Kozma Ivanovich Gamburov (spelling variants named after him: Gomburov; Gamburov Kozma; died about 1810 [1] ) is a Russian actor of the end of the XVIII century, an opera singer ( bass ), a drama actor, one of the first actors of the Russian scene.
| Kozma Ivanovich Gamburov (Gomburov) | |
|---|---|
| Place of Birth | Russian empire |
| Date of death | |
| Citizenship | Russian empire |
| Profession | drama actor, opera singer |
| Theater | Karl Knieper Theater Imperial Theaters of the Russian Empire |
Biography
Almost nothing is known about his life: neither when and where he was born, nor the exact date of death. Sources reported only very little information. It is not known who his parents were. He came from the inmates of an orphanage.
Together with several other students of the orphanage, he was a member of the Karl Knieper Theater Company. This theater was created by the doctor of the Educational House of Karl Knieper , in St. Petersburg in 1777. In 1779, the theater was renamed the Free Russian Theater, in the same year, on the conclusion of the contract of Karl Knieper with the Educational House, he received to study "artists" and further work on the stage 50 graduates of the St. Petersburg Educational House, who were selected famous Moscow actor I.I. Calligrapher and previously studied in Moscow dancing, music and recitation. These 50 pets and pets formed a Russian troupe. Among these 50 was Kozma Ivanovich Gamburov. On April 13, 1779, on the Tsaritsyn Meadow, in the former Locatelli Theater, Knipperov's troupe gave the first performance to the comic opera Melnik by Ablessimov . The Knipper Theater was a great success. Dmitrevsky held a position of a teacher of dramatic art in the theater and, having pledged to give only 12 lessons per month, he actually visited his students twice a day.
On the stage of the Kniper Theater, Gamburov played lovers and comic roles [1] . It was in this theater that, for the first time, on September 24, 1782, the comedy Fonvizin “ Nedorosl ” was shown on the stage; this production was the first work in the Free Russian Theater of Ivan Dmitrievsky . The role of Pravdin was played by Kozma Gamburov.
On August 30, 1756, on the orders of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna , the Directorate of Imperial Theaters of the Russian Empire was formed, and an artistic movement began to rise in Russia, and the Directorate of Imperial Theaters bought up the existing Russian theaters and attracted those who wanted to participate in the theater process, thus creating their troupe that existed at public expense.
On September 1, 1783, the Free Theater, together with the whole troupe, entered the structure of the Imperial Theaters. Gamburov was hired by the Directorate of the Imperial Theaters along with the entire Free Theater. In 1783, changing the status and becoming state-owned imperative, the theater received a new name - City Wooden Theater or Maly Theater and existed under it until 1797, after which it was dismantled by order of Paul I , as the building interfered with the maneuvers of troops during parades. But by this time the emerging troupe of the imperial theaters already had several different theater stages, in particular, the Kamennoostrovsky (Bolshoy) theater . Having become the imperial court actor and having already gathered stage experience by this time, Gamburov already masterfully played the roles of kings and tyrants in the tragedy, strict fathers and resonators - in the comedy [1] , and, according to some sources, he played the roles of the second lovers.
Translated from the German comedy "Winter Apartment" (St. Petersburg, 1784).
In 1794, KI Gamburov served as an inspector of the imperial troupe on the stage [2] . However, in such a position there was nothing particularly remarkable - at that time actors were elected for this post for a period of one half year [3] .
Roles:
The 1st performer of the role of Pravdin in the " Little Fonvizin " - September 24, 1782 , Free Russian Theater .
1st performer of operatic roles: Secretary (“St. Petersburg Gostiny Dvor” by M. Matinsky , 1779), Transfiguration (“Mermaid” by S.I. Davydov or K. Kavos , 1807).
Partners: E. P. Bobrov , A. I. Valberkhova, V. Volkov, G. G. Volkov , Y. S. Vorobyov , F. Grigoriev, E. I. Ezhova , El.I. Ezhova , A. M. Krutitsky , Maxim Volkov , S.E. Rakhmanov , Anna Krutitskaya , Milevskaya, Rakhmanova , A. M. Mikhailova , Kuzmin, A. Ponomarev , V. Samoilov , S. Samoilova , N. S. Semenova , S. P. Sokolov , N. Suslov, V. M. Chernikov , P. P. Chernikova , M. A. Chudin , Vasily S. Sharapov, Ya. D. Shumsky .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Gamburov, Kozma Ivanovich // Russian biographical dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
- ↑ Korovyakov D. D. Gamburov, Koz'ma Ivanovich // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extras). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Krutitsky, Anton Mikhailovich // Encyclopedia " Krugosvet ".
Links
- Korovyakov D. D. Gamburov, Kozma Ivanovich // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extras). - SPb. , 1890-1907.