The Delta du Fleuve Senegal , or Senegal Delta , is a transboundary biosphere reserve founded in 2005 in the Senegal Delta in Senegal and Mauritania [1] .
The following coordinates of the reserve are indicated in the database of the worldwide network of biosphere reserves : - According to the concept of zoning reserves, the total area of the park, which is 6417.68 km², is divided into three main zones: core — 954.6 km², buffer zone — 861.42 km², cooperation zone — 261.98 km². The reserve includes the water part - 261.98 km² of the buffer zone are marine - which is why the reserve’s height above sea level ranges from −2840 meters to 20 meters [1] .
The importance of the park is confirmed by the large number of protected natural areas that were formed in the region before its creation. The core of the Senegal Delta Reserve includes the Jujj Ornithological Reserve in Senegal, the Diavaling National Park, and Chat-T-Bul Reserve in Mauritania. All parts of the core are wetlands protected by the Ramsar Convention , Juju's ornithological reserve is a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The buffer zone is managed as well as the core. The exception is the Gandon Forest in Senegal, which is a nature reserve. The cooperation zone includes public and private property. The park is managed by the interdepartmental national committees of each of the participating countries, which are involved in event planning and reserve monitoring. The cross-border coordinating committee performs the necessary oversight functions and budget allocation [1] .
The reserve hydraulic system divides it into several pools. The main ecosystems are wetlands and tropical savannah , the coastline consists of many lagoons . The landscape is very diverse and includes land fed by both natural sources ( sea , lakes and groundwaters ), and artificial, through hydraulic structures [1] .
About 375,000 people live in the reserve, mainly of three ethnic groups: Wolves , Moors and Fulbe . The cooperation zone maintains cultural contact with Saint-Louis and other areas that are distinguished to the local population from historical, cultural and religious points of view. The agriculture of the region is dominated by the cultivation of rice , tomatoes and sugarcane . In addition, the population raises cattle and engages in fishing. Studies conducted on the territory of the biosphere reserve include monitoring the number of birds and fish, climate monitoring, studying the hydrological characteristics of the region [1] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 DELTA DU FLEUVE SENEGAL . Man and the biosphere . Date of treatment April 30, 2010. Archived February 14, 2012.