The Dirty War in Argentina ( Spanish: Guerra Sucia en la Argentina ) is the common name for measures of state terrorism (mass abductions , torture , extrajudicial executions) undertaken by Argentine military dictatorships and culminating during the reign of the last military junta in the 20th century in 1976 - 1983 It was part of Operation Condor .
On March 24, 1976, an army led by Jorge Videla made a coup and overthrew President Isabel Peron . With the help of the military, Videla gained wide powers, which led to human rights violations in Argentina. Mass arrests were carried out, detainees were tortured and often killed. During the junta, 10 thousand people were physically killed, 30 thousand disappeared without a trace, and another 60 thousand were subjected to lengthy terms of imprisonment, torture and violence for political reasons [1] . The main victims of the Dirty War were leftist activists, including trade unionists, students, journalists, Marxists, and peronists .
The junta collapsed in 1983 , shortly after the defeat of Argentina in the Falkland War .
After the change of government, on behalf of President Raul Alfonsin , the National Commission on the Mass Disappearance of People ( CONADEP ) was created, led by renowned writer Ernesto Sabato . According to the results of the investigation, which took place in 1983 - 1984 , he published a report entitled "Never Again" [2] .
In July 2012, the former rulers of the country, Jorge Videla (reigned in 1976-1981) and Reynaldo Bignone (1982-1983) were found guilty by an Argentine court of organizing the abduction of children from women political prisoners. It was established that, on their orders, dozens of mothers were forcibly deprived of children (they were then transferred to other families, most often officers), and then killed. Saw and Bignone (their age at the time of sentencing exceeded 80 years) received for their crimes, respectively, 50 and 30 years in prison [3] [4] .
Content
Reflection in Art
- The “ Official Version ” is a film shot in 1985 and received the Academy Award in the nomination “Best Foreign Language Film” .
- “ Olympo Garage” is a film made in 1999.
- Dreaming of Argentina is a film shot in 2003.
See also
- Death flights
- Mother Square May
- Dirty War (Mexico)
- Black Carnation / The Black Pimpernel [5]
- “In the Time of the Butterflies” [6]
- Death and girl
Notes
- ↑ Sergio Sorin . Secret connections of Pinochet, Franco and P-2
- ↑ The famous Argentinean writer and human rights activist Ernesto Sabato has died // RIA Novosti , 04/30/2011
- ↑ Former dictators found guilty in Argentine baby-stealing trial . CNN Date of treatment July 6, 2012. Archived on August 6, 2012.
- ↑ Leo Macedonov. The dictators sat down for the abduction of children . gazeta.ru . Date of treatment July 6, 2012. Archived on August 6, 2012.
- ↑ - Wikipedia
- ↑ - Wikipedia
Literature
- Dirty Secrets, Dirty War: The Exile of Editor Robert J. Cox , by David Cox (2008).
- The Ministry of Special Cases , novel by Nathan Englander (2007).
- La Historia Official (English: The Official Story ), revisionist critique by Nicolás Márquez (2006).
- Guerrillas and Generals: The Dirty War in Argentina , by Paul H. Lewis (2001).
- Suite argentina (English: Argentine Suite . Translated by Donald A. Yates. Online: Words Without Borders , October 2010) Four short stories by Edgar Brau (2000).
- God's Assassins: State Terrorism in Argentina in the 1970s by M. Patricia Marchak (1999).
- A Lexicon of Terror: Argentina and the Legacies of Torture , by Marguerite Feitlowitz (1999).
- Una sola muerte numerosa (English: A Single, Numberless Death ), by Nora Strejilevich (1997).
- The Flight: Confessions of an Argentine Dirty Warrior , by Horacio Verbitsky (1996).
- Argentina's Lost Patrol: Armed Struggle, 1969–1979 , by María José Moyano (1995).
- Dossier Secreto: Argentina's Desaparecidos and the Myth of the "Dirty War" , by Martin Edwin Andersen (1993).
- Argentina's "Dirty War": An Intellectual Biography , by Donald C. Hodges (1991).
- Behind the Disappearances: Argentina's Dirty War Against Human Rights and the United Nations , by Iain Guest (1990).
- The Little School: Tales of Disappearance & Survival in Argentina , by Alicia Partnoy (1989).
- Argentina, 1943–1987: The National Revolution and Resistance , by Donald C. Hodges (1988).
- Soldiers of Perón: Argentina's Montoneros , by Richard Gillespie (1982).
- Guerrilla warfare in Argentina and Colombia, 1974–1982 , by Bynum E. Weathers, Jr. (1982).
- Prisoner without a Name, Cell without a Number , by Jacobo Timerman (1981).
- Guerrilla politics in Argentina , by Kenneth F. Johnson (1975).