Kazakh culture

A lot of different concepts that characterize the culture of Kazakhstan, and each deserves a separate article.

Household items, such as: Yurt , Steppe Zergers , Piala , Kazakh National Clothes , Tubeteika , Saukele .

Musical Instruments: Dombra , Kobyz .

Many special names for professions and position in society: Akin , Biy , Zhyrau , Kagan , Khan , Batyr .

Many terms referring to holidays and events.

• Aytys
• Nauryz
• Altybakan - swing on six pillars
• "Shezhire" (Shezhіre, literally - pedigree) - a special form of the historical memory of the people, dedicated to history, the so-called "steppe oral historiography." ^[14] Shezhir names fathers, generation after generation.

In Kazakhstan, traditions are taken very seriously.

• Historical tradition and economic opportunities formed the basis for the development of foreign policy tasks and play a certain and important role there. These tasks were set by the Head of State as paramount, and they were reflected in the foreign policy concept of Kazakhstan. ^[15]
• The tradition turned out to be one of the components of the motto of Kazakhstan's chairmanship in the OSCE (four “T” - “trust” (trust), “tradition” (tradition), “transparency” (transparency) and “tolerance”). ^[sixteen]
• The Doctrine of National Unity is based on the same principles (4T). ^[17]

National Sports

• Baiga - a jump to a distance of 10 shakyrym (one “shakyrym” is approximately half a kilometer. Usually it was equal to the distance from which it was possible to shout to another person and call him: “shagyru” - “to call.”)
• Alaman-Baiga - long distance racing (40 shakyrym)
• Zhorga-Zharys - horse racers
• Kyz Kuu (pursuit of a girl) - catch up on horseback between a girl and a guy
• Kokpar - kozlodranie (the struggle of horsemen for the goat’s carcass) ^[18]
• Tenge Alu - raise a coin running and other dzhigitovka
• Sais - fighting riding horses
• Kazaksha kures - national Kazakh wrestling
• Togyz kumalak - nine balls (board game)
• Asyk ^[19] is a game of lamb knee bones on the court (similar to playing grandma) ^[20] .
• Jamba atu - shooting at a highly suspended “jamba” target riding a fast galloping horse.
• Tartyspak - team horse game for pulling off the horses.

Film Studio Kazakhfilm named after Shaken Aimanov

Abai Kunanbayev , M. Makatayev , Shakarim , A. Baitursynov , Chokan Valikhanov , Olzhas Suleimenov , Mukhtar Auezov , Saken Seyfullin , etc.

See 200 Kazakh songs

• Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yassavi in the city of Turkestan - UNESCO declared World Heritage Site .
• The Arystan Baba Mausoleum is a monument of ancient architecture of the XI century in the city of Turkestan (city) .
• Necropolis Beket-Ata
• Babaji Khatun Mausoleum, a monument of ancient architecture of the XI century in the city of Taraz .
• Aisha Bibi Mausoleum, a monument of the XII century in the city of Taraz .
• Baiterek
• Koktube
• Monument of Independence in Almaty
• Sports complex Medeo
• Hotel Kazakhstan

In 2009, historical monuments that were not previously restored were restored. According to the Minister of Culture and Information, a total of 49 archaeological studies were conducted in 2009. The restoration work of 26 historical and cultural monuments was organized. ^[21]

Kazakh language ( Kazakh. Kazakh tili, قازاق ٴتىلى, qazaq tili ) is the state language of the Republic of Kazakhstan .

The Kazakh language is part of the Kypchak subgroup of Turkic languages ( Tatar , Bashkir , Karachay-Balkar , Kumyk , Karaim , Crimean Tatar , Karakalpak , Karagash , Nogai ). Together with the Nogai, Karakalpak and Karagach languages, it belongs to the Kypchak-Nogai branch ^[22] .

The basis of many dishes - "ET" (meat). The most common dish is beshbarmak , which consists of boiled fresh horse meat, sometimes lamb with slices of thinly rolled boiled dough (kamyr). To the dish is served gravy from onion stewed in fat from the broth. Also popular are kuyrdak (fried pieces of liver, kidney, lungs, heart, etc.), kespe or salma (noodles), sorp (meat broth), ak-sorpa (milk soup with meat, or just meat soup with kurt ). The main dishes often also include a variety of cooked sausages - kazy (horse meat sausage, divided by fat), map , shuzhik . Previously, the stuffed stomach once baked in the ashes (similar to haggis), once popular with shepherds, also belonged to the main dishes, but now it belongs to exotic even among Kazakhs.

Popular dishes are: “sirne” (roasted young lamb cooked in a cauldron with onions and potatoes) and “Palau” (pilau in Kazakh style with a lot of meat and carrots)

Of the fish dishes, the most famous Koktal is hot smoked fish, seasoned with vegetables.

Mutton, beef, horsemeat, rarely camel meat are widely used for cooking. The use of fish and seafood is traditional for residents of the Caspian and Aral coasts. In connection with the nomadic way of life, the bird was not bred, and was present only as a game for hunters.

In addition to meat dishes, there is a wide variety of dairy dishes and drinks: koumiss ( sour mare's milk ), shubat (sour camel's milk), days (cow's milk), ayran (kefir), kaymak (sour cream), kilegey (cream), sary-may (salted butter), suzba (cottage cheese), katyk (medium between yogurt and cottage cheese), kurt (dried salted cottage cheese), irimshyk (dried sheep milk curd), shalap or ashmal (liquid yogurt), skin (cereal drink) and etc.

The famous sweets include “sherperpek” - a mixture of honey and horse fat from “kazy”. Basically it was on the dastarkhan of the Kazakh bais.

Traditional bread of three types: baursaks - round or square pieces of dough fried in boiling oil in a cauldron, dough cakes fried in boiling oil - shelpek and “taba-nan”, tandyr - cakes, baked in clay frying pans under dung. The most common are baursaks, as they are easily prepared in field conditions - in a cauldron, and now traditionally prepared for any holiday, undoubtedly being an additional decoration of the festive table, while the tandyr requires tandyr stoves and skims mostly in sedentary places on the Great Silk Road, some winter camps with pastures (Kystau - winter quarters)).

Also: “ Talkan ”, “ Jarme ”, “ Zhent ”, “ Balauyz ”, “ Balkaymak ”, Tokash , Chak-Chak

The main types of traditional bread: Taba-nan (taba-pan) - bread baked on coals (the dough is baked between two pans), baursak (small bun), shelpek (thin cake), shek-shek (chak-chak) and tandyr-nan .

Of the main drinks is tea . Any dastarkhan ends with tea drinking. Moreover, the Kazakh-style tea is a strong cream tea, just like English tea . Tea consumption in Kazakhstan is one of the highest in the world - 1.2 kilograms per person per year. For comparison, in India it is only 650 grams per capita.