Lorand Etvös , Baron von Etvös (sometimes Roland, Hung. Vásárosnaményi báró Eötvös Loránd Ágoston or shortly Hung. Eötvös Loránd , July 27, 1848 , Budapest - April 8, 1919 , Budapest, the head of the I-year-marner , Saint-Petersburg , July 17, 1848 , Budapest - April 8, 1914 , Budapest 1889) Hungarian Academy of Sciences .
Lorand Etvyos | |
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Hung Eötvös Loránd | |
Date of Birth | July 27, 1848 |
Place of Birth | Budapest |
Date of death | April 8, 1919 (70 years) |
Place of death | Budapest |
A country | |
Scientific field | physics |
Place of work | |
Alma mater | Heidelberg University |
supervisor | |
Known as | virtuoso experimenter in the field of gravitational (tests of equality of gravitational and inertial masses ) and molecular ( surface tension ) physics |
Biography
Lorand Etvösz is the son of the famous Hungarian writer, politician and publicist Josef Etvösz . He studied at the Budapest , Konigsberg and Heidelberg universities (he graduated in 1870). From 1871 he worked at the University of Budapest (since 1872, professor). In 1894-1895 he was the Minister of Education of Hungary. In 1891 he founded the mathematical and physical societies of Hungary and was their first president.
The name of Ötvös is attributed to the University of Budapest , the effect of changing the weight of bodies on objects moving relative to the ground (due to the Earth’s rotation), discovered experimentally, and the unit of measure for the gravitational acceleration gradient . The lunar crater is named in his honor.
He was married to the daughter of Balthazar Horvat .
Research
The research of Laurand Etvyos is devoted to molecular physics, gravity, and geophysics. In 1886, Etvös established the dependence of the molecular surface energy (surface tension force) on temperature ( Etwos law ). He designed torsion scales ( 1888 ) and carried out (1889-1908) a series of experiments to verify the equality of gravitational and inert masses. The results of Etvosh's gravitational experiments showed that the equality of gravitational and inertial masses is carried out with high accuracy (up to 5⋅10 −9 ), and confirmed the principle that Albert Einstein later used to create the general theory of relativity ( equivalence principle ). Also studied the distribution of masses in mountain ranges.
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lorand Athos
- Lorand Etvyosh - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- Khramov Yu. A. Etvös Roland (Lorand) von (Eötvös Lorand von) // Physics: A Biographical Directory / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Science , 1983. - p. 312. - 400 p. - 200 000 copies (in the lane)