St. Michael the Archangel Monastery is an Orthodox monastery in the name of the Archangel Michael , which existed at the mouth of the Northern Dvina and gave the name to Arkhangelsk . In the early 1930s, the monastery was destroyed.
| Monastery | |
| Archangel Michael Monastery | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A country |  Russia |
| City | Arkhangelsk |
| Denomination | Orthodoxy |
| Diocese | Arkhangelsk and Kholmogorsk diocese |
| Type of | male |
| Established | 12th century |
| Date of Abolition | 1920 year |
| Status | inactive monastery |
Monastery History
It was first mentioned in a letter from the Novgorod archbishop John [1] , but it is not known which of the archbishops it belongs to. There were two archbishops in Novgorod - John II (1165–1186) and John III (1388–1415). John I (Papin) was not an archbishop. The historian V.V. Krestinin, following N. M. Karamzin, attributed the time of the emergence of the monastery to the XII century [2] .
Initially, the monastery was located on Cape Pur-Navolok, 30 miles from the confluence of the Northern Dvina into the White Sea.
In 1419, the monastery was devastated by the Norwegians (Murmans [2] ), but was restored to its former place. For two hundred years it was one of the centers of the Russian North . On March 4, 1583, Tsar Ivan the Terrible sent a letter to Dvina, in which he indicated that the city should be set according to the drawing of the Dvina governor. During the year, the governors Nashchokin and Zaleshanin built a wooden fortress around the monastery called New Kholmogory , which gave rise to Arkhangelsk.
In 1636, the Mikhailo-Arkhangelsk monastery burned down. In 1637, the monastery from Cape Pur-Navolok was moved south over the posad upstream of the Northern Dvina to Nyachery (the so-called area between modern Uritsky Street (formerly Bishop's Street) and the railway bridge ) [3] .
The five-domed cathedral church was erected in 1685-1689 with the blessing of Bishop Athanasius , almost at the same time as the cathedral in Kholmogory .
In early 1920, the monastery was closed, the fate of the last abbot of hegumen Desiderius and the inhabitants is unknown. Monastyrskaya Street was renamed the Paris Commune Street [4] . On June 20, 1920, the administrative department of the Arkhangelsk Provincial Executive Committee, the Michael-Archangel Cathedral of the monastery was transferred to the "community of the First Mikhailo-Arkhangelsk Church Parish", the rector of which was Archpriest Vasily Aristov. In 1922, the priest was the priest Dimitry Fedosikhin, the spiritual son of St. John of Kronstadt . As a result of the campaign to seize church property, more than 2 pounds of silver and other property were seized from St. Michael the Archangel Cathedral. On July 20, 1924, the agreement of the executive committee with the arrival of the cathedral was terminated, and the community was liquidated. In 1924, the Renovationists served in the cathedral, in 1925 it was closed and transferred to the regional Institute of Social Re-education. The buildings of the monastery were used for household purposes, the monastery bells were given for re-melting.
In 1930, the cathedral, the bell tower and part of the fence with towers were dismantled. Later other monastery buildings disappeared, now the monastery is built up with residential buildings.
Notes
- ↑ Arkhangelsk Monasteries // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ 1 2 Monastery of St. Michael the Archangel // HISTORY OF THE BELOMORSK NORTH (Volume I. Arkhangelsk, 1995)
- ↑ Arkhangelsk puts on a stone
- ↑ Ovsyankin E.I. Names of Arkhangelsk streets
Literature
- Soikin P.P. Mikhailo-Arkhangelsk monastery in Arkhangelsk // Orthodox Russian monasteries : A full illustrated description of Orthodox Russian monasteries in the Russian Empire and Mount Athos. - SPb. : Resurrection, 1994 .-- S. 55-57. - 712 s. - 20,000 copies. - ISBN 5-88335-001-1 .
- V.I. Suvorov. Archangel in the name of the Archangel Michael Monastery // Orthodox Encyclopedia . - M .: Church Scientific Center "Orthodox Encyclopedia" , 2001. - T. II. - S. 487-489. - 752 s. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-89572-007-2 .