The community or commune ( Fin. Kunta , Swede. Kommun ) is the third, lowest level of administrative-territorial division of Finland . In 2011, there are 336 communities (municipalities) in Finland [1] , of which 108 are urban. Since 1995 , the law does not distinguish between urban and rural communities, and any community can be called a city if it so wishes.
The number of communities is reduced annually due to their association. So, in 2004 there were 444 (68 urban, 73 semi-urban and 303 rural), in 2010 - 342 communities, and in 2012 - 336 (118 - urban and 218 - rural).
Content
Municipal Reform
After a long preliminary discussion, which lasted several years, on February 8, 2012 a preliminary plan of municipal reform was published, as a result of which it is planned to reduce the number of municipalities in Finland from 336 to 69 [2] .
Despite harsh criticism of reform progress, [3] the Katainen government intends to follow the OECD regulations and carry out municipal reforms, [4] since about 1/3 of the municipalities are subsidized and exist only at the expense of state assistance. [five]
Title
The designation of the local administrative unit of modern Finland in the Russian language is not well established. Five translation options are possible [6] :
- Community : used in some sources [7] [8] , given as a translation of Fin. kunta in the Finnish-Russian dictionaries
- Commune : Swedish borrowing, used by the majority of the Russian-speaking population of Finland and areas bordering Finland and some sources [9] , is given as a translation of Finnish. kunta in one of the Finnish-Russian dictionaries.
- Volost : this term was used in relation to Finland at least until 1945 and is sometimes used now [10] .
- Municipality : a term actively used, including in the Russian-language media in Finland.
- Kunta : Finnish borrowing.
See also
- List of cities in Finland
- Luettelo Suomen kuntamuutoksista - list of changes in Finland's communities (fin.)
- Kuntaliitos Suomessa - Association of Finnish Communities (Fin.)
Notes
- ↑ http://www.yle.fi/novosti/novosti/article2273795.html Yle.fi, There are fewer women in the leadership of municipalities / 01/10/2011
- ↑ Working group: Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo, Kauniainen and Sipoo in one municipality // © Yle Uutiset = Yle News Service. = Website of the television and radio company Yleisradio Oy (yle.fi) February 8, 2012. (Retrieved February 8, 2012)
- ↑ A controversy erupted around government plans to upgrade the municipal system // © Yle Uutiset = Yle News Service. = Website of the television and radio company Yleisradio Oy (yle.fi) January 13, 2012. (Retrieved February 8, 2012)
- ↑ OECD calls on Finland to accelerate structural reforms // © Yle Uutiset = Yle News Service. = Website of the television and radio company Yleisradio Oy (yle.fi) February 7, 2012. (Retrieved February 8, 2012)
- ↑ More than 100 municipalities live on state subsidies // © Yle Uutiset = Yle News Service. = Website of the television and radio company Yleisradio Oy (yle.fi) August 9, 2012. (Retrieved August 9, 2012)
- ↑ Topic Finnish Lane (issue 103) on the Yle.fi website
- ↑ Community: Around the World (unavailable link) (unavailable link from 06/14/2016 [1151 days]) , Zhibitskaya E. D. Finland: economic and geographical characteristics. Gos. publishing house of geographical literature, 1962 , Zolotareva I. M. Ethnogenesis of the Finno-Ugric peoples according to anthropology: dokl. symposium. Institute of Ethnography named after N.N. Miklouho-Maclay. Science, 1974
- ↑ Finland // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Commune: Analytical Center “Plenipotentiary.” Western Europe and Russia, economic relations in ... the year. Agency "Business Press", 2000.
- ↑ E. Balashov in a series of books “The Karelian Isthmus - an Unknown Land”
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has media related to Finnish Communities
- Finland // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.