Kissel, Adam

It came from the old Volyn noble family Kisely . The son of the Volyn nobility Grigory Gnivoshovich Kisel-Nizkinitsky and Teresa Ivanitskaya. The younger brother is Nikolai Kisel (c. 1605 - 1651 ), colonel .

He studied at the Zamoy academy in the city of Zamosc . Adam Kisel's home teacher was Kasyan Sakovich .

Since 1617 he served in the crown army of the Commonwealth. He participated in wars with the Ottoman Empire , the Russian Empire and Sweden . He was the owner of many estates in Ukraine . In 1617, Adam Kisel was in the southern Polish army under the command of Stanislav Zholkevsky , who defended the southern borders of the Commonwealth against attacks by the Ottoman Turks and Crimean Tatars. In 1619 he participated in the campaign of the Polish army against the Turks near Orynin , in 1620 he accompanied the hetman of the great crown, Stanislav Zholkevsky, in the campaign against Moldova and participated in the tragic battle near Tsetsora . In 1621, under the leadership of the great Lithuanian hetman, Jan Karol Khodkevich, Adam Kisel took part in the battle with the Turkish-Tatar army near Khotyn , and later served under the command of the hetman of the full crown Stanislav Konetspolsky . At first, Adam Kisel, being a poor man, held only the lowest posts, but after six years he was already the commander of the gonfalon.

In 1629, he was a representative of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Sigismund III Vasa at a church cathedral in Kiev in order to reconcile the supporters of the Orthodox Church and Uniate .

Due to the death of his father, Adam Kisel was forced to temporarily leave the service and return to the family estate to deal with his device. He stayed in his own estate until the death of King Sigismund III Vasa ( April 30, 1632 ). At the provocative Diet, Adam Kisel supported the candidacy of Prince Vladislav Vazy to the Polish throne and spoke in defense of the Orthodox faith. At the beginning of 1633, the new Polish king, Vladislav IV, left Adam Kisel at the royal court with the title of “royal nobleman ”. On royal instructions, he took from the Uniates and returned to the Orthodox Church Zhydichinsky Archimandria together with its monastery, estates and church.

Adam Kisel took an active part in the Russian-Polish war (1632-1634). Initially, he was entrusted with the protection of the Seversky land . He recruited 20 thousand Cossacks in Zaporozhye and forced the Russian command to lift the siege from Chernigov . In December 1632, Adam Kisel, along with Kamenetsky’s kastelan Alexander Pyasochinsky and Lubensky “holder” Jeremiah-Mikhail Vishnevetsky , commanded the Polish cavalry and Zaporizhzhya Cossacks, defeated the Russian detachment. In February 1633, A. Kisel, I. Wisniewiecki, and A. Pyasochinsky, at the head of the Polish army, undertook a campaign against the border Russian possessions and ravaged the surroundings of Putivl . In May 1633, Jeremiah Wisniewiecki , Alexander Pyasochinsky and Adam Kisel with the Polish-Cossack army again came under Putivl , but could not take the city by attack. On June 19, from near Putivl, Polish military leaders continued to raid deep into Moscow possessions and ravaged the surroundings of Kursk and Bryansk . In April 1634, Jeremiah Vishnevetsky , the elder of Kalush Lukash Zholkevsky and Adam Kisel made the last trip to the border Moscow possessions. Poles and Cossacks besieged Sevsk , but the Russian governors repelled enemy attacks.

For his merits in the Smolensk war, Adam Kisel obtained the towns of Kobyts and Kozargrod in the Chernigov Voivodeship in Polish possession from the Polish king, he was transferred to Starostvosnovsky and the post of subcommittee of Chernigov . The king instructed him to exercise administrative power over the registered Cossacks and appointed him deputy hetman of the great crown, Stanislav Konetspolsky . The residence of Adam Kisel in the Chernihiv region was located in the city of Mena .

Adam Kisel was appointed chief commissioner in negotiations with the registry and Zaporozhye Cossacks. During the Cossack uprising led by Pavlyuk in 1637, he held peace talks with the Cossacks and persuaded many of them to abandon the riot. However, Adam Kissel violated the pardon he had given Pavlyuk, lost the confidence of the Cossacks and was soon forced to resign as commissar. After the Polish army suppressed the uprising, Adam Kisel arrived at the Cossack headquarters - Trakhtemirov , where he made a list of five thousand registered Cossacks. Cossacks took the oath of allegiance to the king of the Commonwealth, promised to stop raids on Turkish lands and pledged to burn river gulls.

In 1638 - 1641, Adam Kisel participated in the commission on the delimitation of the Kiev and Chernihiv voivodships , in 1641 - 1645 - in the commission on the establishment of "eternal" borders with the Russian state . In 1646, Adam Kisel received the position of Kashtel of Kiev and led the Polish delegation at the talks in Moscow.

During the revolt of Bohdan Khmelnitsky ( 1648 - 1654 ) governor, Bratslav and Kiev Adam Kisel was the royal commissar in negotiations with the hetman and Cossack foremen. On July 22, 1648, the Polish Sejm appointed Adam Kisel as head of the first Polish delegation formed to negotiate with the rebels. The delegation, in addition to Adam Kisel, included the Poznan substation Alexander Selsky, the Przemysl subcommittee Frantisek Dubravsky and the Mozyr subcommittee Theodor Obukhovich. Peaceful Ukrainian-Polish negotiations, which began in February 1649 in Pereyaslavl , ended to no avail. Later, Adam Kisel negotiated with Bogdan Khmelnitsky in Zborov in August 1649 and in the White Church in September 1651 .

In 1642, in the village of Maksaki, Chernihiv Voivodeship, he laid the Transfiguration Cathedral of the Maksakov Monastery .

He was married to Anastasia Gulkovich, daughter of the Kiev gentry Filon Gulkovich, from whose marriage he had no children.

• “ Fire and Sword ” / “Ogniem i mieczem” ( 1999 ; Poland ) directed by Jerzy Hoffmann, in the role of governor of Kisel, Gustav Holoubek .
• “ Bogdan Khmelnitsky ” (1941; USSR ) - directed by Igor Savchenko , Adam Kisel - Vasily Zaychikov .

• Kissel, Adam // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Russian Biographical Dictionary: Ibak - Klyucharyov . - Ed. under the supervision of the chairman of the Imperial Russian Historical Society A. A. Polovtsov. - St. Petersburg: type. Ch. control inheritance, 1897 [2]. - T. 8. - 756 p.