Krasnensky district

Located on the southern slopes of the Central Russian Upland. Territory - 851.9 km². It borders in the north and east with the Voronezh region , Repievsky and Ostrogozhsky districts, in the south - with Alekseevsky and Krasnogvardeisky districts, in the west - with Novooskolsky, Chernyansky and Starooskolsky districts of the Belgorod region. Rivers flow through the district; Potudan and Olshanka (Kamyshenka).

In the Russian Empire

The territory of the modern Krasnensky district became part of the Russian state in the 16th century after the annexation of the Ryazan principality to Moscow ( 1571 ). Earlier on these lands an endless wild field stretched, which was practically not populated. Once the southern outskirts of Russia, these lands became an outpost on the border with the Crimean Khanate and the Nogai Horde . For their settlement, fortress cities were built ( Yelets , Voronezh , Belgorod , Korotoyak , Ostrogozhsk , Stary Oskol , Valuyki , etc.), and then the adjacent territories were developed.

The settlement of the territory of the Krasnensky district is associated with the construction of fortress cities -Userd (1637). The following villages were formed from the Uderd Fortress: Khmelevoye, Kamyzino, Urakovo and the village of Veretennikova. Olshansk (1644) is the ancestral home of the villages; Readiness, Red, Setishche, Gorki, Zalnoye, Krugloye and the villages: Polnikovo, Soldatskaya (Novosoldatka), Kamyshenka, Durovka (Verbnoe) and Kiselevka. The city of Tsarev Alekseev (Novy Oskol) (1647) marked the beginning of the settlement of the western part of the region, having settled the village of Tsarevo Ukolovo (Old and New Ukolovo) near Ukolov Forest, the Korotoyak Fortress (1647) settled the eastern part of the modern Krasnensky District forming the village: Ukolovo (Forest), The theologian and the village of Red Well (Whistle). Verkhososenskaya fortress (1647) gave a ticket to the life of the village of Raskhovetskoye. Founded in 1652, Ostrogozhsk added the Goncharovka farm to the district’s map, the only settlement in the region inhabited by military residents, formerly Cossacks of the Ostrogozhsky Cherkasy Regiment. Landowner colonization added settlements to the map of the district in the 18-19 centuries; Shidlovka, Maryevka, Flygovka, Dmitrievka, Solodsky, Kalmyk, Merry Manor (near the Theologian). In the second half of the 19th century, private land users founded a farm: Bolshoi, Stary Redkodub, Near and far Rossoshki (today the Bolshovskoye rural settlement), Borodkin (near Goncharovka).

The oldest settlements of the region are the villages of Old Ukolovo and Lesnoye Ukolovo, both settlements were founded by decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in 1653. For the rest of the settlements, the exact date of their foundation has not yet been found. It is known that in 1666 already existed; Red, Gorki, in 1678 Theologian, in 1681 Hop. The remaining old-timers were formed before the beginning of the 18th century .. The territory was settled mainly by servicemen and working people from the center of Russia, brought to eternal life to protect the southern borders of the Russian state and to build fortifications of the Belgorod line, as well as Cherkasy (Ukrainians).

The administrative-territorial system in Russia began to take shape at the beginning of the 18th century with the decree of Peter the Great of December 18, 1708 on the formation of provinces . Later, the provinces began to be divided into counties (since 1719 ), and counties - into volosts (since 1861 ). The territory of the Krasnensky district until 1779 was part of 4 counties. Novo Ukolovo and Old Ukolovo belonged to the Novooskolsky Uyezd, Raskhovetsk to Verkhososensky, Krasnoye, Setischi, Gorki, Gotovye, Kamyshenka to the Olshansky Uyezd, Kamyzino, Khmelevoy and Veretennikovo to Usherdsky, Ukolovo (Lesnoye), Theology and Whistle Korot. From 1779 to 1923 it was part of the Korotoyak district of the Voronezh province. In 1800, there were 52 villages and settlements in the county, 3 villages, 3 villages and hamlets, 29 villages, 10 volosts, including Gotovskaya and Staroukolovskaya. The county economy was made up of 20 state-owned and 63 private factories, 110 windmills, 355 thousand acres of land were cultivated. According to the fifth revision ( 1795 ), 30,067 men and 30,800 women lived in the county, including 36,454 one-sex houses of both sexes. Nobles - 202, landowners - 1675 ^[2] .

In 1854, the Korotoyak district had 151 villages, 118,990 people. The birth rate was 30, and the mortality rate was 17.1 ppm . There were 58 churches in the county, including 21 stone, 6 parish schools, which were attended by 262 students, including 30 girls. In the possession of the inhabitants were 37,100 horses, 15,750 head of cattle, 98,300 sheep.

By 1912, 73 zemstvo and parochial schools and 158 teachers (73 priests and 85 civilians) worked in Korotoyak district. 3855 children were trained, including 1040 girls. There were 51 school libraries with 8,000 books in the county. ^[3] . Zemstvo contained 3 medical sites, 8 medical posts, 3 postal stations.

IN USSR

In 1920, after the Civil War, 44,352 residents lived in 4 volosts of the Korotoyak district that make up the modern Krasnensky district. The area under crops was equal to 18566 tithing; the farms had 4950 horses, 6435 cows, 19135 sheep and goats, 3705 pigs, 269 apiaries with 3604 bee decks ^[4] .

On January 4, 1923, the Korotoyak district was abolished, and the territory of the modern Krasnensky district became part of several enlarged volosts of the Ostrogozhsky district. In 1928, 26201 people lived in the district. There were 12 villages, 32 farmsteads, 3 villages, one settlement, 3 settlements, one partnership - a total of 5011 households; there were 17 first-level schools with 24 teachers.

On May 14, 1928, the administrative-territorial division of the country was changed: the provinces, counties, volosts were liquidated, regions, districts and village councils were introduced instead. The territory of the Krasnensky district fell into the Repyevsky district of the Central Black Earth region. On June 13, 1934, the Central Black Earth Region was divided into the Voronezh and Kursk Regions, the Repyevsky District was transferred to the Voronezh Region. On January 18, 1935, a new network of districts of the Voronezh region was formed, 33 new districts appeared, including the Ukolovsky district with a center in the village of Krasnoe, which occupied the territory of the modern Krasnensky district. The district was called Ukolovsky in order to avoid confusion, because in the Voronezh region there was already Krasnyansky district.

A year later, in 1936 , the Ukolovsky district was as follows: territory - 781 km², population - 50.4 thousand people. The district consisted of 73 settlements, united in 13 village councils. In the villages there were 71 collective farms and 1 state farm. The collective farms consisted of 8199 peasant households (93.6%). The sown area was 44887 hectares. There were 34 elementary and 8 seven-year schools, 6,295 students and 183 teachers in the district. 255 points of educational program covered 7100 students. 8 kindergartens attended by 458 children. In the political enlightenment, there were 8 reading rooms, 51 red corners, 3 clubs, 9 libraries with a collection of 4460 books ^[5] .

7199 Krasnents took part in the Great Patriotic War, 3612 of them died or went missing. From July 5, 1942 to January 18, 1943 the area was occupied by German-Hungarian troops. During the occupation, the Nazis executed 67 people in the area, 36 people were stolen in Germany ^[6] . Material damage from the occupation amounted to 225 million rubles.

On January 6, 1954, the Belgorod Region was formed, the Ukolovsky District became part of it. Since October 5, 1957, the Ukolovsky district became known as Krasnensky. On December 7, 1962, the Krasnensky District was abolished, its territory became part of the Alekseevsky District.

February 25, 1991 by the Decree of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the formation of the Krasnensky district in the Belgorod region" the region was again restored. At that time, the territory of the district was 852.6 km², the population was 24.8 thousand people, the area of ​​arable land was 48237 hectares.

In Russian federation

In 1996, in connection with the reform of the authorities, the village councils were reorganized into rural districts.

Since January 1, 2006, in accordance with the Law of the Belgorod Region dated December 20, 2004 No. 159 ^{[7], the} municipality Krasnensky District has been granted the status of a municipal district. On the territory of the district, 10 municipalities (rural settlements) were formed.

The Krasnensky district as a municipality with the status of a municipal district includes 10 municipalities with the status of rural settlements :

The head of the district is the chairman of the Municipal Council - Alexander Golovin.
The head of the administration of the municipal district "Krasnensky district" of the Belgorod region is Poltorobatko Alexander Fedorovich.

The Krasnensky district is agricultural in its specificity. (Data is outdated by more than 10 years.) There are 13 agricultural enterprises on its territory. Industry is represented by one enterprise: Krasnensky Printing House. In the district there are two enterprises of housing and communal services: a branch of OGUP Teplokommunenergo and a branch of the water supply and sewage system of OGUP Oblvodokanal. The complex for processing agricultural products (production of flour, animal feed, processing and drying of grain) operates.

There are 19 educational institutions in the district, including 4 secondary schools, 6 secondary schools, 9 preschool institutions and 4 out-of-school ones. Out-of-school institutions include: the district House of Children's Creativity, the Children and Youth Club of Physical Training, the Junior Station, and the teenage club for children with poor health. There are 1,134 students in schools, 359 teachers work, three of them have the title of Honored Teacher of the Russian Federation. 364 children are brought up in preschool institutions. 2743 children are involved in the work of out-of-school institutions, with which 123 additional education teachers are involved. 160 schools and sports sections function on the basis of schools. 10 secondary schools operate in the mode of an educational complex (UVK). The structural and functional model of the methodological work of the district includes 4 territorial organizational and methodological associations of schools, 22 regional subject methodological associations work, and the work of seven creative groups is organized.

There are 25 healthcare institutions in the district, including the Krasnensky district hospital, Novoukolovskaya district hospital, 2 rural medical outpatient clinics and 21 feldsher-midwife stations. The district’s health facilities serve 15,400 residents.

Attractions

Near the village of Svistovki is a natural landscape monument, the Reduced Alps, where relict vegetation characteristic of alpine meadows is concentrated on a territory of several hectares.

On the territory of the Krasnensky district is located the spring "Rubenny", which is located between the villages of Ready and Verbnoe, 12 km from the center of the village of Krasnoe, in a high flood plain of the Kamyshenka River. The district administration carefully monitors the improvement of the spring: a wooden log house was built nearby, there is a canopy-gazebo for a comfortable stay in the summer heat, a concrete gutter, the territory is covered with gravel and asphalted. Locals and visitors from other areas regularly come here for clean drinking water.

Monument of nature "Long-lived Oak in the village of Old Redkodub", The object of special protection within the boundaries of the natural monument is a long-lived oak at the age of 400 years with a security zone of 20 meters from the crown of the tree.

On the territory of the Krasnensky District, the regional television channel Mir Belogorya 26 TVK (analogue TV) and Radio World Belogorye 102.1 MHz (Lesnoye Ukolovo), previously also Radio Russia-Belgorod - 73.76 MHz (1992-2014) (Krasnoye), are broadcasting. A digital TV of 1 and 2 megapixels is broadcast from Novoukolovo to 35TVK and 58TVK). Also, transmissions from neighboring areas are received.

• Shenshin D.F. (2007). What happened was ... (Documentary story) . Voronezh, 2007. ISBN 5-89981-456-X .

• Administrative division of the Belgorod region

• Administration site of the Krasnensky district
• Krasnensky district on the website of the administration of the Belgorod region
• History of urban settlement Krasnoye and Krasnensky district on the site "Coats of arms and symbols of the Belgorod region"
• Krasnensky district on the site "Russian Civilization" (inaccessible link)
• Trip to Belgorod region | ProfiComment Magazine