Scepter, Leonid Nikolaevich

Skipetrov Leonid Nikolaevich
Skipetrov Leonid Nikolaevich
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Date of Birth	April 4, 1883
Place of Birth	Vilnius province
Date of death	August 22, 1956 (73 years old)
Place of death	Los Angeles
Affiliation	Russia ( 1901 - 1917 ); White movement ( 1917 - 1920 )
Type of army	infantry
Years of service	( 1901 - 1920 )
Rank	Colonel in RIA ; Major General in the White Movement
Commanded	170th Molodechno Infantry Regiment ; General for errands in Irkutsk Military District RIA ; NSh Special Manchu squad ; 9th East-Sib. page division ; 1st military district of the Transbaikal region
Battles / wars	World War I ; Civil war in Russia

Leonid Nikolayevich Skipetrov ( April 4, 1883 , Vilna Province - August 22, 1956 , Los Angeles ) - Russian military leader, Cavalier of St. George (1915, 1916), leader of the White Movement in the east, major general (06.09 .1918).

Content

Biography

Born in the Vilnius province . Of the nobles , the son of a court counselor . He graduated from the 1st Vilnius Gymnasium and the Vilnius Military School ( 1904 ). He took part in the Russian-Japanese war . On 01.01.1909 - lieutenant , adjutant of the commandant of the Dvina fortress-warehouse .

World War I

Member of the First World War . For the battle on 07/04/1915, he was awarded the St. George's Arms . For the fights of September 4, 1916, he was awarded the Order of St. George of the 4th degree. The commander of the 170th Molodechno Infantry Regiment , served as general for errands under the commander of the Irkutsk Military District ( 1914 - 1917 ). In 1917 - Chairman of the Union of St. George Knights, a monarchist by conviction.

Civil War in the East

Second Lieutenant Scepter - the hero of the Russo-Japanese War. Photo from the Niva magazine.

Leader of the Junker uprising in Irkutsk in December 1917. Member of the White Movement on the Eastern Front since January 1918 . Since that time, he was the chief of staff of the Special Manchurian detachment, then assistant chieftain G.M. Semenov for political, diplomatic units and for supplying military units. Since September 1918 - Head of the 9th East Siberian Rifle Division. Major General (09/06/1918). On December 15, 1918, he was appointed inspector of the infantry units of the Separate East Siberian Army and military schools. Commander of the 1st Military District of the Transbaikal Region on 12/21/1918 - 06/16/1919 06/16/1919 was appointed deputy G. M. Semenov as a military ataman of the Transbaikal Cossack army . On June 29, 1919, he again assumed the post of chief of the 1st military district of the Transbaikal Region. He was wounded and shell-shocked. In the 1918-1920s, under the leadership of Ataman Semenov, he independently conducted a number of punitive operations against uncontrolled authorities and red partisans ^[1] . In December 1919, the Socialist - Revolutionary - Menshevik uprising of the Political Center in Irkutsk took place . 12/23/1919 A.V. Kolchak appointed G.M. To help suppress the rebellion of the Political Center in Irkutsk, the new commander in chief sent a detachment of Major General L. N. Skipetrov from Verkhneudinsk . G. M. Semenov gave him “a categorical order to mercilessly end once and for all with bastards who enjoy the plight of the motherland” ^[2] . The expedition (about 1000 people) included the “Ruthless”, “Avenger”, “Fighter” armored trains under the command of Major General K. I. Archegov , the 1st Manchurian Rifle Regiment, the Mongol-Buryat Horse Regiment from the Wild Division of the General Division Major S. A. Panchenko , stationed in Nizhneudinsk . On December 30-31, 1919, after unsuccessful battles near Irkutsk, the group retreated to Baikal station . 01/09/1920 Skipetrov’s detachment was attacked by the Czechs ^[3] with the support of the 30th American regiment and disarmed. Similar joint actions by the Czechs and the Americans were undertaken under the energetic pressure of the French general Maurice Janin ^[4] . General Skipetrov himself was captured by the Czechs. During the evacuation of the Czechoslovak Corps from Vladivostok in February 1920, he left for emigration.

In exile

He lived in Poland , then in the USA . The initiator of the creation of the Southern California Department of the Union of Russian Military Disabled, later named after him ^[5] .

Died in Los Angeles . Buried in West Hollywood ^[6] . The Order of St. George bequeathed to the "Association of Vilentsev", and in the future - to the Office of the Military Educational Institutions of Russia .

Bibliography

General list of officer ranks of the Russian imperial army in 1909. Comp. January 1, 1909 - St. Petersburg, 1909. - S. 853.
R. G. Schmaglit . White movement. 900 biographies of the largest representatives of the Russian military abroad. - M .: Zebra E, 2006. - ISBN 5-94663-202-7
E.V. Volkov , N.D. Egorov, I.V. Kuptsov. White generals of the Eastern Front of the Civil War. - M.: Russian Way , 2003. - ISBN 5-85887-169-0
D.V. Filatiev . The catastrophe of the White movement in Siberia. 1918-1922. - Paris : YMCA-Press , 1985.
V.I.Shaiditsky . In the service of the Fatherland. - San Francisco , 1963 .-- S. 89, 303, 438, 439, 479.
V.N. Chuvakov (comp.). Unforgettable graves. Russian Abroad: Obituaries 1917-1999. In 6 vols., 8 books. T. 6.1. “Pos-Skr” - Moscow: Pashkov House, 2005. - S. 588. - ISBN 5-7510-0325-X

External links

V.N. Chuvakov (comp.). Unforgettable graves. Russian Abroad: Obituaries 1917-1999. T. 6.1. Pos-Skr
Filatyev D.V. Catastrophe of the White movement in Siberia. 1918-1922. - Paris : YMCA-Press , 1985.
Biography in the book: A.V. Kvakin (comp.) With Kolchak - against Kolchak . - M .: Agraf , 2007 .-- ISBN 978-57784-0360-4
White movement in faces. Hronos biography
Biography on WhiteRussia. Eastern front
List of generals from Volkov, Egorov, Kuptsov. White Army (East)
P.A. Novikov . Anti-Bolshevik movement in the Trans-Baikal Army. // Almanac of the White Guard. № 8. Cossacks of Russia in the White movement. - M.: Sowing , 2005 .-- S. 280-283.
Photo from the Collection of photographs of S. V. Volkov

Notes

↑ One of the episodes (dispersal of the Manchurian City Council) was described by Ataman Semyonov himself in his book (“About Me.” - M .: AST, 2002. - P. 124.) : “... there are two questions on the agenda of the meeting: 1) about violation of revolutionary freedoms by Esaul Semenov and his attitude to him in connection with this and 2) the dispersal of the Constituent Assembly in Petrograd by the Bolsheviks. Having the agenda of the meeting on hand, I, with several officers armed with rifles, went to the Railway Assembly in cabs. Putting armed officers at all exits with orders not to let anyone in or out, I, accompanied by Lt. Col. Skipetrov, Podsaul Tirbakh and Lieutenant Tskhovrebashvili, quickly entered the courtroom and, rising to the pulpit, ordered: “Hands up!” The unexpectedness of my appearance and the decisiveness of the speech paralyzed any possibility of any resistance, not only from those present in the hall, but also from the large public in the corridors of the building. I demanded that everyone come up in turn with raised hands to the presidium table on the stage and lay down their weapons ... "
↑ P.A. Novikov . Civil war in Eastern Siberia (inaccessible link) . - M .: Tsentrpoligraf , 2005 .-- S. 182-183. - ISBN 5-9524-1400-1
↑ According to Semyonov’s version: “when the units of Skipetrov already occupied the entire Zvezdochka, the Czechs unexpectedly intervened. Referring to the order of Janin, they demanded to immediately stop the battle and withdraw troops to the station. Baikal, threatening, otherwise, use armed force. In confirmation, the Czechs advanced their Orlik armored train, which was stronger in terms of armament and equipment than our three combined. Due to the impossibility of contacting the city and the small number of detachments, Sikpetrov had no choice but to withdraw the units first to Art. Mikhalev, and then at Art. Baikal. The retreat of our units on the left bank of the Angara made the most painful impression on the garrison of Irkutsk, which also retreated to Listvennichnoye, and then crossed to st. Mikhaleva "At the station Undermine "Orlik" on January 9 were "eliminated" two Semenov armored trains, at the station Baikal was taken with battle by its own garrison, the headquarters of General Skipetrov, an armored train and an echelon of infantry. “At night, the Czechs threw an armored car with hand grenades, captured Sikpetrov, and 15 people were killed from the armored car.” Semenovtsy disarmed by the Czechs with the support of the 30th American regiment and at the stations Marituy, Slyudyanka, Kutulik. ( P. Novikov. Irkutsk in the fire of the civil war)
↑ Janin, Pierre Thibault-Charles-Maurice - French military leader and diplomat, since January 1919 - representative of the High Inter-Union Command and commander-in-chief of the Allied forces in Siberia and the Far East.
↑ Read more about the “Foreign Union of Russian Military Disabled People” (unopened) (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment April 19, 2010. Archived December 17, 2010.
↑ Virtual Vilensky Necropolis Archived on March 7, 2016.

[Один_из_эпизодов-1] One of the episodes (dispersal of the Manchurian City Council) was described by Ataman Semyonov himself in his book (“About Me.” - M .: AST, 2002. - P. 124.) : “... there are two questions on the agenda of the meeting: 1) about violation of revolutionary freedoms by Esaul Semenov and his attitude to him in connection with this and 2) the dispersal of the Constituent Assembly in Petrograd by the Bolsheviks. Having the agenda of the meeting on hand, I, with several officers armed with rifles, went to the Railway Assembly in cabs. Putting armed officers at all exits with orders not to let anyone in or out, I, accompanied by Lt. Col. Skipetrov, Podsaul Tirbakh and Lieutenant Tskhovrebashvili, quickly entered the courtroom and, rising to the pulpit, ordered: “Hands up!” The unexpectedness of my appearance and the decisiveness of the speech paralyzed any possibility of any resistance, not only from those present in the hall, but also from the large public in the corridors of the building. I demanded that everyone come up in turn with raised hands to the presidium table on the stage and lay down their weapons ... "

[П.А._Новиков-2] P.A. Novikov . Civil war in Eastern Siberia (inaccessible link) . - M .: Tsentrpoligraf , 2005 .-- S. 182-183. - ISBN 5-9524-1400-1

[По_версии-3] According to Semyonov’s version: “when the units of Skipetrov already occupied the entire Zvezdochka, the Czechs unexpectedly intervened. Referring to the order of Janin, they demanded to immediately stop the battle and withdraw troops to the station. Baikal, threatening, otherwise, use armed force. In confirmation, the Czechs advanced their Orlik armored train, which was stronger in terms of armament and equipment than our three combined. Due to the impossibility of contacting the city and the small number of detachments, Sikpetrov had no choice but to withdraw the units first to Art. Mikhalev, and then at Art. Baikal. The retreat of our units on the left bank of the Angara made the most painful impression on the garrison of Irkutsk, which also retreated to Listvennichnoye, and then crossed to st. Mikhaleva "At the station Undermine "Orlik" on January 9 were "eliminated" two Semenov armored trains, at the station Baikal was taken with battle by its own garrison, the headquarters of General Skipetrov, an armored train and an echelon of infantry. “At night, the Czechs threw an armored car with hand grenades, captured Sikpetrov, and 15 people were killed from the armored car.” Semenovtsy disarmed by the Czechs with the support of the 30th American regiment and at the stations Marituy, Slyudyanka, Kutulik. ( P. Novikov. Irkutsk in the fire of the civil war)

[Жанен-4] Janin, Pierre Thibault-Charles-Maurice - French military leader and diplomat, since January 1919 - representative of the High Inter-Union Command and commander-in-chief of the Allied forces in Siberia and the Far East.

[''Подробнее-5] Read more about the “Foreign Union of Russian Military Disabled People” (unopened) (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment April 19, 2010. Archived December 17, 2010.

[«Виртуальный-6] Virtual Vilensky Necropolis Archived on March 7, 2016.