Pavlov, Nikolai Filippovich

Nikolai Pavlov's mother, a Georgian by birth, was taken out of the Persian campaign in 1797 by Count Valerian Alexandrovich Zubov and subsequently came to the landowner Vladimir Mikhailovich Grushetsky, whom she soon became a concubine. In his estate of the Tambov province (Penki village of Elatom district ) the future writer was born. He was assigned to the family of the courtyard Grushetsky Philip Pavlov, from whom he received his last name and patronymic.

He received a good initial home education: he studied geometry, foreign languages ​​- French, German, Latin. After the death of V. M. Grushetsky, in 1811, he was released into freedom by the eldest son of Grushetsky. After some time, he was enrolled as a self-employed (on his own support) pupil of the Moscow Theater School , since 1816 he was enrolled as a state-owned (on state content) pupil. At this time, he began to act as an actor and as a writer. He translated a number of plays from French, which, although they were not published, were staged in Moscow and St. Petersburg, took part in performances staged at the Bodrino estate of F.F. Kokoshkin , Moscow Region, which took him under his protection.

After graduating from the Theater School in 1821, for several months he was an actor in a theater troupe, making his debut in ballet. However, studying at the school did not satisfy him, and since 1820 he began to attend lectures by professors at Moscow University . In February 1822, on the pretext of illness, he quit the theater and in September of that year entered the department of moral and political sciences at Moscow University, after which in 1825 ( candidate of law) he entered the Moscow Theater Directorate, where he stayed, however, not for long. In 1827-1831 he served as an assessor of the 1st Department of the Moscow Court of the Court .

In 1837, married a second marriage to the poetess and translator Caroline Yanish . The Pavlovs House on Rozhdestvensky Boulevard , with its “Tuesdays”, then with “Thursdays”, in the 1840s became one of the main centers of Moscow cultural life.

He died after a long and serious illness. He was buried at Pyatnitsky cemetery in Moscow. His grave has not been preserved.

He began his literary work in the 1820s with translations for the theater that were not printed. He made his debut in print of the fable "Sequins" ( 1822 ). In the 1820s he published poetry in the almanacs and magazines Mnemozina , Moscow Bulletin , Moscow Telegraph , Galatea . In 1829, he was elected a full member of the Society of lovers of Russian literature . In the early 1830s he collaborated in Telescope and Molva .

In 1831 he published the first translations in Russia from Honore de Balzac . He translated in verse the French alteration of Schiller ’s tragedy “Mary Stuart” (Moscow, 1825 ), prose - “The Merchant of Venice” by Shakespeare (“ Domestic Notes ”, 1839 ).

The stories about the fate of the serf musician (“Name Day”), the tragedy of the disenfranchised soldier (“Yatagan”) and “Auction” composed Pavlov’s book “Three Tales” ( 1835 ), which brought him fame and aroused approving comments from A. S. Pushkin , P. Y. Chaadaev , V. G. Belinsky .

The collection "New Tales" ("Masquerade", "Demon", "Million"; 1839 ) was not very successful.

He wrote several vaudeville , several critical and journalistic articles, the book "On the sources and forms of Russian fables" ( 1859 ).

He published several poems and articles in the " Russian Herald " in 1856 - 1859 , which had a resonance. He published the newspaper " Our Time " ( 1860 - 1863 ), then "Russian Gazette" ( 1863 - 1864 ).

• Pavlov N.F. Life and deeds of Vezdesuev, with all his memorable incidents. Moral and satirical novel. - St. Petersburg, 1835 .
• Pavlov N.F. The lawsuit of two oblique, or not boasted, going to court, and boasted, having left the court. Moral-satirical novel, borrowed from the tradition of the XVIII century. - St. Petersburg, 1836 .
• Pavlov N.F. Three stories. - M., 1835 .
• Pavlov N.F. New Stories. - St. Petersburg, 1839 .
• Pavlov N.F. Three stories. - L., 1931 .
• Pavlov N.F. Tales and verses. - M., 1957 .
• Pavlov N. F. Compositions ^[2] / Comp., Ed. after and note. L. M. Krupchanov. - M .: Owls. Russia, 1985 . - 304 p.

• Pavlov, Nikolai Filippovich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
• Pavlov, Nikolai Filippovich // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Pavlov, Nikolai Filippovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : in 66 volumes (65 volumes and 1 additional) / Ch. ed. O. Yu. Schmidt . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1926-1947.
• Pavlov, Nikolai Filippovich - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
• Pavlov N.F .: Bibliographic information // Russian writers. Bibliographic dictionary. T. 2: M — I. / Edited by P. A. Nikolaev. - M .: Education, 1990.
• Vilchinsky V.P. Nikolai Filippovich Pavlov. - L., 1970 .

• Pavlov, Nikolai Filippovich in the library of Maxim Moshkov