JCB (or JC Bamford Excavators Ltd ) is a British company, one of the world's largest manufacturers of heavy construction equipment. The company produces more than 300 different types of machines, including backhoe loaders, Loadall telescopic loaders, crawler and wheel excavators , wheel loaders , articulated dump trucks , all-terrain forklift trucks , mini excavators, skid steer loaders, JCB Vibromax forklift trucks and landcare equipment for the Groundcare series. In addition, for use in agriculture, the company offers a range of telescopic loaders and a unique Fastrac tractor. For use in the industrial sector, JCB also produces the Teletruk forklift.
JCB (JC Bamford Excavators Ltd) | |
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Type of | Private company |
Base | 1945 |
Founders | |
Location | United Kingdom Rochester , Kent |
Industry | Engineering |
Products | construction, earthmoving, agricultural machinery, power plants. |
Turnover | £ 2.25 billion ( 2007 ) |
Number of employees | 11 thousand people |
Site | jcb.com |
18 JCB plants are located on four continents: eleven of them are in the UK, three in India and one each in the USA, China, Germany and Brazil.
JCB was founded in 1945 by Joseph Cyril Bamford, whose name is his initials. Today, the company offers products in more than 150 countries and employs 11,000 people. [one]
Content
History
XX century
Until October 1945, 29-year-old Joseph Cyril Bamford worked at the enterprise Bamfords Ltd, producing agricultural equipment. For 1 pound, Joseph bought a used electric welding machine from English Electric , and on October 23, 1945, the day Anthony's son was born, he opened his own workshop in a garage shot at 30 shillings a week. Bamford made a trailer for a tractor out of scrap metal, painted it and put it on sale in the local market, requesting 90 pounds. Three weeks later, the trailer was able to be sold to a local farmer: he offered in exchange his old cart and 45 pounds. Joseph repaired the cart and sold it a week later in the same market for the same 45 pounds.
"I eventually got my way - I earned, as planned, 90 pounds," Mr. Bamford recalled later. For those times, 90 pounds was a lot of money. A lot of people at Attoxeter worked for 1.5 pounds a week.
After that, a bank loan was taken, but a week later a notice came in about the return of funds, due to a “credit crunch” during the week. Thus, the first postulate of the company's business was formed: no one should take any loans. The decision to develop without attracting investments from the side marked the beginning of a peculiar system of production, marketing and branding , which allowed Bumford to lead his company into the world leaders in the market of construction equipment.
The first trailer, made by Bumford in 1945, was equipped with a manual mechanism, with the help of which the body lifted at an angle over the chassis, and all the contents were poured out of it. The self-unloading trailer immediately began to be in great demand among the neighboring farmers, who previously unloaded their carts by hand. In 1947, Bamford improved the trailer, equipping it with a hydraulic lift ; now the tractor driver could empty the trailer without getting off the seat.
In 1953, the first in Europe universal excavator loader Mk 1 was born. It was from that moment that JCB shifted its emphasis to the production of construction equipment. The company's turnover by the end of the 1950s exceeded 3 million pounds. Almost all the profits Bamford invested in the expansion of production and design development, modifying their machines so that they "to the smallest nuances correspond to the needs of customers."
In 1960, JCB tractors entered the North American market.
By 1964, JCB sold more than 3,000 backhoe loaders. The following year, the 360-degree JCB excavator first appeared on the market.
In 1978, the machine Loadall was released. A year later, JCB began its operations in India.
In 1991, the company entered into a joint venture with Sumitomo in Japan for the production of excavators.
Subsequently, manufacturing plants were opened in Georgia in the USA and in Brazil.
XXI century
Production of the first diesel engine, the JCB444, fully developed and manufactured by JCB, began in 2004.
In 2005, JCB acquired the German company Vibromax ( Eng. ). In the same year, the company opened a new plant in China in Shanghai ( Pudong district).
By 2006, 4000 employees worked at JCB, twice as many as in 1975.
In 2009, JCB management announced that the manufacturing center in India will become the world's largest loader manufacturer.
Currently, JCB employs over 8,000 people worldwide.
JCB in the world
18 JCB plants are located on four continents: eleven of them are in the UK, three in India and one each in the USA, China, Germany and Brazil. The company sells its products in 150 countries of the world through 1500 dealers.
There are more than 300 products on the market.
The company's headquarters is located in Rocester, United Kingdom, which is also a production site for backhoe loaders and telescopic handlers. Three factories are located in the county of Staffordshire (JCB Earthmovers, JCB Landpower and JCB Compact Products), one in Raghley (JCB Cab Systems), three in Uttoxeter (JCB Attachments, JCB Heavy Products and JCB World Parts Center), one in Foston in Derbyshire (JCB Power Systems) and one in Wrexham in North Wales (JCB Transmissions).
Construction of the plant in China was completed in 2005 near Shanghai . Products are sold through franchised dealers, many of which are often exclusive and cover entire countries.
Logo
The official JCB logo appeared in 1953. The company's advertising won numerous awards, particularly for photography. The logo was designed by Leslie Smith, the slope level is set at 18 degrees from horizontal and 22 degrees from vertical.
Excavators
JCB offers a wide range of wheel and tracked hydraulic excavators , small and middle class, with a working weight of 13 - 47 tons and a bucket volume of 0.32 - 2.25 cubic meters.
Compact excavators , with a working weight of 950 - 8250kg
And universal Backhoe Loaders - These products ( 3CX and 4CX models) are most popular in Russia.
JCB Fastrac
In 1991, production of Fastrac integral tractors began . Now the series has 8 models with a capacity of 160-260 hp. (119–194 kW). The cars have four-wheel drive with a differential lock, a front axle with wheels of increased diameter and width commensurate with the rear track, the Cummins engine is located at the front, and the cabin is between the axles. This scheme provides a more uniform distribution of loads. Fastrac tractors have a high speed on the highway, where they can reach more than 70 km / h.
Model | Engine | Power, hp (kW) | Torque Nm. | Gross weight, kg | Maximum speed, km / h |
2155 | Cummins QSB6.7 | 160ls (119kW) 2200r / min | 641Nm at 1500 rpm | 6845kg | 59.5 km / h |
2170 | Cummins QSB6.7 | 170HL (127kW) 2200R / min | 675Nm at 1500 rpm | 6845kg | 59.5 km / h |
3200 | Cummins QSB6.7 | 193ls (144kW) 2300r / min | 762Nm at 1500 rpm | 7277kg | 70,5km / h |
3230 | Cummins QSB6.7 | 220ls (164kW) 2300r / min | 837Nm at 1500 rpm | 7277kg | 70,5km / h |
7170 | Cummins QSB6.7 | 173ls (129kW) 2200r / min | 799Nm at 1500 rpm | 9150kg | 69km / h |
7200 | Cummins QSB6.7 | 193ls (144kW) 2200r / min | 931Nm at 1300rpm | 9150kg | 69km / h |
7230 | Cummins QSB6.7 | 220ls (164kW) 2200r / min | 949Nm at 1300rpm | 9150kg | 69km / h |
8250 | Cummins QSB8.3 | 260HP (194kW) 2200R / min | 1179Nm at 1200 rpm | 10,000kg | 69km / h |
Dump trucks
JCB produces three articulated dump trucks
Model | Load capacity, t | Gross weight, t | Power, l. with. | Torque Nm | Wheel formula | Maximum speed, km / h |
714 | 13 | 23.1 | 156 (1900 rpm) | 630 (1300 rpm) | 4 × 4 | 40 |
718 | 16.3 | 28,8 | 177 (2000 rpm) | 786 (1300 rpm) | 4 × 4 | 50 |
722 | 20 | 37 | 270 (2000 rpm) | 990 (1500 rpm) | 6 × 6 | 46 |
JCB Dieselmax
On August 23, 2006, in the vastness of the dried-up Lake Bonneville (Bonneville), the prototype JCB Dieselmax under the control of the pilot Andy Green (Andy Green) set a new world speed record for diesel vehicles - 563.418 km / h . The previous record was set in 1973 and was - 379.4 km / h.
JCB Dieselmax
The power plant - two diesel engines JCB 444 with a common rail system, with a volume of 4400 cubic cm.
Power (each motor) - 750 hp (560kW) at 3800 rpm
Torque (each motor) - 1500 Nm (1105 lb.ft) at 2000 rpm
Transmission - double 6-speed.
D / Sh / V dimensions - 9091/1145/979 mm
Wheelbase - 5878 mm
Front / rear track - 800/600 mm
Weight - 2700 kg
Fuel tank - 9 liters
Aerodynamic resistance (drag coefficient) - 0.147
JCB Academy
JCB sponsors the JCB Academy , a new high school at Rocester. The first student enrollment was made in September 2010.
In popular culture
- In 1958, singer Lenny Green sang a song called JCB and Me.
- In the UK, the teletubbies version contains footage of vehicles in queues. In one of the rows, JCB hydraulics is depicted.
- JCB gets international fame after being mentioned in the eponymous song “JCB” to the music of Nizlopi, which achieved the status of UK Number One. A song about a boy who goes to work with his father for one day.
- The JCB excavator model (Set 8862) is presented in the Lego constructor, complete with a working hydraulics system (simulated using pneumatics) and other specific features of the original.
- In series 9 of Top Gear, Jeremy Clarkson bought the JCB Fastrac 8250.
- One excavator appears in the television show Sunday Morning - 1985 under the famous song song by The Bolshoi. Three members of the group are on the excavator while Trevor Tanner (singer) is lying on the sofa.