Anectochil [2] ( lat. Anoectochilus ) is a genus of perennial herbaceous plants of the Orchidaceae family ( Orchidaceae ). Other Russian names are also found in the literature: Anectochilus [3] , Anectochilus [4] .
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An abbreviation of the generic name in amateur and industrial floriculture is Anct. [5] .
In floriculture, species of this genus belong to the group of so-called “precious orchids” (Jewel orchids). Their value is based not on the beauty of the flowers, but on the color characteristics of the leaves. In addition to representatives of the genus Anoectochilus , other representatives of the Goodyerinae subtribe include Macodes , Ludisia , Dossinia , Goodyera , Zeuxcine, and others [6] .
All species of the genus Anoectochilus are included in Appendix II of the CITES Convention. The purpose of the Convention is to ensure that international trade in wild animals and plants does not endanger their survival.
Content
- 1 Synonyms
- 2 Etymology
- 3 Distribution
- 4 Biological Description
- 5 Views
- 6 In culture
- 7 Diseases and pests
- 8 Notes
- 9 Literature
- 10 Links
Synonyms
According to the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew [7] :
- Chrysobaphus Wall. , 1826
- Anectochilus Blume , 1858, orth. var.
Etymology
The name is associated with the special structure of the lip and comes from the Greek words ἀνοίγω (anoektos) - open, open and χεῖλος (chielos) - lip [8] .
Distribution
Terrestrial plants, less often lithophytes in moist forests.
Continental tropical Asia , Indonesia , Australia , islands of the Western Pacific [9] .
Biological Description
Low rhizome plants with creeping horizontal stems .
The leaves are relatively large, ovate or lanceolate, velvety, forming a fairly dense rosette. Leaf blade often with sparkling silver, gold and reddish veins.
Inflorescences erect multi-flowered brush with glandular pubescence.
The flowers are small, inconspicuous. Sepals are free. The upper sepal with petals forms a "helmet". Petals are small, narrowly pointed.
The lip is straight, fused to the base of the column , with a spur . The column is short. Polylines on long or short caudicles [8] .
Views
Botanical illustration from Curtis's Botanical Magazine, 1918
Botanical illustration from Die Orchideen von Java, Figurenatlas, 1908
According to the database of The Plant List (2013), the genus includes 43 species [10] .
- Anoectochilus albolineatus ECParish & Rchb.f. , 1874
- Anoectochilus albomarginatus Loudon , 1855
- Anoectochilus annamensis Aver. 2005
- Anoectochilus baotingensis ( KYLang ) Ormerod , 2003
- Anoectochilus brevilabris Lindl. , 1840
- Anoectochilus burmannicus Rolfe , 1922
- Anoectochilus calcareus Aver. 1997
- Anoectochilus chapaensis Gagnep. , 1931
- Anoectochilus dewildeorum Ormerod , 2005
- Anoectochilus elatus Lindl. , 1857
- Anoectochilus emeiensis KYLang , 1982
- Anoectochilus falconis Ormerod , 2005
- Anoectochilus flavescens Blume , 1825
- Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata , 1914
- Anoectochilus geniculatus Ridl. , 1896
- Anoectochilus grandiflorus Lindl. , 1857
- Anoectochilus hainanensis HZTian , FWXing & L. Li , 2008
- Anoectochilus imitans Schltr. , 1906
- Anoectochilus insignis Schltr. , 1911
- Anoectochilus integrilabris Carr , 1935
- Anoectochilus kinabaluensis ( Rolfe ) JJWood & Ormerod , 1994
- Anoectochilus klabatensis ( Schltr. ) S. Thomas , Schuit. & de Vogel , 2002
- Anoectochilus koshunensis Hayata , 1914
- Anoectochilus longicalcaratus JJSm. , 1922
- Anoectochilus lylei Rolfe ex Downie , 1925
- Anoectochilus malipoensis WHChen & YMShui
- Anoectochilus monicae JJWood , 2004
- Anoectochilus narasimhanii Sumathi & al., 2003
- Anoectochilus nicobaricus NP Balakr. & P. Chakra. 1979
- Anoectochilus papillosus Aver. , 2007
- Anoectochilus papuanus ( Schltr. ) W. Kittr. 1985
- Anoectochilus pectinatus ( Hook.f. ) Ridl. , 1907
- Anoectochilus pingbianensis KYLang , 1996
- Anoectochilus reinwardtii Blume , 1858
- Anoectochilus rhombilabius Ormerod , 2002
- Anoectochilus roxburghii ( Wall. ) Lindl.
- Anoectochilus sandvicensis Lindl. , 1840
- Anoectochilus setaceus Blume , 1825 typus
- Anoectochilus subregularis ( Rchb.f. ) Ormerod , 1996
- Anoectochilus sumatranus ( JJSm. ) JBComber , 2001
- Anoectochilus xingrenensis ZHTsi & XHJin , 2002
- Anoectochilus yatesiae FMBailey , 1907
- Anoectochilus zhejiangensis Z. Wei & YBChang , 1989
In Culture
The beginning of the history of precious orchids in Russia is connected with the name of Edward Regel , a natural scientist who mentioned them in his books. In 1899, at the International Gardening Exhibition in St. Petersburg, the Russian florist F.I. Kekhli, among others, also demonstrated the representatives of the genus Anoectochilus , whom he successfully grew at home under glass caps and in special glass balls.
In the XX century, the development of the culture of these plants is associated with the name of another collector - N. A. Bersenev. Thanks to him, unique decorative varieties of precious orchids were preserved that no longer exist for one reason or another in nature. The collection of precious orchids he collected has been repeatedly awarded world awards. Representatives of the genus Anoectochilus with a golden-white mesh on the leaves, there were more than 100 species [6] .
Currently, numerous hybrids created with the participation of Anoectochilus have spread:
- × Dossinochilus ( Dsh. ) = Dossinia × Anoectochilus
- × Goodisachilus = Goodyera × Ludisia × Anoectochilus
- × Ludochilus ( Lud. ) = Ludisia × Anoectochilus
- × Anoectodes = Macodes × Anoectochilus [11]
- × Anoectomaria ( Anctma. ) = Haemaria × Anoectochilus [12]
Pots for adult plants are recommended to use wide and not too deep. Good drainage is very important.
Relative humidity is high.
Substrate: breathable mixtures for orchids. Mixture Options:
- Vermiculite , polystyrene , pieces of pine bark (about 1 cm), small pieces of charcoal . In the upper part of the pot is sphagnum .
- At the bottom of the pot, they are placed in 1-2 cm layers: crushed polystyrene, a mixture of peat , pine bark, needles and charcoal, on top of leafy soil or sphagnum.
Light: 5000-1000000 lux [13] .
Diseases and Pests
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of indicating the class of monocotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Monocotyledonous article .
- ↑ Russian name of the taxon - according to the following edition:
- Schroeter A.I. , Panasyuk V.A. Dictionary of Plant Names = Dictionary of Plant Names / Int. union biol. Sciences, Nat. Biologists of Russia, Vseros. instit lek. and aromatic. plants Ros. agricultural farm. academies; Ed. prof. V.A. Bykova. - Koenigstein: Koeltz Scientific Books, 1999 .-- S. 59. - 1033 p. - ISBN 3-87429-398-X .
- ↑ The Russian name of the genus “Anectochilus” is used in the following edition:
- Cherevchenko T.M. Tropical and subtropical orchids - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1993.
- ↑ The Russian name of the genus “Anectochilius” is used in the following edition:
- Selezneva V.A. Tropical and subtropical orchids. - M .: Nauka, 1965.
- ↑ Alphabetical list of standard abbreviations of all generic names. occurring in current use in orchid hybrid registration as at 31st December 2007 Archived September 10, 2016.
- ↑ 1 2 Arkhipov E. Gem Leaves. Science and life. No. 2, 2005
- ↑ World Checklist of Anoectochilus . The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ↑ 1 2 Cherevchenko T.M. Tropical and subtropical orchids - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1993.
- ↑ Averyanov L.V. Key to Orchidaceae (Orchidaceae Juss.) Of Vietnam. - St. Petersburg: Peace and Family, 1994 .-- 432 p.
- ↑ Anoectochilus (English) . The Plant List . Version 1.1. (2013). Date of appeal October 16, 2016.
- ↑ Alphabetical one-table list of genera and intergeneric combinations. The International Orchid Register Archived on October 28, 2011.
- ↑ RVO's Orchid Genus Listing
- ↑ E.V. Fedotova. Precious orchids - anectochylus. On the site orchis.ru
Literature
- Averyanov L.V. Key to Orchidaceae (Orchidaceae Juss.) Of Vietnam. - St. Petersburg: Peace and Family, 1994 .-- 432 p.
- Rodin D. Precious Orchids. Living gems in the world of orchids.
- Arkhipov E. Gem Leaves. Science and life. No. 2, 2005
- Cherevchenko T.M. Tropical and subtropical orchids - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1993.
- Selezneva V.A. Tropical and subtropical orchids. M.: Science, 1965.
- Ormerod P , 2005, Notulae Goodyerinae (II). Taiwania 50.1-10.
- Ormerod P , 2003, Orchidaceous additions to the floras of China and Taiwan. Taiwania 48. (2): 87–93.
- Kumar M, Manilal KS , 1993, Morphology and floral anatomy of some saprophytic orchids. J. Orchid Soc. India 6. (1-2): 115-124.
- Teuscher H , 1978, Collector's item: Erythrodes, Goodyera, Haemaria and Macodes, with Anoectochilus. Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 47. (2): 121-129.