Buyukada ( tour. Büyükada - “big island”; Prinkopo , Greek. Ρίγκηπος - “prince”; Big Island ) is the largest island among the Prince Islands in the Sea of Marmara near Istanbul . The area of the island is 5.36 km², the population is 7335 people [1] (2000).
| Buyukada | |
|---|---|
| tour. Büyükada | |
 port on Buyukada | |
| Specifications | |
| Square | 5.36 km² |
| Highest point | 203 m |
| Population | 7335 people (2000) |
| Population density | 1368.47 p / km² |
| Location | |
| Water area | Marmara Sea |
| A country |
|
| Il | Istanbul |
| Ilche | Adalar |
Content
Geography
Located 2.3 km south of the coast, from which it is separated by the Buyukada Strait. Officially, Buyukada Island belongs to the Istanbul District of Adalar . It is divided into two districts - Nizam and Maden.
The main part of residential development is concentrated on the north and north-east side of the island, where the village of Buyukada is located. On the western coast is the settlement of Nizam, on the northeast - Tepekoy [2] . The southern, more mountainous part of the island is practically uninhabited.
The island consists of two hills. The hill in the southern part is called Yorgi, its height is 211 m. The hill located on the northern part of the island is called Christ. In the valley between the hills is the church and monastery of St. Nicholas (Agios Nicholas) and the former fairground, called Luna Park. In the western part of the island there is Dil Burnu cape (Dil Burnu), and in the south of the island there is a beach.
On the island there are mosques, Orthodox, Catholic and Armenian churches, a synagogue .
History
In the Byzantine era, the island was a place of reference for notable people. There were also monasteries here. At the beginning of the 14th century, a wave of Greek refugees from Asia Minor, who were seeking salvation from the advancing Turks, covered it [3] .
At the beginning of the 20th century, villas were built on Buyukade by the Sultan and his entourage.
After the revolution, Prince Dmitry Borisovich Golitsyn lived on the island, who died here in 1920 and was buried in the cemetery of the local Orthodox church. After being expelled from the USSR in February 1929, Leon Trotsky lived on the Buyukade for four years . [four]
Until the 1950s (the pogrom of Istanbul ), a significant part of the island’s population were Greek fishermen, as well as wealthy Greeks, Jews and Armenians [5] .
Modernity
The population is about 7 thousand people [5] . As on other islands of the archipelago, the only permitted form of public transport here is horse-drawn . Residents (except for employees of special services) and travelers move around the island on foot, by bicycle, horse-drawn carts and donkeys; Climbing Mount Yorgi is only possible on foot or on horseback.
Attractions
The following Orthodox churches and monasteries are located on the island:
- The monastery of St. George Kudun , founded, as is commonly believed, in 963, [6] - on the top of a southern hill, the highest point of the island
- Monastery "Christ" (Transfiguration) - on the top of the northern hill
- St. Nicholas Church and Monastery (Agios Nicholas, Aziz Nicola Rum manastir) - between two hills on the east bank
- Church of Dimitri Solunsky ( Greek Ναός τοῦ Ἅγίου Δημητρίου Μυροβλύτου ) built in 1856 in the main settlement of the island (Alacam Sokak 17)
- temple "Panagia" at the parking of phaetons
The Hamidiye Camii Mosque was built by Sultan Abdul Hamid II 1892-1893; There is a synagogue , Catholic and Armenian churches. A number of mansions built by the Greek rich in the late Ottoman era have been preserved. The desolation continues to be the largest wooden building in Europe [7] , known as the “Greek shelter” (Prinkipo Palace) on the Christ Hill (İsa Tepesi): the building was built by a French company in 1898 as a hotel and casino , but its opening was not permission received from Abdul Hamid and it served as a shelter for children of Greek origin from 1903 to 1964; In June 2010, the Patriarchate won a lawsuit in the European Court of Human Rights against the government of Turkey on the ownership of the building and plans to restore it [8] [9] .
Gallery
The house where L. D. Trotsky lived in 1929-1933
Horse carriage
Central square with a statue of Ataturk
Ferry Pier
Mosque
Hotel Splendid Palace Hotel (1908)
Historic Splendid Palace Hotel (1908) near the port of Buyukada
Aerial view of the island
Typical street
Typical Ottoman Mansion in Buyukade
Typical Ottoman Mansion in Buyukade
Houses of the Ottoman era on the streets of Buyukada
Famous natives
- Photius II - Patriarch of Constantinople (1929-1935).
Notes
- ↑ Büyükada at Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality website
- ↑ Topographic maps of the General Staff.
- ↑ Byzantium 1220 to 1330 | Byzantine Empire | Constantinople
- ↑ Sayers M., Kahn A. Chapter XVI. The emergence of the "fifth column". 1. Trotsky on the Princes' Islands // The Secret War against Soviet Russia = Sayers M., Kahn AE The Great Conspiracy. The Secret War against Soviet Russia. - Boston: Brown & Co, 1946. 433 p. - M .: State Publishing House of Foreign Literature, 1947. - T. Book Three. "Fifth Column" in Russia.
- ↑ 1 2 Liesl Schillinger . A Turkish Idyll Lost in Time , New York Times (July 8, 2011).
- ↑ The Holy Monastery of St. George Koudounas. Prinkipo . The Holy Monastery of the Paraclete, Oropos, Attica, Hellas, 2004, p. 23.
- Greek The Greek Orphanage in Prinkipo: A case against Turkey in Europe
- Or Greek orphanage to serve as foundation for environment (inaccessible link) . Archived April 23, 2012.
- Ras Strasbourg court rules