Fès [1] [2] ( Arabic. فاس , Fas [3] , Berber. ⴼⴰⵙ , Fr. Fès ) is the oldest of the four imperial cities of Morocco and the largest center of Islamic culture and education in northern Africa. The administrative center of the Fes - Meknes region , which forms the prefecture of Fes.
| City | |
| Fez | |
|---|---|
| Arab. فاس , Berber. ⴼⴰⵙ | |
 | |
| A country |  Morocco |
| Region | Fes - Meknes |
| Prefecture | Fez |
| The mayor | Idriss Azami al-Idrissi |
| History and Geography | |
| Based | in 789 |
| Square | |
| Center height | 407 m |
| Climate type | tropical |
| Timezone | UTC0 , summer UTC + 1 |
| Population | |
| Population | ↗ 1,112,072 people ( 2014 ) |
| Density | 11327 people / km² |
| Nationalities | Arabs , Berbers , etc. |
| Denominations | Sunni Muslims |
| Official language | Arab |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | 05356 |
| Postcode | 30000 - 30206 |
| fescity.com | |
The population of Fez, according to the 2014 census, is 1,112,072 people. It is the second largest city of Morocco after Casablanca .
Content
History
A settlement on the eastern bank of the Fes River was founded approx. 789 by Idris I. The part of the city on the opposite side of the river - 20 years later, was founded by his son Idris II , who made Fez the capital of the state of Idrisides ( state of Fez ). Almoravids in the 11th century united both parts of the city, and under the Almohad at the end of the 12th century, Fez became one of the largest cities in the Islamic world. In the mid-14th century, the Marinids restored Fez as the capital of Morocco and decorated it with new buildings.
Geography
Fez consists of three parts:
- Fes al-Bali - an old medina , surrounded by a medieval wall - one of the largest pedestrian zones in the world. It is listed among World Heritage sites since 1981.
- Fes-Dzhid is the second medina, founded in the 13th century by the Marinids. This quarter is replete with monuments of the Marinid era, including the Emir’s palace and a minaret tiled with polychrome tiles. The ancient Fess ghetto is located in the same area. Most of its inhabitants have left for Israel in recent decades.
- New Fez - founded in 1916 by Marshal Hubert Liotey in accordance with the principles of European urban planning. After signing the Fes Treaty in 1912, Morocco became a French protectorate for half a century.
Climate
| Climate Fes | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average maximum, ° C | sixteen | 17 | nineteen | 21 | 24 | 28 | 33 | 33 | 29th | 24 | nineteen | sixteen | 23 |
| Average minimum ° C | 6 | 7 | eight | 9 | 14 | 15 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 13 | 9 | 9 | 12 |
| Precipitation rate, mm | 71 | 102 | 94 | 89 | 53 | 25 | 3 | 3 | 18 | 64 | 89 | 86 | 695 |
| Source: Lat34North.com, Yahoo.com [4] [5] | |||||||||||||
Attractions
- Al Attarin Madrasah
- Madrasah Bou Inania
- Shuar Dyeing
- Jnan Sbil Garden (Jnan Sibil, also known as the Boujelud Gardens)
- Borj Nord
- Bab Bujelud Mosque
- Gates Bab Buzhelud (Fes business card)
- Al-Tajimuati Mosque [6]
Al-Karaouin
Among the attractions of Fez, the first place belongs to the religious and educational complex Al-Karaouin , which was founded in 859 by Fatima al-Fihri from Kairouan (hence the name). The Guinness Book of Records recognizes him as "the world's oldest permanent institution of higher education." Al-Karaouin Mosque was constantly expanding and by the end of the Middle Ages it became the largest in North Africa, accommodating up to 20 thousand believers. On the territory of Al-Karaouin is the tomb of the founder of Fez - Idris II.
Holidays and Festivals
Since 1994, Fez has hosted the festival of sacred music “Fès des Musiques Sacrées”, which makes the city a cult place among fans of world music and folk. The UN recognized this musical symposium as one of the most important world events that contribute to building dialogue between nations.
Twin Cities
- Al-Quds ( Arabic: القُدس ), Palestinian Authority [7]
- Antwerpen ( Netherlands. Antwerpen ), Belgium
- Bobo-Dioulasso ( French Bobo-Dioulasso ), Burkina Faso
- Izmir ( Turkish : İzmir ), Turkey
- Kairouan ( Arabic: القيروان ), Tunisia
- Cordoba ( Spanish: Córdoba ), Spain
- Coimbra ( port. Coimbra ), Portugal
- Lahore ( Urdu لاہور ) , Pakistan
- Montpellier ( fr. Montpelier , ox. Monpelhi & grave; r ), France
- Multan ( Urdu ملتان ) , Pakistan
- Puebla de Zaragoza ( Spanish: Puebla de Zaragoza ), Mexico
- Saint-Louis ( Fr. Saint-Louis ), Senegal
- Strasbourg ( French Strasbourg ), France
- Suwon ( box 수원시, 水 原 市 ), South Korea
- Tlemcen ( Arabic: تلمسان ), Algeria
- Florence ( Italian: Firenze ), Italy
Gallery
Bab el Maksen, gate of Fes-Dzhid, the new medina
Jewish Quarter Street
Street of the new medina, Fes-Dzhid
Street of the new medina, Fes-Dzhid
Street of the old medina
Street of the old medina
Famous Natives
Born in Fez
See also
- Rebellion in Fez
Links
Notes
- ↑ Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Western Sahara // Atlas of the world / comp. and preparation. to the ed. PKO "Cartography" in 2009; ch. ed. G.V. Pozdnyak . - M .: PKO "Cartography": Onyx, 2010. - S. 142-143. - ISBN 978-5-85120-295-7 (Cartography). - ISBN 978-5-488-02609-4 (Onyx).
- ↑ Fes // Dictionary of geographical names of foreign countries / resp. ed. A.M. Komkov . - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Nedra , 1986.- S. 391.
- ↑ Instructions for the transfer on maps of the geographical names of Arab countries. - M .: Nauka, 1966 .-- S. 29.
- ↑ L34-Fes . Archived on August 5, 2012.
- ↑ Yahoo-Fes-stats . Date of treatment July 29, 2012. Archived June 8, 2011.
- ↑ Fez, a guide to Morocco (Russian) (neopr.) ? . Morocco.FalkTime (July 17, 2018). Circulation date May 9, 2019.
- ↑ Morocco does not recognize the existence of Israel . A partnership agreement was signed with the government of the Palestinian Authority, which exercises control only over the eastern part of Jerusalem
Literature
- Gusterin P.V. Cities of the Arab East. - M .: East-West, 2007 .-- 352 p. - (Encyclopedic reference book). - 2000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-478-00729-4