Thing

A thing is one of the main ontological categories, a separate object of the material world, possessing relative independence , objectivity and stability of existence. In the general sense, a thing characterizes a quantitative characteristic of matter . The definiteness of a thing is given by its structural , functional , qualitative and quantitative characteristics . The most common expression of the own characteristics of a thing are its properties , and the place and role of a given thing in a certain system is expressed through its relations with other things.

A thing is in law the subject of the external (material) world, which is in its natural state in nature or created by human labor; the main object of the property relationship . Things are divided into the following categories:

• movable and immovable;
• generic features and individually-defined things;
• divisible and indivisible;
• consumable and non-consumable.

Real estate (real estate, real estate) includes land plots , subsoil plots and everything that is firmly connected with the land, that is, objects whose movement is impossible without disproportionate damage to their purpose, including buildings, structures, and construction in progress. Immovable things also include air and sea vessels, inland vessels, and space objects subject to state registration. Other property may also be referred to as immovable property. Things not related to real estate, including money and securities , are recognized as movable property. Registration of rights to movable things is not required, except as specified in the law .

An individually-defined thing is a thing that is distinguished by its inherent properties and characteristics, which allow it to be distinguished from the total mass of other similar things. A thing defined by generic attributes is a thing that is not unique, similar to other things, common generic attributes.

An indivisible thing is a thing whose division in kind is impossible without changing its purpose. A divisible thing is a thing whose section is possible without changing its purpose.

A consumed thing is a thing that is destroyed or significantly changed in a single act of use (for example, processing of raw materials). Non-consumable items wear when used, but do not lose significant initial properties for a considerable time (cars, residential buildings, furniture, etc.).

The main thing and its belonging also differ. A thing intended for the maintenance of another, main thing and related to it by a general purpose (belonging) follows the fate of the main thing, unless the contract provides otherwise.

Things are divided into workable, withdrawn from circulation, limited in circulation.

In the spoken language has developed many stable combinations with the word thing , and this is reflected in many works of culture.

• With things on the way out - an expression of prison slang , meaning, as a rule, a change in the further place of detention, is used as a common stamp .
• Here is this thing! - expression of surprise or interest.

• Uemov AI, Things, properties and relations, M., 1963
• Toporov, V.N., A Thing in an Anthropocentric Perspective, Aequinox. M., 1993, p. 70-94
• E. Torchinov. Thing and materiality in Chinese and European philosophy // Torchinov, E. A. Paths of the philosophy of East and West: Knowledge of the beyond. SPb., 2005, p. 85-95
• N. G. Anarina. Sacred corporality of the Japanese art thing // A thing in Japanese culture. M .: Vost. lit., 2003, p. 185—201
• Baudrillard J. The System of Things. 1968.
• The concept of things in Slavic cultures: Collection / Russian Academy of Sciences , Institute of Slavic Studies ; Editorial Board: N. V. Zlydneva (Executive Editor), A. V. Semenova, D. K. Polyakova. - M .: Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2012. - 384 p. - 300 copies - ISBN 978-5-7576-0252-3 .

• Civil Code of the Russian Federation