Vingulmark ( dr. Scand. Vingulmǫrk ) is the historical region of Norway, which includes Estfall , the western part of Akershus (excluding Rumerike ), the eastern part of Buskerud (the communes of Hurum and Röyken ) and the territory of Oslo . According to the royal sagas , in the Viking era was an independent kingdom.
Etymology
The name Wingulmark consists of two parts. The first element of Wingull ( dr. Scand. Vingull ) is the likely ancient name of the Oslo Fjord . Probably, the etymology of the word Wingull originates from the form of the fjord and from the word dr-scand. vingr - swing, turn.
The second element of the mark comes from the common German word meaning a forest belt, a border.
History and Testimony
Archaeological finds indicate rich burials at the mouth of the Glomma River, in Onseya , Rolvseye and Tyun , where the Tyun ship was found.
There is evidence that at least the southern part of Wingulmark was under Danish rule at the end of the 9th century. Thus, Ottar , who recorded his journey at the court of the English king Alfred the Great , testifies that, sailing south from Skiringssal , Denmark was on his left side for three days, which should also include part of Wingulmark.
In Circle of the Earth , Snorri Sturluson wrote that Wingulmark was recaptured from Swedish king Eric Emundsson by King Harald the Fair-haired as part of a campaign to unite Norway.
In the Middle Ages, the concept of Wingulmark was narrowed to an administrative unit, which included Oslo , Berum and Asker .
Rulers
The rulers of the Wingulmark saga are called the more or less legendary kungs:
- Goodood the Hunter , part of Wingulmark;
- Alvgeir, and his son Gandalv Alvgeirsson ;
- Halvdan Black ;
- Olaf Haraldsson Geirstadalf ;
- Tryggvi Olafsson ;
- Harald Grenske