Isai (Isaac) Grigorievich Guterman ( 1911 , Pochep , Chernihiv province - 1981 , Moscow ) - Soviet aeroclimatologist. Doctor of Geographical Sciences (1938), Professor (1968).
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| Scientific field | climatology |
| Place of work | Research Institute of Aeroclimatology in Moscow |
| Alma mater | Moscow Hydrometeorological Institute (1937) |
| Academic degree | Doctor of Geographical Sciences |
| Academic rank | Professor |
Biography
Born into a Jewish family. In 1937 he graduated from the Moscow Hydrometeorological Institute . Since 1926, observer of the weather station in Pochep . In 1929-35, an aerologist at polar stations, a member of the Arctic expedition together with I.D. Papanin . On Franz Josef Land, he was the first in the conditions of a polar night to regularly launch radiosondes into the atmosphere.
Papanin I.D. in the book Ice and Fire recalls:
We had to probe the atmosphere at the highest possible altitudes and try to establish the location of the tropopause — the zone between the troposphere and the stratosphere — and the temperature in the stratosphere. The stratosphere is located at different heights in different latitudinal zones of the globe. The height of the stratosphere in the Arctic was studied reliably in different periods of the year for the first time here, on Franz Josef Land in 1932-1933 by the young aerologist Isai Guterman . ”
In 1934, a member of the expedition to rescue Chelyuskin , in 1935 - in an expedition to the icebreaker Sadko . At the Scientific Research Institute of Aeroclimatology, he headed the aeroclimatology sector. In 1941-44 in the Red Army . Since 1944, head of the observation department of the Central Aerological Observatory . Since 1955 at the Scientific Research Institute of Aeroclimatology in Moscow. Scientific activity is connected with the study of high atmospheric layers over the polar regions, with aerological observations and methods of processing them, with the study of the wind regime of the free atmosphere, with the questions of improving and introducing new means of aerological research, including radar. In the mid-50s. He took part in the development of a method for obtaining wind characteristics on counting and analytical machines for the first aeroclimatic reference book of the USSR.
Publications
- Structural features of the atmosphere over the polar regions. L., 1938.
- Wind distribution over the northern hemisphere. L., 1965.