Intersectoral scientific and technical complex "Eye Microsurgery"

The research underlying the methods used in the clinic has been conducted since 1967 by a team of enthusiasts, which included S. N. Fedorov, V. D. Zakharov, E. I. Zakharova, A. A. Ivashina and A. I. Kolinko.

One of the priorities of the group's research was the creation of an intraocular lens. The progressiveness of the technique consisted in the fact that up to this point, domestic ophthalmic science implied only that a foreign body can be removed from the eye, but not put into it at all. Scientists were successful, and the samples they created of artificial lenses successfully helped people see.

In 1974, the laboratory officially became an independent institution - the Moscow Research Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Eye Surgery (MNILEKKHG). From this moment, the applied treatment technique became widely known in the USSR . The laboratory was initially located on the territory of the 50th city hospital, later on the territory of the 81st city hospital.

However, the space provided was small and insufficient to receive everyone. By order of Decree No. 491 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of April 24, 1986, not far from Hospital No. 81 (on Beskudnikovsky Boulevard ), construction began on the complex of buildings of the Republican Hospital.

By a decree of the Government of the USSR of September 11, 1980, MNILEKKHG was reorganized into the Moscow Research Institute of Eye Microsurgery. Later, in 1986, a decree of the USSR government was adopted, signed by N. I. Ryzhkov , according to which branches were built in 11 cities of the USSR: Moscow, Leningrad, Volgograd, Krasnodar, Cheboksary, Novosibirsk, Kaluga, Sverdlovsk, Tambov, Khabarovsk, Irkutsk, Orenburg ^[2] .

The following tasks were set for the newly created complex:

• the creation of advanced technology and new methods for the surgical treatment of eye diseases;
• the organization of the widespread use of the complex’s developments in the practice of providing ophthalmological care to the population, the introduction of new methods and tools in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of eye diseases;
• conducting research, development and technological work on the creation of high-quality instruments, tools and materials, manufacturing prototypes and bringing them together with interested ministries and departments to mass production;
• organization of work on invention and rationalization on the basis of long-term plans for research work and implementation plans, timely use of inventions and rationalization proposals;
• creation of information funds reflecting the latest achievements of domestic and foreign science in the field of ophthalmosurgery, organization of information support for interested organizations and enterprises;
• conducting and coordinating fundamental as well as applied research and development on the relevant tasks of the Comprehensive Program for the Scientific and Technical Progress of the CMEA Member Countries;
• development and improvement of organizational, socio-economic and economic fundamentals of managing the complex, ensuring broad participation of the labor collective in management, developing socialist competition, implementing measures for the social development of the collective, improving the cultural and living conditions of employees, creating favorable sanitary and hygienic and safe conditions labor.

Along with scientific activities, the complex provides advisory and therapeutic assistance; by 1989, the estimated load of one branch was 12-15 thousand surgical operations per year. The entire network of 12 branches is capable of producing 220-250 thousand operations per year. Each branch includes an operating unit and a boarding house with 300 seats.

A distinctive feature of the complex in the 1980-1990s was the principle of the conveyor - both at the diagnostic stage and during operations, which allowed to significantly increase throughput.

In 1982, ISTC staff S. Yu. Anisimova (who later created her ophthalmologic clinic ^[3] ) and V. I. Kozlov created a new method for the surgical treatment of glaucoma - non-penetrating deep sclerectomy. In the future, this technique, due to its high level of effectiveness and low probability of complications, became one of the most common anti-glaucomatous operations in the world.

In the mid-1980s, S. N. Fedorov, together with leading Nobel Prize winners N. G. Basov and A. M. Prokhorov (Institute of General Physics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR) developed and created a series of Profiler excimer laser systems and a method for the treatment of myopia . The laser installation option, modernized in 1995, made it possible to perform operations with myopia without mechanical impact on the eye and exceeded the foreign analogues available by that time.

Currently, MNTK provides services both free of charge (as part of the compulsory medical insurance program) and on a commercial basis. The current facilities of the complex allow up to 700 thousand examinations and 300 thousand operations to be carried out annually.

After the tragic death of S. N. Fedorov in 2000, the ISTC was given the name of the founder and permanent leader, a memorial plaque was installed at the entrance. An office museum has been organized on the territory of the complex, which is managed by the daughter of a scientist, Olga Svyatoslavovna Fedorova.

In January 2001, H.P. Takhchidi was appointed the head of the ISTC Microsurgery of the Eye, who had previously headed the Yekaterinburg branch of the complex. On November 22, 2011, Alexander Chukhraev , professor, doctor of medical sciences, became the general director.

The journals Ophthalmosurgery and New in Ophthalmology, scientific and educational literature, and monographs are published. As part of the ISTC, a hotel is functioning for patients and accompanying persons. There are buffets, a dining room, a cafe, an optics salon.

Branches

• Volgograd branch: Volgograd , st. Zemlyachki, d. 80
• Irkutsk branch: Irkutsk , st. Lermontova, d. 337
• Krasnodar branch: Krasnodar , st. Red partisans, d. 6
• Kaluga branch: Kaluga , st. Vishnevsky, house 1a
• Novosibirsk branch: Novosibirsk , st. Kolkhidskaya, 10
• Orenburg branch: Orenburg , st. Salmyshskaya, d.17
• St. Petersburg branch: St. Petersburg , ul. Y. Hasek, d.21
• Tambov branch: Tambov , Rasskazovskoe highway, 1
• Khabarovsk branch: Khabarovsk , st. Pacific, d. 211
• Cheboksary branch: Cheboksary , Tractor Builders Ave., 10

There are also representative offices (“consultative diagnostic methods”) in the cities:

• Belgorod
• Vladimir
• Vyazma
• Zheleznogorsk
• Klimovsk
• Kolomna
• Naro-Fominsk
• Novomoskovsk (Tula region)
• Podolsk
• Protvino
• Safonovo
• Smolensk
• Troitsk and others

• In October 2009, the MTC “Eye Microsurgery” underwent a five millionth operation since the foundation of the complex ^[4] .
• MNTK - the clinical base of the Department of Ophthalmology, Moscow State Medical and Dental University . S. N. Fedorov, until his death, headed this department.
• In 1991 MNTK "Eye Microsurgery" became one of the founders of JSC NPF "Perftoran", producing blood substitute perftoran .

• Official site of MNTK “Eye Microsurgery” .