Inna, Pinna and Rimma ( dr. Greek Ἰννᾶς, Πιννᾶς καὶ Ριμμᾶς ) [1] - Christian saints of the II century [2] , revered in the face of the martyrs . The memory in the Orthodox Church takes place on February 2 (January 20) and July 3 (June 20) (transfer of relics). The Catholic Martyrology does not have the names of these saints. In the future, because of the end of “a,” their names were mistakenly considered to be female ( Inna , Pinna and Rimma ) and were taken from the clergy to name the girls [3] .
| Inna, Pinna and Rimma | |
|---|---|
 Miniature Basil II Minology | |
| Death | 2nd century New Dunajec |
| In the face | martyrs |
| Day of Remembrance | January 20 ( February 2 ), June 20 ( July 3 ) |
Biography
According to the life , the saints Rimma, Inna and Pinna were disciples of the Apostle Andrew the First-Called and conducted Christian preaching in their homeland in Scythia [4] . For this they were captured by the local ruler, who demanded that they make sacrifices to the pagan gods . The saints refused.
Then it was a cruel winter; the rivers were held together by frost so that not only people walked on the ice, but also horses and carts. The prince ordered to put large logs in ice, like whole trees, and to attach saints to them. So, when the water was agitated, and the ice gradually multiplied, so that it reached the neck of the saints, they, tormented by a terrible cold, betrayed their blessed souls to the Lord.
- Dimitry of Rostov . Memory of the Holy Martyrs Inna, Pinna and Rimma
Local Christians buried the remains of the martyrs, and then, according to legend, 7 years after their death, the saints, appearing in a dream to the bishop , ordered to bring their bodies to the port of Alisk ("dry refuge") [5] .
Source Analysis
The biography of the martyrs was preserved only in the form of an epitome of the 11th century, representing an extract from the not preserved “ Martyrdom ” of saints, attributable to the second half of the 4th century. Tales of martyrs are also known from the Byzantine synaxars of the 10th-13th centuries. The epitome calls the martyrs a clan “from the northern barbarian country”, and the place of their death is Gothia (in the Minology of Basil II , the archaic name Scythia is used ) [6] . Since Christianity among the Goths began to spread only in the IV century, and the middle of it is dated the struggle of the Gentiles and Christians that took place among the Gothic tribes beyond the Danube . For this reason, the connection of Inna, Pinna and Rimma with the Apostle Andrew the First-Called is an anachronism [6] .
Filaret (Gumilevsky) identified Inna, Pinna and Rimma with the martyrs Firs, Kyriakos and Gellinik, whose memory is cited on January 20 in the Martyrology of Jerome Stridorn [7] . In his opinion, they suffered a martyrdom in the city of New Dunajec (the modern city of Isakcha in Romania ) and were of Slavic origin. However, the opinion of Metropolitan Filaret is considered unfounded, since it is known that the martyr Kyriakus suffered in Nicomedia, and the martyrs Firs and Gellinickus in Bithynia [6] .
According to Yevgeny Golubinsky , the martyrs suffered in the Crimea , and he identifies the city of Alisk, where their relics were transferred, with modern Alushta [6] .
Notes
- ↑ In the 12th century Serbian Prologue , their names are Jenen, Niren, and Stump.
- ↑ II century - according to everyday literature; based on the circumstances of the martyrdom of the saints, their death is dated to the middle of the 4th century.
- ↑ Nikonov V.A. We are looking for a name. - M .: Soviet Russia, 1988 .-- S. 21.
- ↑ In the notes to the life of the saints, set forth by Demetrius of Rostov, it is indicated: “Here, of course, Lesser Scythia, stretching from the mouth of the Danube to Thrace. Saints Inna, Pinna and Rimma belonged to the agricultural tribe of the southern Slavs, who lived on the right bank of the Danube and on the western coast of the Black Sea. ”
- ↑ Inna // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Zaitsev D.V. Inna, Pinna and Rimma // Orthodox Encyclopedia . - M .: Church Scientific Center "Orthodox Encyclopedia" , 2009. - T. XXII. - S. 679-680. - 752 s. - 39,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-89572-040-0 .
- ↑ Filaret (Gumilevsky) . Saints of the southern Slavs: a description of their life. - SPb., 1894. - S. 30-33.