Wegener, Alexander Nikolaevich

Born on June 3, 1892 in the city ​​of Rybinsk . From the hereditary nobles of the Yaroslavl province . Father, Nikolai Gustavovich Wegener, born in 1854, from Russified Germans, a career officer , retired colonel, participant in the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878 , mother, Varvara Platonovna (nee Mamonova), born in 1856, daughter of a Russian nobleman.

In service since September 1, 1900. He graduated in 1900 from the Pskov Cadet Corps , in 1903 , from the Nikolaev Engineering School in St. Petersburg. From August 10, 1903 he was second lieutenant (with seniority from August 13, 1901). Appointed to the 1st Caucasian Engineer Battalion .

Military Balloon

Member of the Russo-Japanese War as an observer in the 1st East Siberian Aeronautical Battalion .

• He participated in 1905 in reconnaissance from a tethered balloon under enemy fire near the villages: Kholantai - January 5, Sandepu - from January 7 to January 18, Lidiutun - January 20, Xiaotaitzi - January 22.
• He participated in battles in the Mukden area from February 18 to February 26, 1905, and was wounded. Since August 24, 1905, a lieutenant (with seniority since August 13, 1905). In 1906 he graduated from the officer class of the Training Aeronautical Park and served there as the head of the non-commissioned officer class. From October 1, 1909 , he was headquarters captain (with seniority from August 13, 1909).
• In 1910 he graduated from the first category Nikolaev Engineering Academy . Since May 29, 1910 - captain-engineer (with seniority since May 23, 1910).

Pilot and Aircraft Designer

On July 7, 1911 he graduated from the Aviation Department of the Officer Aeronautical School (first graduation). Together with lieutenants G. A. Galvin, A. V. Sakharov, B. N. Firsov and military engineer, Lieutenant D. A. Boreyko learned to fly with S. A. Ulyanin and was left in permanent staff.

In the summer of 1911, Captain A.N. Wegener, the head of practical training at the Gatchina Aviation School , built a Wegener 1 biplane . According to the scheme, the plane was similar to Farman IV , but had two people closed by a fairing - a student and an instructor - with student control turned off (possibly for the first time in the world), as well as some constructive improvements. The plane was used at school as an educational one. Wegener spent the whole of 1912 in France, practicing at aircraft factories and schools. Military pilot ( 1913 ). In 1913 he was sent to England to participate in special experiments in firing from airplanes .

Aircraft Commander and Head of the Main Airfield

From the beginning of World War I, he commanded the 14th aeronautical company of the 9th Army (from July 18, 1914 ). He distinguished himself in the defense of Ivangorod . Commander of the 5th Aviation Company of the 4th Army (November 3, 1915 ). For differences in cases against the enemy, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel (February 15, 1915). Chairman of the acceptance committee at the Main Military Technical Directorate (from October 27, 1915). In April 1916 he created and headed the first organization in Russia dedicated to the State tests of aviation equipment - the Main Airfield near St. Petersburg. Since December 6, 1916, Colonel . In 1917 - 1918 The main airfield was based in Kherson .

In the service of the RKKVF

February 23, 1918 joined the Red Army . In 1918, the Council of the Main Airfield was created under the Administration of the Military Air Fleet, and A. N. Wegener was appointed chairman. Since 1919 he has been participating in the creation and working as a teacher at the Kiev School of Aviation Technicians and Mechanics of the Ukrainian Air Navigation Fleet, then at the Glavvozdukhoflot , and when the flight department is created, it becomes its head. On September 30, 1919, Wegener was elected a member of the board of the TsAGI flight department. In 1920 - 1923 A.N. Wegener was in senior positions in the Main Directorate of the Air Fleet: an engineer at the school of the Main Directorate of the RKVF , a senior engineer at the Main Directorate of the RKVF and at the same time a permanent member of the NTK VVF , a permanent member of the commission at the Special Meeting of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR . He initiated the creation on July 7, 1920 at the Main Directorate of the Air Fleet of the flight department for testing aviation equipment and headed it. Based on it, on the model and likeness of the Main airfield, he created the Experimental airfield (hereinafter the Scientific Experimental Airfield, the Air Force Research Institute, the GLITS of the RF Ministry of Defense ).

September 23, 1922 was appointed the first head of the Academy of the Air Force of the Red Army. Zhukovsky . In 1922-1927 A.N. Wegener professor , head of the department of air navigation, senior head of the Air Force named after N.E. Zhukovsky. In the 1920s, A.N. Wegener published 8 books and more than 10 articles in journals on air navigation, air communications, airfield equipment, and flight tests of aircraft.

June 10, 1927 arrested . On August 29, 1927, he was sentenced by the OGPU College on charges of counter-revolutionary activity to execution . He was executed on September 2, 1927. He was buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.

Rehabilitated April 7, 1993

• Order of St. Anne 4th Art. with the inscription "For courage" (1905)
• Order of St. Stanislav 3rd Art. with swords and bow (1905)
• Order of St. Vladimir 4th art. with swords and bow (1905)
• Order of St. Anne, 2nd art. (12/06/1910)
• Order of St. Stanislav, 2nd art. (1913)

Selected Editions

• Aeronautics service in wartime. - St. Petersburg, 1907. - 62 p.
• A collection of instructions on the arrangement of the flight path of a controlled balloon. - SPb .: Officer. airpl. School, 1914. - 48 p.
• Airfield lighting. - M.: Acad. Air Fleet, 1924 .-- 24 p.
• Airfields // Transactions of TsAGI. - 1924. - issue. 9.M., 1924.- 72 s.
• Air fleet in the war. - M .: Mosk. number of friends Fleet, 1925. - 28 p.
• Air traffic. Part 1. Air navigation. - M .: Aviaizdat , 1926 .-- 260 p.
• Overhead lines. - M .: Akad: Vozd. Fleet, 1924 .-- 66 p.
• Design of overhead lines. - M .: Military air. Acad., 1926. −72 s

Articles in periodicals, collections and TSB

• Aeronautics service in wartime. " Engineering Journal ", 1907. - No. 1.
• Aeronautics service in wartime. The Ballooner , 1907. - No. 6-7.
• Speed ​​in air navigation. Aero Magazine, 1923 - No. !! June 6th. - S. 105-106.
• Orientation in flight. The collection "Dobrolet", 1923. - S. 18-27.
• Equipment for aerostations. The journal " Equipment and Supply of the Red Army " 1923 - No. 41-42 (72-73); issue Air Fleet No. 2-3, September. - S. 32-44,
• Great Soviet Encyclopedia (l-th ed.) Air transport. M., 1926. - T. IV. - Art. 241-243. Non-powered airplane. M., 1927. - T.U. - Art. 200-203.

Herald of the Air Fleet

• Flight department. 1920. - No. 115, April. - with. 36-38.43.
• Test aircraft. 1920. - No. 1, April. - with. 39-40, 45; No. 2, May-June.- p. 37-38; No. 3-4, July-September. - with. 29-30; No. 5, October.- p. 21-22.
• Flying lab. 1920. - No. 2, May-June. - with. 34-36; No. 3-4, July-September. - with. 32-33.
• Technical maintenance of the Air Fleet. 1921. - No. 8-9, July. - with. 11-12.
• Experienced airfield. In the same place. - with. 28-29.
• Aircraft of the future / Proceedings of the 1st All-Russian Congress of engineers working in the field of military industry. Issue 1. M. Edition of the Main Directorate of the military industry. 1922.
• Preparation of the territory of the state for air communications, 1923. - No. 1, January. - with. 54-55.
• A device for adjusting the cables on airplanes. 1923 p. 122.
• Flight over the compass. In the same place. - with. 128-130.
• Air Fleet Academy. 1923.-№ 3. -C. 115-117.
• Assessment of gliders by volatility. 1923. - No. 5. - p. 88.
• Factory airfields. 1923. - No. 6. - P.41-45.
• Control aerodynamic device. In the same place. - with. 125-126.
• Lighting aerodromes. 1924.-№ 2 ,. -WITH. 17-21.
• Flight range. 1924. - No. 3. - p. 49-50.
• The choice of the technical speed of the aircraft. 1924. - No. 4-5, April-Mai. - with. 42-43.
• Stencil of the flight zone. 1924. - No. 6-7, June-July. - with. 31-32.
• Accident classification 1924.-№ 12, December. - with. 52-53.

Scientific Supplement to the Air Fleet Herald magazine

• Formulas for benchmarking gliders. 1924. - No. 1, January-February. - with. 26-28.
• The radius of the aircraft. 1924. - No. 2, March-April. -C. 37-40.
• Areas of air navigation. In the same place. - with. 49.
• To the plane of the future. In the same place. - with. 36; No. 3, May-June. - with. 13.
• Aviation chart. 1924. - No. 3, May-June. - with. 14.
• From the emergency commission. In the same place. - with. 36.
• Ellipse of the flight zone. In the same place. - with. 43-50.
• The first Russian metal plane. In the same place. - with. 50.
• Reorganization of the long-distance commission. 1924. - No. 4-5. -S.70.
• Flight calculation of the air line. 1924. - No. 6, November-December. -C. 5-24.
• Airplane Flight Mode. In the same place. - with. 64.
• It's time to change the designation of the wind. 1924. - No. 8. - p. 24.
• Calculation of the number of aircraft for periodic repairs. No. 1-2, January-April. - with. 102.
• The number of spare aircraft in an accident. In the same place. - S. 12.
• Flight record. In the same place. - with. 168.

(indicated application numbers)

• The control device for the aircraft. Application from 04/05/21, No. 74462. USSR patent N 1081, publ. 02/27/26. The FIPS database is missing.
• A device for determining wind speed and direction. Application of 02.04.23, N 76561. USSR patent No. 809, publ. 09/15/24.
• A device for determining the speed and direction of the wind, the course and speed of the airplane, as well as the angle of drift of the airplane. Application of 12.24.23, No. 77753. USSR patent No. 2909, publ. 05/31/27.
• The pattern of the flight zone. Claim 05.28.24, No. 2652. USSR Patent No. 1790, publ. 10/30/26.
• A device for determining the duration and activity of flight on aircraft. Application of 09.01.25, No. 6895. USSR patent No. 4883, publ. 03/31/28.
• A device for plotting the flight path of aircraft. Claim 14.11.25, No. 5422. USSR Patent No. 3519, publ. 08/31/27. The FIPS database is missing.

• Shavrov V. B. The history of aircraft designs in the USSR until 1938 - 3rd ed., Rev. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1985.
• Kravets A. Alexander Wegener, historical and biographical documentary, M. 2001

• Shavrov V. B. Works of St. Petersburg designers