Road construction machines

Depending on the functions performed, road-building machines are divided into groups:

Preparatory Machines

This includes machines for preliminary preparation of the site for construction work:

• brush cutters - designed to clear building sites from shrubs and light forests;
• uproots - machines designed for rooting out stumps, cleaning sites from boulders, harvesting trunks and shrubs cut by brush cutters;
• rippers - designed for preliminary loosening of compacted and frozen soils; the cultivator is often performed on the basis of the same machine as the bulldozer , and such a machine is called a bulldozer-ripper ;

Earth-moving machinery

• bulldozers are designed for cutting and moving soil, as well as for planning the surface of a construction site;
• excavators - machines designed for digging and moving soil over small distances (up to 10-15 m);
• Graders and motor graders - machines used in road construction for planning a road base and erecting a subgrade;
• scrapers are designed for layer-by-layer cutting and soil movement to a distance of up to 5 km.

Machines for laying and maintenance of road surfaces

• road milling machines - machines for removing the top layer of road surfaces;
• pavers - machines for laying layers of asphalt concrete pavement;
• rollers - machines for compacting and compacting soil, asphalt, etc.

Machines for the production and transportation of concrete mixtures

• concrete mixers - machines for the preparation of concrete mixtures;
• concrete mixer trucks - trucks equipped with a rotating tank for transporting concrete ;
• cement trucks - machines for transporting cement over short and medium distances (up to 300 km);
• concrete pumps - machines designed to receive freshly prepared concrete mix from specialized concrete vehicles and supply it in horizontal and vertical directions to the place of laying.

Crushing and screening equipment

• crushing machines (crushers) designed for crushing rocks in order to obtain non-metallic building materials used for the preparation of concrete , asphalt concrete , as well as ballast layers;
• sorting machines ( screens ) intended for sorting crushed rocks ( gravel , crushed stone , etc.) into classes by size.

Machines for the construction of artificial structures

Equipment for pile work:

• steam hammers ;
• diesel hammers ;
• vibratory hammers are designed to immerse metal piles, pipes and sheet piles into the ground using both vibration and shock loads. Vibratory hammers are also used to immerse reinforced concrete piles in water-saturated soils .;
• vibration dampers are machines designed to immerse pipes, piles and sheet piles in sandy saturated soils.

Machines and equipment for quarrying and enrichment of materials

• Open pit loaders
• Cars for continuous transport for quarries
• Machines for washing stone materials
• Machines for sorting ( screening ) stone materials
• Stone Crushing Machines

Snow removal and road cleaning machines

Equipped with a blade and brush.

Kinds:

• Snow machines
• Pavement harvesting machines

Snow Ice Machines

Hoisting machines

• cranes ;
• lifting installations ;

Continuous Transport Machines

• conveyors ;
• hydraulic conveying units ;
• pneumatic conveying installations .

In the classification of scientific specialties, this field of knowledge belongs to the specialty "Road, construction and lifting-transporting machines" (05.05.04). The training of engineers at universities is carried out in the specialty “Hoisting-and-transport, construction, road machines and equipment” (190205).

• Material Handling Machines
• Building tools
• TUM-08

• Road-building machines. Miglyachenko V.P., Sergeev P.G., M .: "Forest industry", 1978. 288 p.
• Dombrovsky N.G., Halperin M.I. Construction vehicles (in 2 hours). Textbook for university students enrolled in special. “Builds. and dor. machines and rev. ”- M .: Higher. school., 1985.
• Dobronravov S.S., Sergeev S.P. Construction vehicles. Textbook for universities. - 2nd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Higher. School, 1981. - 320 p.

• Construction road machinery and equipment - electronic scientific publication