Henry I (Duke of Carinthia)

Henry I was the son of Berthold , Duke of Bavaria in 938-947 . After the death of his father, young Heinrich was removed from the right to inherit the Bavarian throne by the German king Otton I , who transferred the duchy to his brother Henry of Saxony , who was married to Bertold's niece. From that time, a conflict began between the house of the Luitpoldings and the Saxon dynasty , which became a central point in the history of southeastern Germany in the late 10th century . The son of Henry of Saxony, Henry II the Shrew in 974 raised a rebellion against Emperor Otto II , which led in 976 to the division of the Bavarian duchy. Eastern marks were separated from Bavaria from which an independent duchy of the Great Quarantine was formed. The head of the new education was Heinrich Junior.

The new state includes the following brands :

• Karantan (counties in the upper reaches of the Mura - the modern federal state of Styria );
• Podravska (the territories around the cities of Maribor and Ptuj - the eastern part of modern Slovenia );
• Posavska ( Celje region, central Slovenia);
• Krajnenskaja ( Ljubljana and western Slovenia);
• Istria ( Istria peninsula);
• Friuli (modern region Friuli-Venezia-Julia ) and
• Verona (part of the modern area of Venice ).

The Duchy of Carinthia (the federal state of Carinthia and part of northern Slovenia) became the core of the state.

The new state was notable for its utter fragility: at the head of each brand included its own dynasties, which predetermined the weakness of the central government and the rapid disintegration of the state. The majority of the population subject to Henry I were Slovenian lands, but the ruling stratum was predominantly German. The formation of the duchy was the impetus for a new wave of German colonization, as a result of which the Slavic population was forced out of northern Carinthia and northern Styria. The Duchy of Carinthia was one of the largest principalities in Germany, but under Henry I it did not pursue an independent foreign policy.

In 977, Heinrich the Younger took part in the revolt of Heinrich the Shrew and the Bishop of Augsburg against the emperor ( War of the Three Henry (977) ), but was defeated and in 978 was removed from the throne of Carinthia. Otto of Vorms , a relative of the Bavarian duke Otto I of the Salic dynasty, was Otto of Vorms . After the death of the latter in 982, Heinrich the Younger reconciled with the emperor and received the crown of Bavaria. However, he soon made peace with the emperor and Heinrich the Shrew. As a result, in 985, Heinrich Jr. gave way to Bavaria, Heinrich the Shrew, and he returned to the throne of Carinthia. The second reign of Henry in Carinthia did not last long: in 989 he died, and with his death, the male line of the Luitpoldings died out. Carinthia was returned under the rule of Bavaria.

• Sigmund Ritter von Riezler: Heinrich III. (Herzog von Bayern). In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Band 11, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, S. 459.

• genealogie-mittelalter.de