Tu, Jacques Auguste

De Tu studied law at the universities of Orleans , Bourges, and Valance , where he attended Cuyation lectures and was a friend of Scaliger . Returning to Paris, de Tou witnessed the St. Bartholomew’s Night , which made him a passionate advocate of toleration. At the insistence of de Tu's family, he entered the clergy and in 1573 , after the ordination of his uncle to the bishops, replaced him for the post of canon of the Paris Cathedral of Our Lady . Since that time, began to collect his famous library.

In 1573, he accompanied the embassy of Paul de Foix to Italy, visiting most of the Italian capitals — since the most important universities were located in these same cities, this allowed de Tu to reduce familiarity with many prominent scientists. In 1574 , de Tu was part of the embassy that accompanied Henry III from Poland to France for the coronation of the French crown. At the turn of the 1570-1580s. de Tuis spent a lot of time in Bordeaux , in 1581 he participated in peace negotiations with the Huguenots , met Heinrich of Navarre , and became close friends with Montaigne ^[2] .

In 1582, Tu's father died, and he left the spiritual title to devote himself entirely to the magistracy. When Henry III escaped from Paris in 1588, Tu followed him and was appointed a member of the State Council. A few days before the murder of Giza, Tu was sent by the king to Paris, where he barely escaped from the hands of the ligists. Returning to Blois, he and Duplessi-Morne arranged a union between the king and Heinrich of Navarre and went to Germany to ask for help from the Protestant princes.

Having received the news of the death of Henry III, Tu immediately recognized King Henry IV and assiduously assisted him in the war for the crown. Together with Sully, he reconciled the king with the rebellious princes and edited the edict of Nantes ; opposed the adoption in France of the decisions of the Council of Trent as violating the rights of the Gallican church.

After the death of Henry IV, Maria Medici removed Sully and entrusted the superintendence with three supervisors, including Tu, but in 1611 severely insulted him by not appointing him to the position of the first president of parliament. On this occasion, Cardinal Richelieu wrote in his “Memoirs”: “in order to achieve the removal of de Tu, the ministers urged the queen that many would suffer from his cruelty, that, in addition to his character, which pushed him to treat uncompromisingly those above him, he he behaved so as to have the right to be very impolite with her, that he also behaved with the late king, who tolerated him by virtue of his extraordinary kindness ” ^[3] . He retired from state life and only shortly before his death once again rendered a service to the court, arranging his reconciliation with Prince Condé (1616).

“The history of its time” was for Tu the main task of life. His father wondered about her even more and collected a huge amount of materials. After many years of preparatory work, T. in 1581 began to compile his work. In 1603, the first 18 books were prepared that expounded events from 1546 to 1560. The appearance in the public of various brochures and essays issued as excerpts from T.’s work forced him to publish the finished part. She appeared in 1604 under the name "JA Thuani Historiarum sui temporis pars I".

The writing of Tu aroused a general interest and, on the orders of Henry IV, was immediately translated into French. Written in excellent Latin, it is the main source for the history of both the religious wars in France and the contemporary events in Europe. It is especially valuable because T. writes about most of the events as an eyewitness, distinguished by a rare impartiality.

Infused with tolerance, it caused a cruel hatred of extreme Catholics and Jesuits, who succeeded in making it in the list of prohibited books in 1609. The 2nd part of the History (1560–1572) was published in 1606, the 3rd (1572–1574) - in 1607, the 4th (1574–1584) - in 1608 T. wanted to bring his “History” to the death of Henry IV, supposing to write only 143 books, but death interrupted his work in 1607 and in the 138th book.

The last part of it was completed and published after his death by his friends Dupuy and Rigault in 1620. In addition, in response to criticism of the Jesuit Macau (Ingolsht., 1614) T. wrote in his defense “Thuani commentarius de vita sua” and memoirs, covering the time period from 1553 to 1601 and published in 1620. Other works by T .: De re accipitraria (P., 1584); "Metaphrasis poëtica librorum sacrorum aliquot" (Tours, 1588-1599); Posteritati (Amster., 1618; collection of poems).

The best edition of the works of T. gave the British Buckley and Carte (Lond., 1733). From this edition a French translation by DeFonten and Lebo (Par., 1734) was made. See Phil Chasles, "Discourses sur la vie et les ouvrages de JA de Thou" (P. 1824); Patin, id. (Par., 1824); Guérard, id. (P., 1824); Düntzer, "JA Thou's Leben, Schriften und historische Kunst" (Darmstadt, 1837).

His son Francois-Augus de Tu (1607-1642) traveled extensively in Europe; on his return to Paris, he was appointed Secretary of State. T. was a mediator in the correspondence of the Duchess of Chevreuse with the queen about the overthrow of Richelieu . The correspondence fell into the hands of the cardinal, and T. lost his trust forever.

Closely converging with Saint-Marre, the son of de Tou was, against his will, involved in a plot against Richelieu. When Saint-Mar , Duke of Orleans and Duke of Burgundy concluded a treatise with Spain, de Tu was against him. A copy of the treatise came to Richelieu and Francois-Augus de Tu, along with S.-Mar, were sentenced to beheading. The relative de Tu was printed “Mémoire pour servir à la justification de Francois-Auguste de-Thou”.

• Tu, de. Legends (Neopr.) . Eastern literature . The appeal date is May 18, 2011. Archived on August 23, 2011.