Ore

Traces of the settlement of the territory of Rudok go back to the III millennium BC. e., proof of which is the burial mound excavated here of the Early Bronze Age. The burial of the first centuries of our era is also found.

In the XIV century. The ores were the hamlet of the village of Benkova Vishny (now the village of Cherry). As a separate village was first mentioned in 1472. In the XV-XVIII centuries. it was part of the Przemysl region of the Russian Voivodeship of the Commonwealth and was owned by various feudal lords. The owners of the Rudok often changed. Rudki was subjected to great robberies by Polish and foreign troops during the wars waged by the feudal Commonwealth, as well as numerous Tatar raids. The Tatars first burned the village in 1450. They carried out a devastating raid after the defeat of the Polish forces near Tsutsora in 1620.

Favorable location on the trade route Lviv - Sambir contributed to the further development of Rudok. Passing merchants stayed here, peasants and artisans from neighboring villages gathered to sell agricultural products and handicrafts. Those who settled near the road were mainly engaged in trade and craft, and those further away - in agriculture and clay extraction in the quarry. Seymiks of the Przemysl gentry in Sudovaya Vishnu, in instructions to their ambassadors to the national parliament on January 11, 1645 and September 13, 1646, called Rudki the city and included those who were offered to give the right to a wine warehouse.

During the national liberation war of the Ukrainian people in 1648-1654. Rudki was ravaged by Polish-gentry troops and Tatars. Some of the inhabitants fell into the Tatar bondage, some died out of epidemics.

During the Polish-Turkish war of 1672-1676. the city of Rudki was again attacked by the Tatars.

In the first half of the XVIII century. Rudki received Magdeburg law , which finally legitimized their position as a city. However, by the beginning of the 70s. XVIII century they were not much different from the village. The main occupation of the population was agriculture. Merchants and artisans were also associated with it, using the estates and land in the suburbs adjacent to their houses. Trade and craft were local in nature and served mainly residents of the city, peasants from a neighboring estate and partly from neighboring villages. Among artisans the first place was occupied by shoemakers, then weavers, blacksmiths, saddlers, chariots and others came.

Most of the suburban lands were in the hands of the feudal lords of Fredrov (since 1753) and the Catholic Church. Land owned by Fredram was rented by merchants and artisans, for which they paid owners from 15 to 70 zloty chinsha . Komorniki lived and worked at the landowners, paying them 4 zlotys. Already in the XIV century. there was a catholic parish in the city. In 1660, the owner Rudok Grudovsky gave the Rudkovsky church tithes from his estates, the right to freely cut forests and fish in them. Significant financial assistance to the church was provided by the state.

In 1772, Rudki as part of Galicia fell under the rule of Austria-Hungary. In 1782-1918 they were a place and were part of the Sambir district, and since 1867 they became the center of the county. According to the classification of settlements in 1784-1785, Rudki was called a town. From that time until September 17, 1939 - the district of Poland was in the possession of the Polish magnates.

At the end of the XVIII century. in the town, there were 76 buildings, including 58 huts. The population was 380-450 people.

With the beginning of the revolution of 1848-1849. in Austria and the creation in Lviv of the People’s Rada in Rudki, the Polish District Council was formed. It consisted of the neighboring landowners and the top of the Polish middle class. The owner of the neighboring estate, the Polish playwright Count A. Fredro (1793-1876), was elected its chairman.

In the second half of the XIX century. In the Rudok economy, trade occupied a significant place. In 1894, a craft school was opened here, which trained specialists in weaving baskets from vines. The development of trade and industry in Rudki was facilitated by the construction in 1903 of the Lviv-Sambir railway and a railway station. In 1904, a brick and tile factory and a sawmill owned by the owner of the neighboring estate F. Skarbek were founded in the town. The slaughter began to operate. The craft developed. On the eve of the First World War, there were tailor, weaving, shoe, carpentry, blacksmith, construction, cooper, saddlery, watch and other enterprises and workshops. The number of shops increased - there were over 50 of them. Several trading enterprises carried out wholesale trade in wheat and cattle. The population of Rudok has grown. If in 1860 it amounted to 1695 people, then in 1900 - 3247 people. Accordingly, the number of yards has increased - from 249 to 380.

According to the administrative division of Galicia, introduced by the Austrian authorities on February 28, 1867, Rudki became the center of the Rudkovsky district . In addition to the Catholic Church (Peremyshl diocese), there were an Orthodox church and a synagogue. From December 23, 1920 to December 4, 1939 in the Lviv Voivodeship of the Polish Republic . The center of Rudkovsky district . On September 1, 1939, German troops attacked the Polish Republic, the German-Polish war of 1939 began . ^[1] On September 17, 1939, the city as part of the Ukrainian SSR entered the Soviet Union. On September 17, 1939, the Red Army of the Soviet Union entered the territory of eastern Poland - Western Ukraine, and on September 28, 1939, the Treaty of Friendship and the Border between the USSR and Germany was signed. October 27, 1939 established Soviet power. ^[2] Since November 14, 1939 as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics . ^[2] December 4, 1939 became the center of the Rudkovsky district (with other governing bodies) of the Drogobych region (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 4, 1939). In 1963-1964, Rudki was part of the Gorodotsky district.

For several centuries, until the end of World War II, the city of Rudki was widely known as a place of pilgrimage to the miraculous image of the Mother of God, which was located in a paraffial church. The eastern icon came here thanks to the Rudkovo landowner Jerzy Churillo. In 1612, after the next Tatar collision on Podolia, the icon miraculously survived on the site of the burned church. In the Catholic church in Rudki, the image found many new worshipers of it. However, here the icon fell to the test of fire, as the nomads several times set fire to the wooden church at that time. However, the image remained intact, and deeply religious people who prayed before him, got rid of diseases.

In 1728, a stone church was built in Rudki, where the miraculous image was transferred. The building was built with elements of both the Renaissance and the trendy at that time in Western Ukraine baroque . Only the bell tower has remained since the time of the wooden church, so it dates back to the XVII century. On December 31, 1917, a decree on the coronation of the icon was received from the Vatican , but military operations prevented the celebration of events until July 2, 1921. Since then, the Rudkovsky church has become one of the most revered sacred structures in pre-war Poland. During the rebuilding of the church in 1885, a narthex was added to the main volume of the church. At the same time, the oldest, lower tier of the bell tower with buttresses at the corners was damaged, when the ancient arched brama (gate) was laid with brick. In 1946, saving the miraculous image, the then rector of the church about. M. Voytas brought him to Poland. Our Lady of Rudkov stayed in Przemysl for some time, and in 1968 the image was transferred to a church in Yasenya, near the town of Dolishnye Ostriki. Soon, pilgrims reached here, and from Cardinal Karol Wojtyla, Our Lady of Rudkovskaya received the name “Queen Bieszczady”.

But an incident happened. In the summer of 1992, during church events, the relic was stolen by attackers. In November 1995, only a copy of the image returned to Rudki. The coronation of the icon in November 1995 was made by the Archbishop and Metropolitan of Lviv Marjan Yavorsky.

The return of the parish church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary to the community helped to clean up the crypt where the famous Polish playwright Count A. Fredro was buried, because the writer lived on his estate in Vishnu.

On May 15, 1989, a solemn re-consecration of the temple took place, and in the autumn of the following year, the remains of the Fredrov clan were hoisted into a new sarcophagus in a restored crypt. Now from everywhere again, pilgrims come to the city of Rudki, both religious and literary.

• History of Cities and Villages. Tom Lviv region.
• Ore