Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire

Some of these countries were buffer states between the Ottoman Empire and the Christian countries of Europe or the Shiite countries of Asia. Some of them (the Crimean Khanate , the Principality of Wallachia , the Principality of Moldova , the Principality of Transylvania , existed on their own, others ( Bulgaria , Hungary , Serbia , Bosnia ) were eventually incorporated into the Ottoman state. Some territories ( Imereti , Megrelia , Chios , The Duchy of Naxos , Dubrovnik Republic ) had commercial value. The sacred cities, as well as such tributary territories of the Venetian Republic as the islands of Cyprus and Zakynthos , were not fully included in the Empire. territories like the Principality of Zeta or mountain Lebanon were not worth the effort that their subordination would require.

• In a number of states that are part of the eyelid system , the sanjak bay was appointed from among the local residents, or transferred his post by inheritance (for example, in Samtskhe-Javakheti or some Kurdish sanjaks ). In some regions it was allowed to choose their own leaders (such as, for example, Albania , Epirus , Morea , Montenegro ), some territories were de facto independent (barbaric "regencies" Algeria , Tunisia , Tripolitania , later Egypt under the rule of the Khedives ).
• Outside the ejaculate system were states such as the Principality of Wallachia , the Principality of Moldova and the Principality of Transylvania , which paid tribute to the Ottoman Empire and in which Porta had the right to appoint and remove rulers, keep garrisons and control foreign policy.
• Countries such as the Dubrovnik Republic paid tribute for the integrity of their territory and recognized Ottoman sovereignty.
• The sheriff of Mecca recognized Ottoman sovereignty, but Porta was already paying him a subsidy.

There were also vassals of the so-called “second order” —for example, the Nogai Horde or the Circassians , who were vassals of the Crimean Khan, or some Berbers and Arabs who paid tribute to the North African Bayler Bey .

Some countries paid tribute for territories that legally belonged to the Ottoman Empire but were not controlled by it - for example, the Habsburgs for Royal Hungary or the Venetian Republic for Zakynthos .

• Prilepsky kingdom (1371–1395)
• Principality of Velbyzhd (1371–1395)
• Byzantine Empire (1373-1394 vassal; 1424-1452 tributary)
• Bulgarian Kingdom (Tarnovo) (1373-1393)
• Dobrudjan principality (1387–1395)
• Moravian Serbia (1390–1402)
• Vukova land (1392-1412)
• Principality of Wallachia (1395-1397, 1417-1861 with interruptions)
• Bulgarian Kingdom (Vidin) (1396-1422)
• Duchy of Saint Sava (1435-1444, 1469-1483)
• Principality of Moldova (1456-1861 with interruptions; the first few decades - tributary, with the gradual transformation into a vassal)
• The Trebizond Empire (1456–1461 tributary)
• Dubrovnik Republic (1458-1808)
• Crimean Khanate (1478-1774)
  • Budzhak Horde (? -1807)
  • The Edisan Horde (? —1770)
  • Yedishkul Horde ( Ukrainian ) (? —1770)
  • Jamboyluk Horde (? —1770)
  • Circassian principalities and tribes
    • Kabarda (? —1739)
  • Khan's Ukraine ( Ukrainian ) (1684-1760)
• Lebanon under the rule of the Ma'an dynasties (1516-1697) and Shehab (1697-1840)
• Mecca Sheriffat (1517-1803)
• Principality of Transylvania (1543–1692 intermittently)
• Kingdom of the Abdalvadids (1554–1556)
• Imereti kingdom (1555-1804)
  • Principality of Abkhazia (1555-1810)
  • Principality of Guria (1555-1804)
  • Principality of Megrell (1557-1803)
  • Principality of Svaneti (1555-1833)
• Duchy of Naxos (1566–1579)
• Tarkovsky shamshalstvo (1590 — XVII century)
• Right-Bank Hetman (Right-Bank Army Zaporizhzhya) (1669-1683)
• Principality of Upper Hungary under the administration of Imre Tököli (1682–1685)
• Barbarian coast
  • Beylik Tunisia (1705-1881)
  • Vilayet (Pashlyk) Tripolitania under the control of the Karamanli dynasty (1711-1835)
  • Eyalet (Deylik) Algeria (1515-1570, 1711-1830)
• Republic of the Seven Islands (1800-1807)
• Principality of Serbia (1817-1830; within the new borders of 1833-1878)
• Principality of Samos (1832-1912)
• The United Principality of Wallachia and Moldova (Romanya Prensliği) (1862-1877)
• Egyptian Khedivat (1867-1914)
  • Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1899-1914)
• State of Qatar (1871-1916)
• Emirate of Jebel Shammar (1876-1921)
• Principality of Bulgaria (Bulgaristan Prensliği) (1878-1908)
• Eastern Rumelia (1878-1908)
• Cretan state (1898-1913)
• North Caucasus Emirate (1919-1920)