Osterman, Marfa Ivanovna

She was the daughter of the late close boyar and stolnik Ivan Rodionovich Streshnev , the granddaughter of Rodion Streshnev , the “uncle” of Peter I. She had three brothers, of whom Peter Ivanovich rose to the rank of general general .

The engagement of Martha and Count Osterman took place on December 18, 1720, on the birthday of Tsarina Elizabeth Petrovna , in the palace apartments of Sovereign Peter Alekseevich, in the presence of many notable people. This engagement was arranged by Peter I himself, who wished to ensure the close connection of the talented foreigner with the Russian aristocracy.

This engagement, and after that the wedding, aroused great displeasure among the then nobility of Russia and seemed humiliating to the noble Russian people. Indeed, the twenty-two-year-old lady Martha Ivanovna was brought in by the great-great-granddaughter of the deceased queen Evdokia Lukyanovna , the grandmother of the sovereign himself, and was considered one of the rich brides, and her thirty-four-year-old bride was no more than a foreigner immigrant, pastor’s son ^[ and

The wedding was played on Sunday, January 21st, 1721. In addition to the rich giving, Osterman received the baronial title from the sovereign. Martha received a dowry in the village of Streshnevo in the Dankovsky district of the Ryazan province. After the death of his brother Vasily Streshnev, the estate at the beginning of Bozhedomsky Lane in Moscow (now the All-Russian Museum of Decorative, Applied and Folk Art ) passed into the Ostermanov clan, which came to the Streshnev clan through the father of Tsarina Evdokia Lukyanovna.

Her correspondence with her husband has been preserved, testifying to the strength of her affection.

Marfa Ivanovna loved her husband infinitely. Not shying away from the big light, she especially preferred to her her quiet, homely corner, which for three years every year gave her husband offspring. ^[2] .

She participated in a large masquerade in 1723, being dressed in a “Shkarmutsk dress”. In December 1725 she was granted the status of lady of the empress. Contemporaries accused her of stinginess and sloppiness. Von Manstein writes: "He received a large dowry from her, but she was one of the most evil creatures in the world."

After the coup of 1741, who enthroned Elizabeth Petrovna to the throne, her husband was sentenced to death, but on the chopping block he was pardoned and exiled to Berezov. Although the empress gave permission to the wives of the convicts in this case to remain in their estates, all of them followed their husbands into exile, as did Martha Ivanovna, faithfully caring for the sick, half-relaxed gout, in which her husband turned. “By virtue of the highest command, so that the morning dawn would not catch the exiles in the capital, Osterman and his wife, at the dusk of January 18, 1742, were equipped with a long journey” ^[2] .

The property of the Ostermans was confiscated. In exile in Berezovo, the couple spent 6 years, and when her husband died in January 1747, the highest decree on the release from Siberia of Countess Martha Ivanovna and the ministers who were with her only followed on June 21, 1749. For a voluntary exile with a decree on her release, a courier Artemy Karshaninov was sent to accompany the countess to Moscow. January 17, 1750 she arrived in Moscow.

In 1771, at the request of her son Fyodor, the Moscow Commander-in-Chief and Lieutenant-General, Archbishop of Moscow Ambrose (Zertis-Kamensky), due to weakness and old age, the Dowager Countess Martha Ivanovna Osterman allowed the construction of a house church in the estate of Poltevo “in peace in the name of Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary with a moving antimins . "

She lived in Moscow until her death, which followed on February 24, 1781, 84 years old from birth. She was buried in the Trinity Church, built by her son Fedor, in the village of Krasnoye, Sapozhkovsky district, Ryazan province.

1. Peter (March 21, 1722 - May 1, 1723)
2. Osterman, Fedor Andreevich (April 11) 1723 - November 10 (21), 1804)
3. Anna (April 22, 1724-1769), married Tolstoy, grandmother of Count Alexander Ivanovich Osterman-Tolstoy .
4. Osterman, Ivan Andreevich (April 25, 1725 - April 18-18, 1811)

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  Andrey Ivanovich

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  Fedor

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  Anna

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  Ivan

• Mentioned in Pikul ’s novel “Word and Deed”
• Vsevolod Solovyov in his book “The Young Emperor” writes about her: “Baroness Marfa Ivanovna Osterman, nee Streshneva, was conceived by Andrei Ivanovich Peter the Great himself, and in a few years of a happy family life somehow even turned in appearance into a German Frau” .
• In the series of films “ Secrets of Palace Coups ”, her role is played by Marina Yakovleva

• Marfa Osterman at the Rodovod . Tree of ancestors and descendants