“Ruin” (1934) - an unfinished cycle of poems by the Russian poet N. A. Klyuev . The first part of the cycle - “The Song of Gamayun ” - was also included in the poem “The Song of the Great Mother”, the other three parts are not entitled. In terms of its content, the cycle “Ruin” echoes the poems “Pozhar'shchina” and “Song of the Great Mother”, as well as the earlier Klyuyevsky poem “Our dog at the gate otlayala ...” [1] .
Ruin | |
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Genre | cycle of poems |
Author | N. A. Klyuev |
Original language | Russian |
Date of writing | 1934 |
During the life of the author, the poems were not published, but were read by the author more than once and were attached to the investigative case of N. A. Klyuev (interrogation report dated February 15, 1934) as material evidence of his crimes under Article 58 (clause 10) : “anti-Soviet agitation "And" compilation and distribution of counter-revolutionary literary works " [2] .
Content
Contents
I. The cycle begins with the poem “ Song of Gamayun ”, in which the author paints a picture of the death of Russia:
The bitter ones came to us, What is the swell of Aral in dead mud, That storks are rare in Ukraine, Mozdok do not call cobbles, And in the bright Sarov desert Creak underground rudders! Clouds brought to us, That the Volga Blue is growing shallower, And harness for Kerzhents villains Green conifers, What Suzdal fields, smoldering, Give a lichen yes komlie!
Ii. This is followed by the second poem, which begins with the words:
From Lache Lake to Vyg I walked a dangerous path, In the passages a shroud of red shrill, Nomadic woods and devils ...
In it, Klyuev paints a terrible picture of national suffering: hunger and mass death of prisoners taken to Karelia during the construction of the White Sea-Baltic Canal :
That belomorsky death canal, His Akimushka dug, From Vetlugi Prov and Aunt Thekla. Great Russia got wet Under a red shower to the bones And tears hid from people From the eyes of others in the deaf swamp ...
Iii. The theme and the apocalyptic mood of "Song of Gamayun" are resumed in the third part of the cycle, beginning with the words:
There are demons of the plague, leprosy and cholera, They are clothed in stench and in shrouds of sulfur. Plague with rat's coitt; leprosy with a groomer, To quench the kattun with a scorching fire chamber, Cholera with zurna, where the convulsions lived, So that the corpses groan and howl from the graves.
Iv. The fourth and final part of the cycle is a direct continuation of the third:
Squeaks Judah aspen And he spits a crow, Pleased with the delicacy rich, Oh rusty skull cleaning the nose, He blows in the dark: the collective farm, the collective farm! And, having tied up a ox tail, At Verezg filthy pipe Hell climbed from the hellish gap ...
Text Explanation
- In the rows:
Danilovo, where Neofitu Andrew and Simeon, as well as full, Cooked on premgnog years Unbeatable "Answers" ...
Klyuev, obviously, means “Pomeranian Answers” - one of the main apologetic works of Old Believers , written by the pastors of the Vyhovsky desert by brothers Andrey and Semyon Denisov in the form of answers to the questions of the Synodal missionary and exposer of the Old Believers hieromonk Neophyte. The theme of the Old Believers, the "ancient Orthodox faith" is one of the central themes in the work of Klyuev and is present in many of his works.
- In the rows:
Sob Novgorod, where a cloud of gold Grek Theophanes Skeins of Frescoes With church wings - the poet is disgusting The court of the executioner and the mob is many times ...
Klyuev probably has in mind that in the late 1920s, the Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior , painted with frescoes by Theophanes the Greek (1378), was closed in Veliky Novgorod . Later this church was turned into a museum.
- In the rows:
Not for Nekrasovsky Vlas Swarming in the parable of the Ethiopians ...
contains the echo of the poem "Vlas" N. A. Nekrasov :
They say he has a vision It all seemed delirious: Saw the light of the world Saw sinners in hell; Their demons torment agile, Stings witch Egoza. Ethiopians - black view And as embers eyes.
- In the rows:
And, like the ravens of Kame, Snoring, suicidal body, Float to the hellish vent A river of air ... And you Zakovanna in dead rafts, The villain, whose spine flute, Cobblestone street - byline ...
this refers to V. V. Mayakovsky , in particular, alluding to his poem “The Flute-Spine” [3] . Poetic controversy with Mayakovsky had been encountered earlier in other Klyuev works, for example, in the poem “Mayakovsky has a whistle over Winter ...” (1919, when Klyuev’s attitude to Soviet power and the policies of the Communist Party as a whole was not yet negative):
Simple, like mooing, and a cloud in his pants kazinetovyh
Russia will not be-so broadcasts Izba ...
These lines contain a hint of the book of poems “Simple as lowing” and the poem “The cloud in the pants” of Mayakovsky.
Links
Literature
- Klyuev N. The Heart of the Unicorn: Poems and Poems. / Preface N. N. Skatova, entry Art. A.I. Mikhailova; ed., preparation of the text and notes V. P. Garnin. SPb .: Publishing House RHGI, 1999. 1072 p. ISBN 5-88812-079-0 .
- “Nikolai Klyuev. Verbal tree. (Comp. V. Garnin). SPb .: Rostock , 2003.
- Azadovsky K. M. “Gagarya fate” by Nikolai Klyuev. SPb .: INAPRESS , 2004. 199 p.
- Sergey Kunyaev. You, Avvakum's burning scion ... Our Contemporary. Start at number 1, 2009.
Notes
- ↑ Klyuyevlov. "Our dog at the gate otlayala ..." (Inaccessible link) . The appeal date is April 29, 2010. Archived July 1, 2009.
- ↑ Alexander Belousenko Electronic Library
- ↑ Klyuev N. The Heart of a Unicorn: Poems and Poems. / Preface N. N. Skatova, entry Art. A.I. Mikhailova; ed., preparation of the text and notes V. P. Garnin. SPb .: Publishing House RHGI, 1999. Pp. 961-963.