Beautiful harbor (nature park)

According to the decision of the Supreme Council of the ARC, in 1994 in the Black Sea region 2 thousand hectares of land were reserved for the creation of the Tarkhankutsky nature reserve .

The Beautiful Harbor Natural Park was created on December 11, 2009 according to the Decree of the President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko with the aim of preserving, restoring and rationally using the typical and unique steppe and coastal natural complexes and objects of the north-west coast of the Black Sea, which have important environmental, scientific, aesthetic, recreational and wellness value.

Due to the indifference of the local authorities and the controlling bodies of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the matter of expanding the activity of the national park has not moved off the ground since the decree was issued. The protected areas were negatively affected: a property complex was built in the Atlesh tract to provide a system of tourism services and in-house recreation.

The Council of Ministers of Crimea allowed the National Natural Park to order the development of a land management project for the organization and establishment of borders. Until 2011, the borders of NPPs were not made in kind, due to the lack of adequate funding ^[8] .

In connection with the adoption of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol into the Russian Federation, a draft order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 05.06.2014 “On transferring to the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia specially protected natural territories of federal significance located in the Republic of Crimea and the city of federal significance Sevastopol” was approved, where Nature Park is referred to as Charivna Harbor .

Tarkhankutsky National Natural Park was created by the Regulation on the state budget institution of the Republic of Crimea Tarkhankutsky National Nature Park , approved by Order of the State Committee on Forestry and Hunting of the Republic of Crimea dated December 18, 2014 No. 158 and the chairman of the Goskomles of Crimea. The park was founded by reorganizing the existing Beautiful Harbor National Natural Park. The boundaries of the park were laid out in kind and a number of information signs (shields) were set.

The national natural park includes 10 900 hectares of land, including 6 150 hectares of state property (reserve), which are provided to the national park for permanent use and 4 750 hectares of land, which are part of the park without withdrawal.

The park is located on the western tip of the Tarkhankutsky peninsula in the Olenevsky and Okunevsky village councils of the Black Sea region . The park consists of two sections: northern (north of Olenevka and Krasnoselsky) and south (south of Olenevka and Krasnoselsky). The park is represented mainly by steppe sections of the Tarkhankut Upland , as well as beams (Belaya, Kastel, Ternovaya), which crash into the hill. The territory of the park goes around almost the entire western coast with the exception of other objects of the nature reserve fund; Fisherman's , Big Yar , Priboynoy and Olenevka ; Lakes Liman , Big and Small Kipchak, not included in the composition.

A differentiated special protection regime has been established on the territory of the park and 5 zones have been allocated: a conservation zone, a specially protected zone, a recreation zone, a zone for the protection of cultural heritage objects (historical and cultural monuments), and an economic zone.

Dzhangulsky reserve (area of ​​100 ha) adjoins the northern section near the coastline. The Balka Bolshoi Kastel nature reserve (in the west of the northern section; an area of ​​20 hectares) and the Atlesh landscape and recreation park (natural boundary) (in the south of the southern section; an area of ​​260 hectares) are located within the park. A hydrological natural monument “Coastal aquatic complex near the Dzhangulsky landslide coast” (an area of ​​180 hectares) adjoins the Dzhangulsky nature reserve, a hydrological natural monument “A coastal aquatic complex near Cape Atlesh” (an area of ​​180 hectares).

Visiting and sightseeingː The park has 5 routes for ecotourism (visiting the ecological trail is paidː for adults 90 rubles) ^[9] , two cycling and three walking sightseeing routes. In the park there are special places for recreation of wild tourism , for example, in the Bolshoy Kastel beam and the Atlesh tract. Parking in the camp Bolshoi Kastel paid: 55 p. person / day ^[10] . Atlesh is a popular place for diving , Karadzhinsky Bay and Lake Liman - windsurfing and kitesurfing . There are several archaeological sites in the parkː an Eneolithic site in the Big Atlesh, many Scythian settlements and barrows, ancient Greek settlements: Bolshoy Kastel estate (No. 3017) and in the Dzhangul tract ^[11] .

The nearest settlements: Olenevka , Mayak and Krasnoselskoye , as well as Kalinovka and Maryino , the city is Yevpatoriya .

The dominant type of vegetation is true sod-cereal, poorly-grassy steppes. Fragments of stony desert and shrubby steppes are also found. In the estuarine parts of the beams there are areas of meadow vegetation, and on the sandy embankments that separate the lakes from the sea - psamophilous. 11 Crimean endemic plants grow on the territory of the park, for example, Dzevanovsky wormwood ( Artemisia dzevanovskyi ), Tarkhankut onion ( Allium tarkhankuticum ). Species listed in the Red Book of Ukraine: Pallas asparagus ( Asparagus brachyphyllus Turcz.), Tarhankut Astragalus ( Astragalus tarchankuticus Boriss.), Brauner's feather ( Stipa brauneri ), hairy feather ( Stípa capilláta ), other Borzoi ( Alyssum alyssum ) and Borzyr ’alyssum ( Aryssum Borzaeanum ). . Steppe groups represented by wormwood are listed in the Green Book of Ukraine. Vulnerable species: two-flowered tulip ( Tulipa biflora Pall. ), Anchara colchicum ( Colchicum ancyrense BLBurtt ).

Steppe plots are the place of existence of the steppe fauna. There are 70 species of animals. Steppe grass - a place of settlement of more than 20 insects listed in the Red Book of Ukraine. Among reptiles, snake and steppe viper are common here; birds: bustards and steppe cranes, spongy cormorants (listed in KNU). Coastal complexes are a breeding ground for many birds. Endangered species listed in the Red Book: stone crab ( Eriphia verrucosa Forskall ), dawn Euphemus (Zegris eupheme), iron satyr ( Hipparchia statilinus ), bumblebee Croatian (Hemaris croatica), southern black-fruited barnacle (Hyelidae), , andrena large ( Andrena (Melandrena) magna Warncke ), mason bee ( Megachile (Chalicodoma) lefebvrei Lepeletier ), carpenter bee ( Xylocopa (Xylocopa) valga Gerstaecker ), purple carpenter bee ( Xylocopa ( xylocophechaopchaople ) pallasii ).

In the enclosure complex with an area of ​​100 hectares, in the Bolshoy Kastel beam, the Turkmen kulan (subspecies of the kulan, Equus hemionus onager ) and saiga ( Saiga tatarica ) live. Here, it is part of a project to restore degraded steppe areas in a natural way with the help of wild steppe animals (ungulates).

Until the 1950s, Tarhankut was one of the few breeding sites for the monk seal .

• The text of the law (in Ukrainian)
• Pearls of the Black Sea (Ukrainian)
• Website Tarkhankutsky park