The West Siberian Economic Region is one of the 12 economic regions of the Russian Federation , consists of 9 constituent entities of the Federation : Tyumen Oblast (Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug), Omsk Oblast, Tomsk Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast, Altai Krai, Kemerovo Oblast, Altai Republic .
Economic and geographical position
The West Siberian economic region covers an area that is larger than the natural region known as Western Siberia . This is due to the fact that in addition to the West Siberian Plain , it also includes Altai and the foothills of the Western Sayan . The area is adjacent to the industrial Urals , regions of Eastern Siberia and Kazakhstan , rich in mineral resources [1] . The area is located at the intersection of railway and large rivers. It has a state border with Kazakhstan, access to the Arctic Ocean, the Northern Sea Route.
Natural conditions and resources
Vast areas of Western Siberia are occupied by swamps , tundra and taiga forests . Taiga sod-podzolic soils are very boggy and without land reclamation are practically unsuitable for agricultural use. The most favorable for agriculture natural conditions of the southern parts of the region, located in the steppe and forest-steppe zones.
Mineral resources:
π» Natural gas (Yamal-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug)
π» Oil (Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug)
π» Coal (Kuznetsk coal basin - Kemerovo region)
π» Iron ore (Mountain Shoria - Kemerovo region)
π» Polymetallic ores (Altai)
Administrative division
Area - 2,427.2 thousand square meters. km
- Novosibirsk region
- Omsk region
- Tomsk region
- Kemerovo region
- Tyumen region
- Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area
- Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
- Altai Republic
- Altai region
Population
The population is 16,593,236 people ( 2010 ). The third largest region of the country and the most densely populated in the eastern economic zone. There are 2 millionaire cities - Novosibirsk , Omsk . The level of urbanization (urban population) is 71%.
The population of the district is multinational. In addition to Russians, who make up almost 90% of the population, Tatars , Khanty , Mansi , Nenets , Selkups , Evenks , Altaians , Shors, and other nationalities live in the region [1] .
Economics
Extraction of oil , gas , iron ore , coal .
The main industry of the region's specialization is the fuel industry , which produces more than 70% of oil, about 85% of gas and 40% of coal [1] .
The main areas of specialization: oil and gas, chemical and forestry, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, electricity, engineering. Agriculture grain-livestock direction. The main crop is spring wheat.
See also
- Asian part of Russia
Notes
- β 1 2 3 Eugene Kaysin. Textbook Geography Grade 9 Domogatsky download . www.yangteacher.ru. Date of treatment April 8, 2017.