Antahkarana (Antaskarana, Antaxkarana; Sanskrit: antah - inner; karana - instrument) is a term in Indian philosophy that has different meanings in every philosophical school. Shankara translates this word as “understanding”; others as “an internal instrument, a soul formed by a thinking principle and selfishness .” In the Vedanta, the term antahkarana means generally the whole mind located between the "I" ( Atma ) and the external instrument - the body. In yoga (according to Gorakshanath ), antahkarana is a tool of consciousness used by a human being to know himself [1] , a set of phenomenal manifestations of the mind [2] .
Some schools of Indian philosophy (for example, Sankhya ) consider the three-part antahkarana - consisting of Manas, Buddhi and Ahamkara [3] [2] [1] . In others (for example, Vedanta), antahkarana consists of four divisions: manas, buddhi, ahamkara and chitta [4] [ page not specified 794 days ] . Gorakshanath in his teaching adds another fifth aspect - chaitanya (consciousness) [2] [1] .
- Chitta is a part of the mind that is immersed in the outside world, it accumulates and preserves mental images and facts. Chitta is manifested mainly in subconscious actions.
- Manas is a lower mind, undisciplined, reflective, he compares and classifies ideas and images of objects in the mind, reflects on them.
- Ahamkara (Ahaṃkāra, अहंकार) - “feeling of the Self, ego .” That which creates in a person a sense of uniqueness, individuality, perception of himself as a person. Such sensations are the result of the fact that through ahamkara the person’s spiritual “I” is identified with various objects, as well as physical and mental phenomena.The term originated in Vedic philosophy about 3 thousand years ago. In the Bhagavad-gita, Krishna refers to Arjuna that the ahamkara must be removed, and in other words it must be subordinate to the lord. Because the Atman is not accessible Upen to a person in the state of ahamkara.
- Buddhi is the highest mind; possessing the property of discrimination, he evaluates the ideas, thoughts and content of the facts that they contain. He also controls the lower mind (manas).
- Chaitanya is a consciousness possessing the qualities of calm awareness, contemplation, and the absence of hesitation.
In esotericism, antahkarana is the path, or bridge, between the higher and lower minds, which serves as a means of communication between them. It is built by the person himself striving in mental matter.
In eastern philosophy, antahkarana is the mind that controls the physical body.
In the occultism of antahkarana, a path or bridge between the higher and lower Manas , between the divine ego and the personal soul of man. It serves as a mediator between both and transfers from the lower to the higher ego all those personal impressions and thoughts of a person that can be assimilated and accumulated by an undying essence by nature and, thus, become immortal with it.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Siddha-siddhanta paddhati, 2009 , slokas 2.44-2.49, p. 123-127.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Banerjee, 2015 , p. 201-206.
- ↑ Shokhin V.K. Antahkaran // New Philosophical Encyclopedia / Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences ; Nat social science fund; Pres scientific ed. Council V. S. Styopin , alternate representatives: A. A. Huseynov , G. Yu. Semigin , school. sec. A.P. Ogurtsov . - 2nd ed., Rev. and extra. - M .: Thought , 2010 .-- ISBN 978-5-244-01115-9 .
- ↑ Esotericism. Encyclopedia / Comp. and ed. A.A. Gritsanov . - Mn. : Interpress service; Book House, 2002 .-- 1040 p. - (World of Encyclopedias). - 5030 copies. - ISBN 985-6656-73-7 ; ISBN 985-428-548-0 .
Literature
- Banerjee Akshaya Kumar. Philosophy of Gorakhnath / Per. from English Guru Yoga Matsyendranath Maharaj, V.L. Zernov, V.V. Kirillina. - M .: International Natha Yoga Center, 2015 .-- 448 p. - ISBN 978-5-905006-03-6 .
- Siddha-siddhanta paddhati / Transl. Sanskrit: Sripad Yoga Matsyendranath Maharaja. - M. , 2009. - ISBN 978-5-91680-005-0 .