Ponizovsky, Boris Yurievich

On July 3, 1930 , Boris Yuryevich Ponizovsky was born on July 3 in Leningrad, on Herzen Street, in apartment 1, where he has lived for all years (except for the years of evacuation).

Father - Yuri Pavlovich - Petrograd. Jeweler, employee of a glass trust, amateur pianist, collector of Russian impressionists (according to his mother) ... Mother - Tsitsiliya Zakharovna - from Belarus. A housewife. Possessed mezzo-soprano, was invited to the radio. Graphic artist, studied with academician Pan . The aesthetic interests of the parents rigidly determined the upbringing of the boy Boris.

Boris Ponizovsky in childhood

1934 year. For a year, he fell in love with Fabre’s biography in the book Life of the Wasps, in adapted Rabelais , in the biography and words of Khlebnikov . Neighbor Georg Westfalen began to read German to him from Goethe ... His imagination about the space of sounds collided with a collective of children at a German bonn ...

1935 - was given to the training of painting. They beat me with a whipping to paint from life.

1938 - defined in the 1st grade.

1939 - love for a third grader.

1941 - were evacuated with a school to Borisoglebsk near Yaroslavl (they fed him and all the children he saw with raw fresh meat), were transported to Golyshmanovo near Omsk. In order not to fall under the will of several hardened high school students, he fled from the boarding school, lived with a forester in the taiga, wandered in Central Asia, went hungry - got sick, was hospitalized, returned to the boarding school. He organized a theater club. Put in it and played. His German and Russian books were returned to him (Goethe Westfalen and Tom Shchedrin on the road from the upper neighbor to Herzen) ...

1942 - May 1, the father dies in blockade. Mother - in the heads of the self-defense group of their house - in August, she was taken out of the city of a seriously ill woman. In October, she finds her son and takes him to the Tatar town of Kargat.

1943 - They are in Krivoshchekovo - the outskirts of Novosibirsk. He is the captain of the Timurov team ... The Red Torch Theater gives way to the building of the Pushkin Leningrad Theater, moves to Krivoshchekovo. Mother is friends with the theater, serves as an accountant in the houses where the actors are settled, helping them out in some ways. Her son was taken to the theater studio to the teacher of Lewandowska. The teacher marks the student with a palm-sized edition of Stalin’s works, where on each of the volumes she wrote something about the future of the boy ... He falls in love with the tenth grader Nora. He writes the first story on a theme from Turgenev , but with an atmosphere that would be casually called surreal now. The librarian takes the notebooks to save ... She brings him Blake's poems, he falls in love with his biography.

1944 - He does not have a tutor, he travels around Novosibirsk, talking with the Germans. He remembers the laws that rushed into him for adulthood: about himself, as about part of space, about premieres and perspectives of nature through man, about man, as about a shepherd of asymmetries, imbalances, about a herd of harmony, about indivisible content and about the content for which man accepts the condition to love form. Beginning of communication with the authors, with God ... Reading Ulysses in scattered books of the journal International Literature and articles on Stendhal 's Treatise of Love ...

1945 - in Leningrad. Inertia still forces the actor Andreevsky from the Pushkin Theater to play in the studio. But the renewal of Leningrad impressions realized the lessons, but the graphics in volume - in sculpture: he visited the library and the natural class of the Academy of Arts, the workshops of sculptors (hard artisans) Krestovsky and Simonov in the house of the Union of Artists. He took lessons for kneading clay, plaster molding and posing. Influence in 1946 was made by contacts with artists Rudakov, Altman (hence the mysterious understatement of Malevich, Kandinsky, Filonov. Reading by A. Efros and Punin ), critical attention to his papers by G. Vereisky. The contrast of school apprenticeship and the experience of meeting with professionals made him offend his mother - in the midst of exams, drop 8th grade in 1945 and evening school in 1947. He worked at the film copying factory as a film controller, he hated movie music, he loved discreteness, as a rule in art. At the request of D. D. Shostakovich, he was allowed to sit at rehearsals of the first composition of the Philharmonic Orchestra. He opened the theater of discipline and style. When a vacancy - I came as a student of a printer-chromolithograph in the print workshop of the Union of Artists. I got a springboard, now so low in Kavgolovo, the court. Tuberculosis and air of spring Finland and winter Crimea. A six-month journey through the rooftops of your hometown.

1949 - amputation of legs, hospitalization until 1951. Marriage without marriage. T. Skuy is a university student. Art critic, a connoisseur of the Italian language. Lived in parental homes. Philharmonic, Hermitage, Public Library, mastery of the construction of drama, attention to applied sculpture. Discovery of del arte scripts, spatial speculation in the comedy of Giordano Bruno .

1952 - The clash of biographical time and literary, untimely introvert and secondary style time in the city, the laws of everyday psychological volumes of time and everything as a character = character as a time of changing space. He reacts to the theater of all cultural eras in everyday life. He rebels against the plays of censorship of civilization. He writes two pieces of the anti-literary small structural multivariate theater. He writes about the sacredness of the viewer's consciousness and about the subordination of the stage to this secret. Not darkness and sound (doping of the multiplicity of spaces), but light and silence. He forgets about it until 1956.

1953 - Marriage to V. Jerichonova. Student at the faculty of editing. Emigration inside. Cognition of the word in prose and play. Closing the theater here and there. Theater for two. Earnings under labor agreements: four-hand typing of manuscripts from the External Department of the Public Library, copying of drawings, proofreading from a technical publishing house, editing brochures for vegetable growers, co-authored with scripts on television, radio, film studios of popular science films, and architectural prototyping. Since 1956, he fulfilled orders for applied work: sketches of public interiors. In Moscow, the dressmaker Alliluyeva, who returned from exile, gave two tailoring lessons; he carried away dozens of customers by modeling clothes and shoes. Suddenly, he took up decorative bas-reliefs, he gave the bas-relief sketches like brooches. It is possible that this is the first house without doors in Russia, the first walls of artists - the “disciples” of Rouault , Derain , Matisse , Klee , and Tashists. The "waves" of book-ost-romanians, artists, art historians, poets, prose writers, Muscovites - the kindest no-one - opponents of the system. They talk about a greater or lesser share in these walls of names later or earlier for the threshold: artists Bogomolov, Yesayan, Kulakov, Mikhnov , Fayngold, Vinkovetsky, poets Alekseev , Grobman , Khvostenko , Aronzon , Volokhonsky , Grigoriev , Gorbovsky , Sosnora , Sapgir , Bogdanov , occasionally Aigi and Brodsky , Rhine, prose writers Wolf , Dovlatov , Golyavkin , Industrial , Morev, Bitov , Fedoseenko. Later in the exchanged house, even later in the mother’s exchanged house - composers Kneifel , Belimov , poets Yuryev , Zaks , Martynova ... A disordered and morally redundant set ...

Theater Theory

1956 - He returns to the misunderstood pages about the theater and collects the book "On the semiotics of the stage." He is fascinated by the nepotism of time, space and character, their mutual mimicry. The energy of the book falls in 1965, but in 1991 it is caught in the mind ... He composes digests, as they would call now, on some of his plays, leaving them with literary text on their pages - "it is forbidden to be staged." Then, out of curiosity about the psychology of the women's team at the central telegraph, he arranged to work there. Many, still laughing, remember his voice on the phone - a telegram on credit. In 1958 and 1961, the wife responded to the KGB's attention signals and transferred several baskets and a suitcase with his manuscripts to the trusting families for her, which, in her opinion, he should not have known.

1961 year. His message about his craft of the theater to Kabuki actors who have toured in Moscow and Leningrad. Painstaking after the meeting and joyful fuss with the composition of the cards of the book “Semiotics of the stage”. Mother keeps the gift of Japanese actors.

1962 year. At the initiative of the poet Sapgir and artist Yesayan in Moscow, the first exhibition and sale of sketches that became bijou. There is an opportunity to go write in the winter Caucasus. A honeymoon with L. Martyuk, a studio at the G. Tovstonogov Theater.

1963 year. - The birth of the son of Philip. Order Soyuztorgreklamy - scripts for promotional films. Commissioners of departments are ruining the novelty.

1964 - 1966 - Proves the right of an individual to state tools and the aesthetics of the film that he perceives. With the support of young photographers and cameramen, he strung a four-hour film of feature films made in the rejection of the conditions by “Godar’s tins”. Internal rivalry with Parajanov’s game, extreme plot, reserves of improvisation, young subconscious and erotic, extra-large plans. On the tragic remnants of the negativity of the film and the photographic script, he writes a book about the methodology and language of cinema. Material limitations did not give spontaneity to the game in the book. There is a feeling of a luxurious rough mountain. Since 1965 he has not written prose and plays.

1967 - Screenwriter and co-director of the departmental documentary film “The Masters of My Concerns” for the All-Union Conference of Public Utilities Workers at the Leningrad City Executive Committee. ... Maturity certificate to the joy of mother.

1969 - At the suggestion of the director of the Hermitage Theater, a model of the theater, a satellite of foreign exhibitions, was tested. For the exhibition “French Romanticism” through the WTO (now STD) with actors of state theaters, LGITMiK graduates and artist I. Diment, the comedy de Musset 's Fantasio was directed as a motion director.

1970 - By the order of the experimental electronic music studio in Moscow, he directed the script for a color-musical abstract panel for the Exhibition of Economic Achievements dedicated to the centenary of Lenin ... Week of interest of Yu. Lyubimov in the theoretical calculations of B. Ponizovsky.

1971 - Marriage to N. Kudryasheva. Theater critic, research fellow of the Research Institute of LGITMiK. In the house of the student, theater expert T. Zhakovskaya, he had a significant acquaintance with an adventurous warehouse by a man who did not yet know that he would become infected with the theater - M. Husid.

1973 - Co-director M. Husida and artist of the production based on the stock play “Divine Comedy” for the Puppet Theater in Lviv.

1975 - Production of spatial music by A. Kneifel in the Leningrad Philharmonic. (In 1977, the repetition at the festival of Soviet avant-garde music in Tallinn. In 1978, at the composer's creative evening in Moscow) ...
... The transfer of the initial ideas for the organization of M. Husid from the graduates of LGITMiK Russian troupe of the puppet theater in Lviv. Hope to see the transformation of ideas.

1976 - Member of the All-Union Exhibition of Puppet Theater Artists at the Moscow Congress of UNIMA (International Union of Puppet Theater Figures). The Russian troupe leaves Lviv, on the advice of M. Husid, with him to Kurgan (Southern Trans-Urals). M. Husid insists that B. Ponizovsky come to the theater. Consistently or simultaneously, he occupies the position of the head of the literary and musical parts, the next director at the Gulliver Theater. Among the productions - to the music of A. Kneifel , S. Banevich, Gabuniy, .. Shakespeare , Pushkin , Blok , Oberaut Vvedensky , Pogorelsky , Bradbury , Bisset . After the departure of M. Husid, he is a master of the course of the acting department of the music school. The method of wordless spontaneous education of actors of the drama and puppet theater was discovered. For two and a half months of the studio marathon, 273 studies were found in front of the public in the work with the subject. Drama and puppet theater learned to improvise and be silent. Traveling with fantasy lessons to Moscow and Leningrad. Marriage without marriage to O. Borisova. Artist-archaeologist.

1977 - At the Puppet Theater Festival in Tyumen, along with the production of M. Husid, the production of B. Ponizovsky’s opera by S. Banevich “Boy and Night” (16-minute opera in action for an hour and a half). (The experience of this production was interpreted in the brochure of the publishing house “Knowledge” - “In the Puppet Theater” in 1978 and in the book by the same author N. I. Smirnova “The Art of Playing Dolls” of the publishing house “Art” 1983) ... In the Leningrad Philharmonic in one night it was done work on the reading text for the orchestra and direction of the A. Kneifel suite “Petrograd Sparrows” for the festival “Leningrad Spring”. In the early morning, musicologists canceled directing so as not to set a precedent. With the remaining text, the execution was a success.

1978 - In Kurgan, the birth of the daughter of Xenia. In the same year, B. Ponizovsky - participant of the exhibition "Artists of the Soviet Puppet Theater" in Prague.

1979 - The Gulliver Theater did not participate in the Puppet Theater Festival in Ufa. The out-of-competition demonstration by Tyumen actress N. Grebennikova (wife of M. Husid) of a one-man show based on one of Herod's Mimiambas (Ancient Greece, 3rd century BC), staged by B. Ponizovsky, was recognized.
Marriage to G. Vikulina - studio of the Gulliver Theater. In the future, the leading actress of the DaNet theater, a role tester.

1980 - At the All-Union Festival of unscheduled productions of drama theaters in Zvenigorod (near Moscow) and in Moscow, performances based on S. Banevich’s opera “Boy and Night” and “Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet” directed by B. Ponizovsky were successful.

1981 - B. Ponizovsky went on vacation to Leningrad and resigned from Gulliver. Tired of the stereotype of victory - pulling up to the festival. ... Suddenly, his students also quit the Gulliver and came to him. Some way out was to create a Private Troupe. Having the opportunity to show no more than fifteen spectators, the troupe performed in two seasons in front of 8161 spectators. In 1982 - at the request of V. Polunin in front of the troupe "Licedeev" . V. Polunin’s proposal to stage a play with him and teach in the studio could not be realized because of the third high floor, which then housed the Lycedeev Hall. They performed invitations to the troupes of theaters in Leningrad ... In 1982, under an agreement with the Vyborg Theater, he wrote song music for one of the performances.

Since 1981, the Private Troupe has been promoting the search in the language.

From 1983 to 1987, the director and actors of the Private Troupe raised the Da-da-da children's theater on the outskirts of the city. A troupe of adult actors called “ Yes ” on a cost-accounting basis since 1988 has accepted new artists and actors.

1988 - Presentation of the DaNet Theater in the House of Friendship. In the hall are secretaries of two dozen branches of the Italy-USSR Society from different cities. Success. Invitation to the cities of Lucca and Piacenza. The absence of a room in which the materials and props of the theater would be preserved, chores about the room did not allow to go ...

1989 - Birth of the son of Matthew. Invitation to Yugoslavia. At the last minute, due to the lack of some places in the hotel, the administrator refused to take the troupe.

1990 - Event. From the DaNet Theater a new theater , the AKHE Group, emerged . It consists of three DaNet artists. "ACHE" , grown on the methodology of B. Ponizovsky - without his intervention - shows variant urbanistic performances. B. Ponizovsky is a critic-viewer. In his opinion, artists are more indirect than actors, and closer to his theoretical proposals. Two performances of the theater were bought by the association of the Moscow intelligentsia “World of Culture” for display in Moscow to orphanages, wards of the association, and their specialists. DaNet received posters for the "elite theater from St. Petersburg." Both performances: the combinatorial, puppet “ABOUT WHAT” and the adult project of the theater’s language and genres - pantomime with parts of dolls, masks and objects - “FROM THEATER SILENCE IN THE FARS LANGUAGE” (version for 4 actors) - looked festively in the Rakhmaninov Conservatory Hall .

1991 - In May, a tour in Germany took place: “FROM THEATER SILENCE IN THE FARS LANGUAGE” (option for 2 actors), the action “AXE” and an exhibition of etchings and masks from two of the four artists of the DaNet theater. Reviews of soulful technique and stunning simplicity of fantasy with objects. In July, DaNet hosted young directors and actors who found each other to create their own theater called Nobody Knows. “ DaNet ” will grow another team, for the laboratory they have been given the surroundings of “ DaNet ” ... Rehearsals are continuing with the text by A. Strindberg , with a play by the Japanese playwright B. Minor. Sketches are being prepared for 8 monologues “Mimiambov” (one-man show) A one-man show about love from D. Verg’s story “The Wolf” and the Muscovite play “Penelope” by Yu. Volkov are waiting for entourage. Sketches are being prepared for the text of the African Tutuola 's story “Journey to the City of the Dead” and “Medieval French Farces”. Waiting for the artist's play N. Samvelyan's "Night Guest". At B. Ponizovsky, an exhibition and sale of twelve miniatures (brooches) takes place in Amsterdam in the Ra gallery. A batch of fifty miniatures taken to Moscow for an exhibition and sale in South Korea.

The struggle continues for the premises belonging to the theater since 1989.

Boris Yurievich Ponizovsky died on June 3, 1995 . On the headstone he is depicted, as he himself described in the epigraph to the above autobiography, which he called "Naturalness":

• Autobiography of Boris Ponizovsky

• BBC documentary, short about the Yes-No Theater
• Novaya Gazeta, No. 57 dated July 30, 2007, Man-Theater
• About Ponizovsky
• Memoirs of Henri Volokhonsky
• Magazine.ru, The mystical improvisator gesture in the open space of the stage, Conversation with the director of the DaNet theater Boris Ponizovsky
• Premiere of altruism or doubt in the premiere - Literary and Artistic Almanac "Unnoticed Land", Moscow-Petersburg, Association "New Literature", 1991, pp. 303–327
• Remembering Boris Yuryevich Ponizovsky
• Channel 5, the program "Cultural layer". Issue "Boris Ponizovsky Theater" March 23, 2006
• Kukuy I. Atlantis Boris Ponizovsky