Frog frogfish , or Common Vodokras ( lat. Hydrócharis mórsus-ránae ) - a species of aquatic plants of the genus Vodokras ( Hydrocharis ) of the family Vodokrasovye .
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The scientific name of the genus , Hydrocharis is derived from Greek. ὕδωρ “water” and χάρις “decoration, charm”, that is, the name of the plant translates as “decoration of water”.
The species epithet is formed from lat. morsus - a bite and rana - a frog, that is, a "frog bite".
Content
Range
Vodokras is widespread in nature, it occurs from the tundra to the subtropical zone ( Western and Eastern Europe , the Caucasus , Western Siberia , the west of Eastern Siberia , Eastern Kazakhstan , Western China ). The representative of the flora of the middle band of the European part of Russia .
Naturalized throughout the world [2] .
Most often grows on the coastal surface of ponds, lakes, river elders , in quiet backwaters.
Ecology
Vodokras refers to plants floating on the surface of the water. Numerous branching roots of the aquaculture are immersed in water and extract nutrients directly from it. Lighting requires light, temperature - 18-20 ° C, and in summer up to 28 ° C.
Botanical Description
A perennial floating herb with a short rhizome , as if bitten from below (hence the name "morsus ranae" - a frog bite). Long adnexal roots are covered with thin hairs, inside of which the rotational movement of protoplasm takes place [3] . The entire vascular bundle in the roots is reduced at the aquaculture to a single narrow vessel [4] .
Each shoot begins with two short lower leaves , followed by up to five long- leaved leaves with rounded plates, with a heart-shaped base (like a water lily ), about 2.5 cm across; lateral laciform shoots emerge from the corners of the leaves, developing new leaves and additional roots at the ends. Having rotted away or torn away from the original plant, such an escape becomes independent; thus, the frogfish Aquaculture breeds in two ways [3] . In the fall, the foliage dies.
Dioecious plant: on some individuals only stamen (male) flowers , on others - fertile (female); come out on long legs from the corners of the leaves, at the beginning of flowering completely covered by one or two translucent covering leaves; there are one or two male flowers, rarely more, on each stalk, with 12-15 stamens and three white petals fused at the base; female - two with six undeveloped stamens, a multi-nested fruit and also three petals. [3] Two- lobed stigmas [5]
The fruits are not disclosed.
At the frog's water-coat, wintering (resting) buds are formed , long and dense, falling to the bottom and sprouting in the spring. [3]
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28 [6] .
Meaning and Application
Vodokras is an unpretentious plant that is used to decorate ponds and ponds.
It is an indicator of pure water, growing in it with the formation of thickets [7] .
Interesting Facts
In the dictionary of V.I. Dahl, vodokras is called the water carrier. [eight]
The Belarusian name of the plant is Zhabnik ( Belor. Zhabnik ). A stylized image of a water coat is located on the coat of arms of the Belarusian city of Zhabinka .
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of indicating the class of monocotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Monocotyledonous article .
- ↑ According to the GRIN website. See the Links section.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Water plants // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Root, part of plants // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ B.A. Fedchenko. Genus 68. Vodokras - Hydrocharis // Flora of the USSR : in 30 tons / hl. ed. V.L. Komarov . - L .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1934. - T. 1 / ed. volumes M. M. Ilyin . - S. 297-298. - 302, XVI p. - 5,000 copies.
- ↑ According to the EOL website. See References
- ↑ Biological indicators . Ecological dictionary . Academician (2000-2010). Date of treatment November 15, 2010. Archived on April 20, 2012.
- ↑ Irina Tugay . Vodokras in a garden pond / Article on Gardenia.ru
Literature
- Gubanov I.A. et al. 84. Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. - Frog, or ordinary water-color // Illustrated identifier of plants in Central Russia. In 3 t . - M .: T-in scientific. ed. KMK, Institute of Technology. ISS., 2002. - T. 1. Ferns, horsetails, crowns, gymnosperms, angiosperms (monocotyledons). - S. 164. - ISBN 8-87317-091-6 .
Links
- Irina Tugay . Vodokras in a garden pond / Article on Gardenia.ru website (Retrieved March 18, 2010)
- Vodokras. / An article in the Encyclopedia of Ornamental Garden Plants (Retrieved March 18, 2010)