Francis MacDonald MacNeil (Eng. Frances MacDonald McNair ; August 24, 1873 , Kidsgrove , Staffordshire - December 12, 1921 , Glasgow ) - British artist and designer who worked in art nouveau style . Together with her husband, James Herbert McNair , sister Margaret MacDonald McIntosh, and her husband, Charles Renny Mackintosh , formed the renowned artistic group The Four .
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Life and creativity
Frances was born in the family of a mining engineer. In 1890, the MacDonalds moved to Glasgow, where Francis and her sister Margaret enter the local School of the Arts. At school, they meet young artists C. R. McIntosh and J. G. MacNeil (their future husbands), whose artistic views coincide with those of the sisters. Soon they form the art group "The Four " and in 1894 organize their first joint avant-garde exhibition. The Quartet contributed to the English modernist “ Movement of Arts and Crafts ” what became known as the “Glasgow style” and had a significant impact on modern art in general.
In mid-1890, Francis left the School of the Arts and, together with her sister, arranged an art workshop in the center of Glasgow. The sisters work as designers for metal and fabric, create works of graphics and book illustrations. Works by Francis and Margaret are exhibited in London , Venice and Liverpool . During this period, Francis is one of the leading figures and leaders of the women's group of Glasgow Girls , which included artists and designers. In creative terms, she was influenced by the paintings of William Blake , Aubrey Beardsley and symbolism in general.
In 1899, Francis married John G. McNair and moved to Liverpool, where he taught at an art school. In 1900, they had a son. After the Liverpool school was closed in 1905, the artists' family faces financial problems and returns to Glasgow (finally in 1908), where Francis teaches painting at the School of Art. In subsequent years, the artist creates a series of symbolist watercolors on the themes of marriage and motherhood. In the years 1913-1914, the family travels to Canada .
After the death of the artist, her husband, who stopped painting in 1911, destroyed a significant part of her work.
Gallery
Selection (1909)
Woman standing in the sun
The man who creates the pearls of life
Prudence and Desire
Sleeping princess
Pond (1894)
Ship with shields before sunrise
Flower design (1901)
The Paradox (1905)
The Third Omen (1893)
Sleep (1910)
Moonlight Garden
See also
- Glasgow School
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF ID : 2011 open data platform .
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Mapping the Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851–1951