Češi ( Czech. Češi ) - West Slavic people, the main population of the Czech Republic . The total number of more than 12 million. They speak the Czech language of the West Slavic subgroup of the Slavic group , close to the Slovak and Upper Lutsk .
| Czechs | |
|---|---|
| Modern self | Češi |
| Abundance and area | |
| Total: more than 10-12 million | |
 Bulgaria - 436 | |
| Tongue | Czech |
| Religion | Catholicism , Protestantism , Hussites , Orthodoxy |
| Enters into | Western Slavs |
| Related peoples | Austrians , Slovaks , Germans , Poles , Lusatians , Celts |
| Ethnic groups | Silesians , Moravians |
Significant Czech communities live in France , Great Britain , the United States , Slovakia , Croatia , Austria, and Poland .
History
The Czechs are descended from the Slavs who lived in the territory of Bohemia , Moravia and Silesia since the 6th century . The first Slavic state itself existed on the territory of modern Moravia (it was founded in 622 ).
In the 1860s, during the mass emigration, part of the Czechs moved to the territory of the Russian Empire [4] .
The name "Czech" is formed with the help of the diminutive formant * -h from proslav. * čel- , reflected in the words * čelověkъ and * čelędь , that is, the internal form of this word is “a member of the genus” [5] . Until the beginning of the 20th century, several ethnographic and subethnic groups stood out among the Czechs: mountains , moves , moravs and others.
Historical Figures
The most famous of all the Czech kings - Charles IV (1346-1378), who was also the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire . Among the monarchs, the kings Premysl Otakar II (1253–1278) and Jiří Podebrady (1458–1471) also enjoyed considerable prestige among their contemporaries.
Other important personalities include the Reformation figure Jan Hus , humanist teacher Jan Amos Komensky and Vaclav Havel - a writer, playwright, human rights activist and statesman, the last president of Czechoslovakia and the first president of the Czech Republic.
Artists
Among the Czechs are many significant figures of world art. The poet Jaroslav Seifert was the Nobel Prize in Literature . Jaroslav Hasek , Karel Čapek , Vladislav Vanchura , Eduard Storch complement the pleiad of world-famous Czech writers. The composers Bedrich Smetana and Antonín Dvořák also belong to the Czech people; singers Karel Gott and Helena Vondrachkova ; painters Alphonse Mucha and Zdenek Burian ; filmmakers Otakar Vavra , František Vlachil and Miloš Forman ; photographer Jan Saudek .
Athletes
Hockey players - Dominik Hasek and Jaromir Jagr . Tennis players - Ivan Lendl and Martina Navratilova . Athletics - Emil Zatopek and Jan Zhelezny . Football players - Josef Masopust , Pavel Nedved , Petr Cech . Biathletes - Zdenek Vitek .
See also
- Czech folk costume
Notes
- ↑ United States - Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2009
- ↑ TAB. 115 Obyvateľstvo podľa pohlavia a národnosti (words.) (Xlc). Český statistický úřad (2011). - Population distribution by sex and nationality according to the census results (2011) on the website of the Statistical Office of Slovakia. The appeal date is October 25, 2015.
- ↑ CSO - Statistics: Persons are usually classified as
- ↑ Mokhov V.V. Melіtopolsky Czechs - the sounds of the stench? // Melitopol Local History Journal, 2014, No. 4, p. 68-72
- ↑ Spal J. Původ jména Čech // Naše řeč. - 1953. - V. 36 , No. 9-10 .
Literature
- Czechs // The Great Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 t.] / Ch. ed. Yu. S. Osipov . - M .: The Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2004—2017.