Ali Ekber Hatay , Ali Akbar Hatai ( tour. Ali Ekber Hitai , literally " Ali Ekber Chinese ", born before 1506, the date of death is unknown) - Ottoman traveler of the early 16th century in China ( Min Empire ). Supposedly he visited China around 1505-1506, during the accession to the Chinese throne [1] of Emperor Zhu Houzhao (the motto of Zhende's rule), and spent more than two and a half years there. Known as the author of Hatay-name (Books on China), published in Persian in Istanbul in 1520.
Content
Curriculum vitae
Apparently the Shiite , which could move the desire to show the usefulness of the Shiites during times of persecution by the authorities. Visited China , perhaps on the orders of Sultan Selim , or as a trader. I brought two Chinese vases with Arabic inscriptions to the Ottoman court as a gift from the Chinese emperor (now in the Chinese exposition Topkapi [2] ). In 1516 he finished his book, which was published in Istanbul in 1520 in Persian , and about 1582 was translated into Ottoman Turkish . Ali Ekber insisted on the conquest of China by the Ottomans, emphasizing that a significant number of Muslims live there.
Hatay-name
In contrast to the usual stories of travelers about the route covered, common to the time, Hatay-name is a systematic description of the country of 20 chapters on roads, cities, army, commerce, prostitutes and eunuchs , administration, laws and prisons, agriculture and other issues.
In Europe, comparable informative descriptions of China appeared a hundred years later. [3]
Apparently, the author suffered from distrust: Evliya Celebi did not include most of his information in his books, because he could not confirm them. [4] The Sultan also decided not to undertake the conquest of China due to the inaccuracy of the information received.
However, both Evliya елelebi and Ebu Bekr Begram ad-Dimashqi used Hatay-name.
Since the XIX century, the book of Ali Ekber became known in European science. The accuracy and reliability of the information contained therein is largely proven.
See also
Other foreigners are authors of books on Minsk China:
- Giyas ad-Din Nakkash ( Ghiyāth al-dīn Naqqāsh ), chronicler of the delegation sent by Shahruh (whose capital was in Herat ) to China (1420-1422). His diary has been lost, but part of its text was included in the chronicle “Zubdat at-tavarikh-i Baysunguri” by the historian Hafiz-i Abru . [5] [6]
- Choi Pu - Korean (1488)
- Galeote Pereira ( Galeote Pereira ) - Portuguese (in China 1549-1553; its history was published in a Jesuit collection in 1565)
- Matteo Ricci - Italian (in China 1582—1610), De Christiana expedition apud Sinas
Notes
- ↑ Simon Petrus Peppink. Opera minora . Editor Boricus Antonius van Proosdij. Brill Archive, 1938
- ↑ Topkapi Palace :: Chinese and Japanese Porcelain on Explore Turkey, an IstanbulNet project.
- ↑ Giancarlo Casale. The Ottoman Age of Exploration . Oxford University Press US, 2010. ISBN 0195377826 , 9780195377828
- ↑ Robert Dankoff. An Ottoman mentality: the world of Evliya Çelebi. Series: Ottoman Empire and its heritage (vol. 31). BRILL, 2004. ISBN 9004137157 , 9789004137158
- Collection “Materials on the history of Kazakhstan and Central Asia”. Issue I. Compiled by and responsible editor J. M. Tulibaeva.
- ↑ Brook, Timothy (1998), The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China , University of California Press, p. 34-38, ISBN 0520210913 , < https://books.google.com/books?id=YuMcHWWbXqMC&pg=PA34 >
Literature
- '' Alî Akbar Khatâ'î. Khatâynâma: sharh-e mushâhdât-i Sayyid 'Alî Akbar Khatâ'î dar sarzamîn e Chîn. [Book of China: Akbar Khatâ? Al Alî Akbar Khatâ'î in the Territoy of China.] Îraj Afshâr, ed. 2nd ed., Tehran: Markaz-e asnâd-e farhangî-ye Âsîyâ, 1993/4.
- 'Alî Akbar Khitâ'î. The Book on China: Khitâynâma. Fuat Sezgin and Eckhard Neubauer, eds. Arabic-Islamic Science, Series C, vol. 56. Frankfurt am Main: Wolfgang Goethe University, 1994.
- HL Fleischer. "Über das türkische Chatâï-nâme." Kleinere Schriften, Vol. 3. Leipzig, 1888, (reprint Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, 1968), pp. 214–225, from: Berichte über die Verhandlungen der königlichen Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Philol.-histor. Cl., 1851: 317-327.
- Geng Sheng, tr. Aly Mazahéri, Sichou zhi lu - Zhonguo-Bosi wenhua jiaoliu shi. [Silkroad: China and Persia.] Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1993.
- Paul E. Kahle. “China as described by Turkish Geographers from Iranian Sources.” Opera Minora: Festgabe zum 21. Januar 1956, Leiden: EJ Brill, 1956, pp. 312–324 [From: Proceedings of the Iran Society, vol. 2, London 1940).
- Paul E. Kahle. “Eine islamische Quelle über China um 1500: Das Khitâynâme des' Alî Ekber.” Acta Orientalia, 12 (1933): 91-110.
- Lin Yih-Min. "Ali Ekber'in Hitayname: adlý eserinin Çin kaynaklarï ile mukayese ve tenkidi," Dissertation, Taipei 1967.
- Lin Yih-Min. "A comparative study of Alikbar's Khitây-nâma with reference to Chinese sources [English summary]." Central Asiatic Journal, 27 (1983): 58-78.
- Juten Oda. “A Note on the Historical Materials of Khitay-Name by Ali Ekber.” Shirin, 52 (1969): 858–879, 908–909.
- Charles Schefer. "Trois chapitres du Khitay Namèh: texte Persane et traduction Française." In: Ecole des langues orientales vivantes (ed.), Mélanges Orientaux, Paris: E. Leroux, 1883, pp. 31-84.
- ZV Togan . Ali Ekber'in. Islam Ansiklopedisi, 1 (1962): 318-319.
- Franz Taeschner. "Geographische Literatur der Osmanen." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 77 (1923): 31-80, 144.
- J. Zenker. "Das chinesische Reich nach dem türkischen Khatainame." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 15 (1851): 785-805.
- Zhang Zhishan (tr.), Ali Akeba'er, Zhongguo jixing. [The Book on China, Chinese translation of Hamidullah's English translation.] Beijing: Shenghuo, Dushu, Xinzhi sanlian shudian chubanfaxing, 1988.
Links
- Ali Ekber Hitai in the Encyclopedia of Health, Technology, Culture and Art in Turkish
- Ralph Kauz, The Road to The Road: The Khataynameh of Ali Akbar (Eng.)