Bird-headed sedge ( Latin: Carex ornithopoda ) is a perennial herbaceous plant, a species of the genus Sedge ( Carex ) of the sedge family ( Cyperaceae ).
| Sedge birdheart | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Botanical illustration of Jacob Sturm from the book Deutschlands Flora in Abbildungen , 1796 1 - Carex ornithopoda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Carex ornithopoda Willd. , 1805 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Botanical Description
A bright green plant with an oblique ascending rhizome that forms thick turf.
The stalks are curved at the top, flattened and trihedral, upward rough, (5 [2] ) 10-40 (50) cm tall. Reproductive shoots are lateral, with greenish or pale purple vaginas at the base, the upper of which is often with a short, 0.3-0.8 (1) cm, bristle-like plate.
The leaves are soft, flat, shorter than the stems, equal or slightly equal to them, rarely 1.5–2 (3-4) times, longer, bare.
Inflorescence 1-2 (2.5) cm long, of 3-4 bundle-shaped (cinquefoil) harvested spikelets . The upper spikelet is staminate , usually not more than 0.5 cm long (0.4-0.8 [2] cm), small-flowered , lanceolate, light brown, located mostly below the level of the upper pistillate spikelet, with obovate, truncated-obtuse, light rusty, slightly webbed on the edge of the scales; the rest (1) are 2–5 pistillate, linear, located in the upper half of the stem, 0.8–1.5 cm long, with a sinuous axis, loose, slightly (3–6) - flowering , rather narrow, with short legs, almost sessile, deviated or bent, the lower one is sometimes slightly set aside and then on the leg up to 1 cm long. Scales of pistil spikelets upward expanded, obovate, broadly rounded, light rusty, with green, not reaching keel up to the top, angular-webbed along the edge, shorter than sacs. Sacks in the cross section are trihedral, with flat or slightly concave faces, obovate, 2.5-3 (3.5) mm long, can be narrowed to the base, with flat sides, greenish, later turning brown, without veins , pubescent , with a wedge-shaped whitish, somewhat fleshy base, with a short, straight or slightly bent, rusty, conical-cylindrical, whole or slightly notched nose. Stigma 3. Covering leaves consist of pale green vaginas, the lower of which is up to 0.5 cm long, rusty and webbed along the edge.
Carpophore fruit up to 2 mm long. Fruits in May-June.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 48, 52, 54.
The view is described from Europe .
Distribution and Ecology
Northern , Atlantic , Central and Southern (rarely) Europe; European part of Russia : south of Karelia ( Kivach nature reserve), Dvino-Pechora district (except for the east), Leningrad , Pskov and Tver regions ; Belarus : Minsk region ; Ukraine : Carpathians ; West Asia : Northeast Turkey .
It grows on dry open grassy slopes, limestone outcrops, limestone rocks, sometimes in forests , on carbonate soil.
Fruits are carried by ants [3] .
Systematics
Two subspecies are distinguished within the species [4] :
- Carex ornithopoda subsp. ornithopoda - sedge cinquefoil; Europe, West Asia
- Carex ornithopoda subsp. ornithopodioides (Hausm.) Nyman - Central and Southern Europe
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of indicating the class of monocotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Monocotyledonous article .
- ↑ 1 2 Krechetovich V.I. Genus 235. Sedge - Carex // Flora of the USSR : in 30 tons / chap. ed. V.L. Komarov . - L .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1935. - T. 3 / ed. volumes B.K. Shishkin . - S. 361-362. - 636, XXV p. - 5175 copies.
- ↑ Egorova T.V. Family of Sedge (Cyperaceae) // Plant Life. In 6 t. T. 6. Flowering plants / Under. ed. Takhtadzhyana A. L. .. - M .: Education, 1982. - 310 p.
- ↑ Carex ornithopoda in the database of Botanic Gardens in Kew, United Kingdom (Retrieved May 4, 2010)
Literature
- Egorova T.V. Sedges (Carex L.) of Russia and neighboring states (within the former USSR) . - St. Petersburg, St. Louis: St. Petersburg HCFA and the Missouri Botanical Garden, 1999. - P. 304. - 772 p.
- Krechetovich V. I. Genus 235. Sedge - Carex // Flora of the USSR : in 30 tons / chap. ed. V.L. Komarov . - L .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1935. - T. 3 / ed. volumes B.K. Shishkin . - S. 361-362. - 636, XXV p. - 5175 copies.