Gutten Chapsky, Karol

Born on August 15, 1860 in Stankovo . Baptized on September 6, 1860 . He studied at the German gymnasium of St. Anne in St. Petersburg ^[1] , which he graduated in 1878 . In the same year he entered the Imperial University of Dorpat at the Faculty of History and Philology, which he graduated in 1882 with a degree in Political Economy and Statistics. May 31, 1884 was appointed to serve in the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Empire and was approved as a college secretary . He rose to the rank of court adviser (who received July 17, 1900 ).

Already at the age of 30 years old (May 24, 1890) Karol Gutten-Chapsky assumed the position of Minsk Mayor . Minsk at that time was a provincial city with almost 100 thousand inhabitants.

Job as mayor

First term (1890-1893)

The first thing he did was finish the construction of the city theater (today, the Y. Kupala National Theater ), which was delayed due to lack of funds. Under his rule, the townspeople began to use the telephone - the first public telephone exchange in Belarus was built. The part of the Low Market, which was previously owned by private individuals, became the property of the city.

In 1891, a city slaughter of animals was put in order, a pawnshop appeared, 172 stores were built, and finally the strengthening of the Svisloch embankment was started, which had brought the Minsk residents a lot of trouble during rains and floods. Being the largest landowner (Karol Gutten-Chapsky owned more than 34,500 acres of land in Minsk and Igumen districts), he strongly facilitated the organization of trade in the inhabitants of Igumen district. In the same year, numerous artisans from the town of Igumen, located fifty miles from Minsk, took a fancy for trading the trading places created by the mayor on the Igumen Hill and it was there that the Minskers were offered a wide variety of their own goods, which pleased with variety, quality and price. So there was the Igumen (now Chervensky) market.

In 1892, the City Society of Sports Lovers was established in Minsk, and Karol Jan Alexander became its chairman. Society began to hold competitions in athletics and weightlifting. There are well-known competitions in lifting weights, which were held on the territory of the Igumen market. To support the poor citizens of the city, Karl Gutten-Chapsky submits a petition to St. Petersburg and receives permission to open the first city pawnshop in Minsk. In the same year, 1892, the " horse " was inaugurated (a tram that a horse-drawn pair of horses carried along rails). A new pump-action machine was installed, which significantly increased the capacity of the water supply. A shelter for the homeless was built. In the same year, the Koidanovskaya road was paved, connecting the city with the southwestern lands of the province and the estate of Count Gutten-Chapsky. The city government organized a drawing office and began to carry out systematic monitoring of urban construction. Sanitary rehabilitation of the city began: anti-cholera measures were carried out and the city sanitary committee was opened. The sanitary committee was located in one of the houses of K. Gutten-Chapsky. The rent was set minimum - 375 rubles. in year.

In 1893, a new Low-Bazarny Bridge was built (a modern bridge over the Svisloch River connecting Nemig and Bogdanovich St.) to continue the Konka line towards the Troeck market and Count Gutten-Chapsky brewery. Families of firefighters received separate barracks. The land of the villages of Petrovschina and Sennitsa entered the city limits.

Second term (1893-1897)

In 1893, he was successfully re-elected for a second term. Such a high position allowed him, according to status, to receive the rank of college assessor . Since 1894, he voluntarily refused state salaries, worked for free.

In 1894, he opened a power station in Minsk (it was destroyed in 2011, despite the fact that it was officially a monument of industrial architecture at the end of the 19th century; it was located between the Belarusian State Circus and Victory Square ^[2] ). The city administration took control of garbage collection from the city, having bought a cesspool from a private person. In connection with the construction boom, an inventory of urban lands was carried out, a detailed city plan was drawn up.

In 1895, a vocational school was opened, for which the city acquired a separate building, as well as the 3rd parish school. In the house of the count, on the street Zakharyevskaya, a maternity shelter began to work, which received annual funding from city funds. A new city plan was approved.

In 1896, the Minsk Craft Credit Partnership appeared, which issued a mortgage loan for the repair and construction of new houses. The city allocated a special room for auctions for this society and acquired a new electric machine.

In 1897, a new Lyakhovsky bridge was built, connecting the state-owned wine warehouse with the center. In a city slaughter, a corral for animals was built. Antidysenteric measures were taken.

The Third Term (1897-1901)

In 1897, at the next election of the mayor, Count K. Gutten-Chapsky again easily won - no one even dared to run for office against him.

In 1898 a hospital was opened for prostitutes. The city acquired land for a voluntary fire society and bought the Jubilee Square from private individuals.

In 1899, the 2nd girls' gymnasium (Mariinsky) was opened. A free outpatient clinic began work. The right to issue bond debt has been obtained. Land management continued: a new city plan was drawn up, land for the dairy market was acquired, and 145 acres of land from the suburban estate " Losha " of Eustach Luban were included in the city.

In 1900, the city public library was opened in Minsk. A new dynamo was purchased for the city power station. At the vocational school, a copper foundry was founded. The Piazza Troeca is paved. A monument to Alexander II was erected in Cathedral Square. With him, many roads were improved and paved. Hard work undermines the Count’s health and he becomes ill with tuberculosis. In 1900, the mayor spent two months on vacation and was treated in a sanatorium near Baden .

In 1901, Gutten-Chapsky founded the Minsk City Women's Protection Society. Members of the society organized Sunday schools, opened a “Nursery” - a day shelter for workers' children, gave free legal advice, and lectured. At the anniversary agricultural and handicraft-industrial exhibition, which was held in Minsk on August 26 - September 4, 1901, as one of the organizers of the exhibition and at the same time a large landowner, who had a well-appointed farm, he demonstrated purebred cattle, horses of the Stankovsky breeding factory, sheep, thoroughbred dogs, a collection of seedlings, as well as ceramic products (bricks, drainage, pipes, tiles) from Stankovo’s own estate.

In 1894, he built a brewery (on the site of the wooden brewery of the Minsk bourgeoisie Rokhli Frumkina), equipped with a steam engine and advanced equipment. He built a stone brewery, a hotel and other administrative buildings, installed a steam boiler, and made a telephone. Beer was produced according to the German recipe. This factory was included in the joint-stock company Bohemia, and in 1900 it was bought by the Lekert family ^[3] , who brewed beer on it until 1917 . In honor of the founder of the production, Karl Gutten-Chapsky, his bust was cast as cork. Today it is the 1st Minsk brewery "Olivaria" . In honor of the founder of the plant in the 1990s. beer was produced under the name "Count Chapsky."

He married in July 1894 in Warsaw ^[4] . Wife - Leontina ^[5] Maria Francis, nee Puslovskaya (1870-1965 ^[4] , Rome ), daughter of Francis Puslovsky . Had four children:

• Fabiana ^[5] Elizabeth Francis Leontina Maria Józefa (April 27, 1895 - 1974), since 1920 married to Joseph Godlevsky ^[4] , lived in Madrid ^[5] .
• Elizabeth Maria Regina Gabriela (August 26, 1896 - 1991) ^[4] , married Mall. Until 1924 she lived in Stankovo, then in the village of Zabolotye near Priluki ^[5] .
• Emerik August Voytekh (August 8, 1897 - 1979) ^[4] , was the head of the Gutten-Chapsky family, lived in Rome, died childless ^[5] .
• Voitech Bogdan Leon (April 16, 1899 - 1937 ^[4] or 1936, Katyn ^[5] ).

Chapsky was awarded the orders of St. Anne of the III degree (1895), St. Stanislav of the II degree (1896), and medals. In 1894, Karol was chairman of the Minsk Student Aid Society.

The Minsk provincial government on March 26, 1910 decided to rename Mikhailovskaya Street (today Kirova Street), which was named Karol Chapsky Street ^[6] . In the 1910s, a scholarship named after Karl Chapsky was established, which was paid from special contributions bequeathed to the count of the Minsk Male Government Grammar School.

C.E. Chapsky received 3000 salaries a year. Karol owned the estates of Stankovo (ancestral estate), Negoreloe , Prusinovo, Zubarevichi (which totaled 8354 tithes of land, and was part of the so-called " Stankovsky key "), as well as a forest dacha in the tract of Tslyakovo, Igumen Uyezd and the Sallenen estate of Kurland province . The total value of the property remaining after the death of Count Karol Jan Alexander Gutten-Chapsky was determined at 1,434,915 rubles. In the Stankovsky library, there were more than 20 thousand volumes of books.

Karl Gutten-Chapsky died on January 17, 1904 in Germany , in Frankfurt am Main , from tuberculosis . He was buried in his family estate in Stankovo . The guardians of Karol’s young children were Mikhail Genrikhovich Vollovich and Count Vladislav Frantsevich Puslovsky (the brother of the deceased’s wife).

On August 15, 2014, a memorial bas-relief to Count Chapsky by sculptor Pavel Voynitsky was installed on the Olivaria brewery ^[7] .

• Code of the mayor
• How to turn Minsk into a European capital: historical lessons of Count Chapsky