Obzha is a unit of area for land tax in Novgorod land in the 15th — 16th centuries [1] . It was equal to the area of land that was plowed with the help of one horse during one day of light [2] .
To the question of Ivan III to Novgorod [3] : what is their plow ? they answered:
 | 3 obzh plow, and obzh one person on one horse yelling |  |
The burnings were called holders ( plow arms or sushi ) reinforced to a castle or rasokha [4] , that is, the etymology is similar to similar land tax units, see for example a plow (unit of measure) .
At the end of the XV century, the Novgorod plow was 3 obzam. Moscow - 10 Novgorod and was a taxable district of different sizes in different areas of the state.
In 1556, the estate in 16 obezh was replaced by 300 Moscow quarters , which amounted to 20 quarters for burn-in - in 1593, 7 obesques without a third were 67 quarters without a third; there are about four quarters per round. From 1568, we have an example of double burning: one plot in Osnachevskaya village is listed as a third quarter for obrochnaya hundredth, and for a three-fourths bill of sale for fattening. The boundary instructions of 1754 and 1766 were ordered to measure 10 to 25 quarters or 5 dessiatinas per field. In the XVI century, there was also a small scab [3] .
Russian agricultural proverb [4] :
| Burn wet - in rye broom [5] | |
Notes
- ↑ Obzh - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- ↑ Dengub V. M., Smirnov V. G. Units of magnitude. Dictionary reference. - M .: Standards Publishing House, 1990. - p. 91. - 240 p. - ISBN 5-7050-0118-5 .
- ↑ 1 2 Obzh // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons. (82 tons and 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ 1 2 Cook // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : in 4 t. / Ed.-ed. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : M.O. Wolf Typography, 1880–1882.
- ↑ sow rye in wet weather - not a freak
Literature
- Obzha // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.