The Tashebinsky palace is an architectural monument of the Hunno - Sarmatian era of the 1st century. BC e. in Khakassia .
It was located between the rivers. Abakan and p. Tasheba , 8 km south-west of Abakan near the village. Chapaeva . It was discovered during road works in 1940 , excavations were carried out in 1941 , 1944 , 1945 by the staff of the State Historical Museum L. A. Evtyukhova and Minusinsky - V. P. Levasheva.
Content
Architecture
Under the swollen hill with a diameter of up to 60 m, a height of 0.6-1.8 m, the ruins of the palace were opened 35x45 m, oriented to the cardinal points, with a common entrance from the south. The palace with a total area of 1,500 m² was built without a foundation on a level ground. The floor and mud walls were preserved to a height of 1.8 m and reached up to 2 m of thickness. In total, the palace consisted of 20 rooms, each with an area of 28-30 m². In addition, in the central part there was a large square hall with an area of 132 m². Enfilades of 6 rooms adjoined it on each side, and 4 rooms in two rows were located on the eastern and western parts. The main entrance to the palace was on the south side, the rooms were interconnected by doors. Support pillars, dams, roof rafters , lintels and doors of numerous rooms are made of wood. Under the adobe floor, heating system channels connected 3-4 rooms passed in the form of shallow grooves up to 0.5 m wide, furnished with sandstone tiles. Hot air was heated in stoves and discharged through exhaust pipes outside the building. Some rooms were allegedly heated by braziers .
Finds
The walls at the entrance to the building were decorated with clay tiles with a stamped Christmas tree pattern. The doors of the central hall were decorated with massive bronze handles in the form of a horned-nosed monster in the three-horned crown, with sideburns , a mustache and bared teeth. A movable ring to open the door was inserted into his nose.
The few things found during excavations of the palace are typical and typical of the time: an iron single-blade knife with a massive ring on the handle, an iron sleeve - a “cave”, a whetstone, parts of an oval saucer made of light green jade, a coral bead, and ashes. earring, fragments of blood vessels. Pottery was of local manufacture, the same as in the monuments of the Tashtyk culture. Only one vessel was obviously imported - the Hun.
The palace building was covered with roof tiles in the form of quadrangular slightly concave disks, the joints between which covered semi-cylindrical gutters. The face disks of the grooved tiles, fixed at the ends of the rafters along the edge of the roof, had Chinese characters embossed with two stamps on raw clay. The text is written on all the tiles: "To the son of heaven, a thousand autumn and ten thousand years in the spring of joy without sorrow." Around the ruins of the building were found the remains of an adobe fence with towers from the entrance gates surrounding the manor of the palace.
The creation of the palace was associated with the legendary Chinese commander Li Lin , captured by the Huns in 99 BC. e. and appointed governor of the northern lands.
After the cessation of existence and collapse of the palace, the large hill formed was used as a place for the construction of late Tashtyk graves and sacrifices in the Middle Ages and in ethnographic time.
Notes
Literature
- Evtyukhova L.A. Southern Siberia in antiquity // Following the traces of ancient cultures. From the Volga to the Pacific Ocean. M., 1954.P. 195-224.
- Kyzlasov L.R. Hun Palace on the Yenisei. M., 2001