Rise of Nalivaiko

In June 1594, after returning with a detachment of Cossacks from a campaign in Moldova against the Turks, Severin Nalyvaiko urged the Cossacks to speak out against Polish rule in the Russian lands of the Commonwealth. A detachment of Cossacks, led by Grigory Loboda , joined the rebels. In October, the rebel movement swept the entire Bratslav region , the Kiev region and Volyn . The Cossack army, numbering 12 thousand people, captured Kiev , Gusyatin , Kanev , Bar , Lutsk and other cities. In the fall of 1595, the rebels moved to Volyn. The Barkulabov Chronicle reports that in November 1595 Mogilev was captured by Nalivaiko detachments, many buildings were destroyed, many residents were killed ^[1] . At the end of 1595 and at the beginning of 1596, the anti-Polish movement also broke out in Podillia and partially in Galicia . A Cossack detachment led by hetman Matvey Shaula moved to Belarus to help the rebels.

In December 1595, the Polish government sent troops to suppress the uprising under the command of Stanislav Zholkevsky . At the end of January 1596, Nalivaiko with a small detachment of 1,500 people retreated to Volyn, and from there to the White Church . There the detachments of Nalivaiko, Shaul and Loboda united and defeated the advanced units of the gentry troops in the battle of the White Church . In the tract Sharp Stone near Tripoli a day later, another battle took place . After her, the rebels retreated to the Lubny , but the path to a further retreat was cut off by the new banners of the Crown.

In the spring of 1596, the rebels were surrounded by superior forces of the Polish army. A battle ensued, known as the Solonitsky battle . After an almost two-week defense of the Cossacks, Zholkevsky promised the registrars , led by Grigory Loboda, an amnesty in the event of arms being laid down. Having learned about the negotiations between the Cossack foreman and Zholkevsky, the rebels suspected Loboda of treason and killed him. Later, on 28 May 1596, part of the foreman captured Nalivaiko, Shaulu and other leaders of the uprising and gave them to the Poles. During the negotiations, the Polish army suddenly attacked the Cossack camp. Thousands of rebels along with their wives and children were killed. Only a small detachment of Cossacks, led by K. Krempsky, managed to break out of the encirclement and retreat to Zaporozhye . Nalivaiko and six other leaders of the uprising were sent to Warsaw , where they were executed on 11 April 1597 after severe torment.

• Belotserkovsky city uprising (1589)

• Handbook of the history of Ukraine. - 2nd edition. - Kiev, 2001.

• Details about the Nalivaiko uprising on the Ukraine Incognita website (in Ukrainian)
• On the history of the Nalivaiko movement on the website Vostlit.info