Pavlovsk Reservoir - a reservoir in the valley of the Ufa River, formed by the dam of the Pavlovsk Hydroelectric Power Station . The reservoir is a backup source of water supply for the city of Ufa .
| Pavlovsk reservoir | |
|---|---|
 View of the Pavlovsk reservoir | |
| Morphometry | |
| Dimensions | 150 × 1.8 km |
| Square | 116 km² |
| Volume | 1,411 km³ |
| Deepest | 35 m |
| Average depth | 11.7 m |
| Specifications | |
| Year of filling | 1961 |
| Pool | |
| Pool area | 47 100 km² |
| Flowing watercourses | Ufa , Yuryuzan , Tyu |
| Flowing watercourse | Ufa |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| The subject of the Russian Federation | Bashkortostan |
| HWR code | |
Location - the upper and middle reaches are located in the Karaidel district of the Republic of Bashkortostan , the lower part is between the Blagoveshchensky and Nurimanov regions of the republic.
The filling of the reservoir began 9 years after the start of construction of the hydroelectric power station - in 1959 and ended in 1961.
Content
Reservoir
The length of the reservoir is 150 km (from the village of Mullakaevo to the village of Pavlovka ). Channel type reservoir. The maximum width is 1750 m (average - 770 m) [2] . The average depth is 11.7 meters, in the dam part - up to 35 meters. The lower reaches are 170 km from the mouth of Ufa . The volume of water is 1.411 km³. The surface area is 116 km². [3]
The reservoir is located within the Ufa Plateau , in a very karst territory (it is the first large reservoir in the USSR in this type of territory) [2] .
The reservoir carries out seasonal, weekly and daily regulation of the flow of the Ufa River and its tributaries. The reservoir is filled to a normal retaining level (140 m) in the spring, and ends in late April - early May. Accumulates up to 16% of the spring flow of the river [2] . The accumulated volume of water is triggered in whole or in part in the same year. Operation starts in January and lasts for 140 days. The annual amplitude of water level fluctuations is on average 11 m [3] .
In the waterworks gauge, the catchment area is 47,100 km², the average annual runoff is 10.74 km³ per year, including the spring flood stock - 5.8 km³ [4] .
The reservoir is covered with ice from November to May; in February-March, the ice thickness reaches 70–80 cm. [3]
Pavlovsky waterworks
Pavlovsky waterworks is located near the village of Pavlovka, Nurimanovsky district . The hydroelectric complex includes a channel and floodplain dams, a dam and channel Pavlovskaya hydroelectric power station with an installed capacity of 166 MW and a single-chamber lock.
Class of hydraulic structures - II. Pavlovsky navigable lock - single-stage, dam, single-thread, mine, reinforced concrete, dock type. The main functional task of the airlock is to participate in maintaining a pressure front, to permit the passage of ships, rafts and catastrophic floods of rare frequency. The total length of the lock between the outer faces of the abutments is 164.16 m. The overall dimensions of the lock chamber are 120.0 × 15.0 m, while 23.6 m of the useful length of the chamber are assigned to the upper and lower heads, the chamber’s own length is 96.4 m. This is the original mine lock design, the patriarch of monolithic reinforced concrete hydraulic structures, the highest pressure lock in Europe [4] .
Transport
The Ufa River and Pavlovsk Reservoir are used as a transport waterway, mainly for transporting local goods to remote areas of the republic. In addition to the Ufa River, three small navigable tributaries flow into the Pavlovsk Reservoir: Bayki , Yuryuzan , Uryush [4] .
In 2010, an asphalt road was laid (7 km long) from the village of Pavlovka along the Pavlovsky reservoir to the tourist ski center Pavlovsky Park.
Highways around the Pavlovsk reservoir are poorly developed. The large length of the reservoir (150 km) leads to the need to go around it on major roads.
Recreation
There are 17 recreation centers on the territory of the Pavlovsk reservoir.
Notes
- ↑ Surface Water Resources of the USSR: Hydrological Understanding. T. 11. The Middle Urals and the Urals. Vol. 1. Kama / ed. V.V. Nikolaenko. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1966 .-- 324 p.
- ↑ 1 2 3 R.F. Abdrakhmanov, V.A. Tyur, A.O. Poleva, V.M. Yurov. Features of the hydrological and hydrochemical regimes of large reservoirs in the Southern Urals // Bulletin of Voronezh State University. Series: Geography. Geoecology. - Voronezh: Voronezh State University, 2009. - Vol. 1 . - S. 2330 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 A.N. Danilov. Pavlovsk reservoir // Bashkortostan. Brief Encyclopedia. - Ufa: Bashkir Encyclopedia, 1996.
- ↑ 1 2 3 V. M. Vorontsov, V. A. Krivoshey, A. B. Razgulyaev, V. I. Savenko. Inland waterways of Russia. - M .: On the Volga, 2003 .-- 186 p. - 2500 copies. - ISBN 5-901916-12-3 .
Literature
- The newspaper "Choice" No. 118-119 (10044-10045) from 08/11/2015. The article "The Land of a Thousand Lakes."