Waiting area - airspace of a specified size, usually located above the radio navigation point (for example, VOR or OPS ), which is designed to wait for the aircraft to wait in line for approach or approach to the aerodrome area.
Flight in the waiting area is carried out at a certain level (altitude or level ) specified by the air traffic control . The vertical intervals between aircraft are maintained in accordance with separation rules. Only one aircraft can be at one level at a time. At the direction of the air traffic control authority, during a flight in the waiting area, a reduction or climb may be performed.
The minimum permissible level of flight in the waiting area should provide a margin above obstacles of at least 300 meters in flat terrain and 600 meters in mountainous [1] . The height of the second echelon of the waiting area in Russia is the standard transmission line between the dispatch points of the approach (DSC) and the circle (KDP) [2] .
The following areas are distinguished in the waiting area scheme, which is being developed by the air traffic control authorities: control point, approach line, removal line. A turn to the line of the removal path occurs at the moment of reaching the control point. A turn on the line of the approach path — either according to the scheme, or after 1 minute of flight to the level of 4200 meters (inclusive), or after 1.5 minutes of flight with the level of more than 4200 meters [2] .
All turns should be performed with a roll angle of 25 ° or a speed of 3 ° / s, while using a smaller roll angle. [one]
Entrance to the waiting area
When issuing a command to occupy the waiting area, the dispatcher informs the crew of the aircraft of the course, direction of turn, level and estimated time of exit from the waiting area.
- Waiting Area Entry Schemes
Parallel Input (Sector 1)
Offset input (sector 2)
Direct input (sector 3)
- Entrance from sector 1. Parallel . After reaching the control point, a turn is performed to follow from the control point parallel to the line of the removal path for a set time (by a set distance), then a turn is performed on the standby side to exit to the line of approach or to the control point.
- Entrance from sector 2. Offset . After reaching the control point, a U-turn is performed to follow in a direction different from the reverse direction of the approach path line by 30 °, a flight is performed for a set time (by a set distance), then a U-turn is made to the approach path line.
- Entrance from sector 3. Direct . After reaching the control point, the flight is performed according to the procedure of the waiting circuit.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Doc 8168 OPS \ 611 ICAO, Volume 1, Section 6
- ↑ 1 2 Federal Aviation Regulations. Preparation and execution of flights in the civil aviation of the Russian Federation