Arthur III (Duke of Brittany)

The coat of arms of the constable of Rishmon before he became duke of breton

Arthur de Richmond was the second son of the duke of Breton Jean V (IV) and Jeanne of Navarre .

In the struggle of the Burginions and Armagnacs, Rishmon supported the Armagnacs and was opposed to the British. In 1415, Rishmon took part in the battle of Azincourt , which ended with the defeat of the French army. Rishmon himself was seriously wounded, the British found him on the battlefield half-dead, under a pile of dead bodies.

He remained in English captivity until 1420, the captivity was very easy, as his mother, who married the king of England Henry IV after the death of the Duke of Breton and lived in widow again, lived in London , and Arthur was settled with her. Rishmon eventually was able to regain health, although his face remained scarred.

In 1420 he was released by the British after promising to take their side and support the treaty in Troyes . His relationship with the Anglo-Burgundian coalition only intensified after his marriage with Margarita of Burgundy, the daughter of the Duke of Burgundy Jean the Fearless .

Soon, however, Rishmont quarreled with the British and went over to the side of the Dauphin Carl . In 1425, he was appointed consignee of France, but soon because of the intrigues at the court of the dauphin, mainly due to Rishmont Georges de La Tremay , an adviser to the king, he was forced to leave the court.

In 1429, Rishmont and his detachment joined the army of Joan of Arc on the eve of the battle of Pat . Rishmon took part in this battle, which ended in a brilliant victory for the French. Zhanna made efforts to reconcile Rishmon with the king and achieved a certain result, but Rishmon was never invited to the coronation of Charles in Reims .

In 1432, the personal enemy of the constable, de La Tremuille, was sent into exile, in retaliation, he attempted to poison Rishmon, but she failed.

Rishmon, who had again become a favorite, led the royal army and began to take vigorous measures to expel the British from the country. In 1436, he entered Paris with an army.

After 10 years, he took an active part in the liberation of Normandy . Together with the Duke de Clermont, Rishmon commanded the French army, which had won a brilliant victory over the British under Formini in 1450.

Rishmon was the initiator of military reform, which allowed the poorly organized army of French knights to be transformed into a regular and professional army.

In 1457, Arthur de Rishmont became the duke of Brittany after the death of his nephew Pierre II .

He showed great respect for Brittany. He stated: “As constable I am under the command of the king, but the duchy was never part of the kingdom. As a duke, I will not give up the words in my oath, and I will defend and support the prerogatives of my country. ”

A year later, in December 1458, he died in Nantes and was buried in the city cathedral. Arthur Francis II 's nephew became the new duke.

Arthur III was married three times:

• October 10, 1423 in Dijon on Margarita of Burgundy, daughter of the Duke of Burgundy Jean Fearless .
• August 29, 1442 in Neracque on Joan II d'Albre (1425-1444), Countess de Dreux , daughter of Charles II d'Albre and Anna d'Armagnac
• July 2, 1446 on Catherine (died 1492), the daughter of Pierre I de Luxembourg-Saint-Paul , Count de Saint-Paul and de Brienne

All marriages were childless.

• Dukes of Brittany 1213-1514 (Dreux-Capet) (English) . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. The appeal date is October 15, 2012.