Rhinotermitidae (lat.) - a family of termites , one of the three largest among these public insects . About 400 species.
| Rhinotermitidae | ||||||||||||||||||||
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 Reticulitermes banyulensis | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Latin name | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Rhinotermitidae Light , 1921 [2] |
Content
Description
The size of the working individuals is small, about 5 mm, the sexual individuals are larger and darker colored. The uterus lays up to 100 eggs per day. Colonies can have from one thousand to several million members. They live mostly underground, rarely on trees. They feed on wood and cause serious harm to buildings and other wood constructions. Among several hundred species there are such dangerous pests as Coptotermes formosanus and Reticulitermes flavipes .
Distribution
The native areas of distribution of Rhinotermitidae are the tropics and subtropics. But in recent years, as invasive species have penetrated north up to the southern outskirts of England and Germany .
Classification
About 345 species, 14 genera, 7 subfamilies.
- Coptotermitinae Holmgren, 1910
- Genus Coptotermes Wasmann, 1896
- Heterotermitinae Froggatt, 1897
- Genus Heterotermes
- Genus Reticulitermes
- Genus Tsaitermes
- Prorhinoterminae Quennedey & Deligne, 1975 [3]
- Genus Prorhinotermes
- Psammotermitinae Holmgren, 1911 - Holmgren included this taxon in the Mesotermitidae family [4] .
- Genus Psammotermes
- Rhinotermitinae Froggatt, 1897
- Genus Acorhinotermes
- Genus Dolichorhinotermes
- Genus Macrorhinotermes
- Genus Parrhinotermes
- Genus Rhinotermes
- Genus Schedorhinotermes
- Stylotermitinae Holmgren, K & N, 1917 [5] In 2009, it was allocated to a separate family of Stylotermitidae (Engel, Grimaldi, Krishna, 2009). [6]
- Genus Stylotermes
- Termitogetoninae Holmgren, 1910 [7]
- Genus Termitogeton
Views of Europe
In Europe, 7 species of termites of this family were discovered.
- Reticulitermes balkanensis Clement, 2001
- Reticulitermes banyulensis Clement, 1978
- Reticulitermes clypeatus lash, 1952
- Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar, 1837)
- Reticulitermes grassei Clement, 1978
- Reticulitermes lucifugus (Rossi, 1792)
- Reticulitermes urbis Bagneres & Clement, 2003
Notes
- ↑ Engel Michael S. Family-group names for termites (Isoptera), redux (English) // ZooKeys . - 2011. - Vol. 148 . - P. 171–184 .
- ↑ Light, SF Notes on Philippine termites II // Philippines Journal of Science. - 1921. - T. 19 , No. 1 . - S. 23-63 .
- ↑ Quennedey A. & J. Deligne. L'arme frontale des soldats de termites. I. Rhinotermitidae // Insectes Sociaux. - 1975. - T. 22 , No. 3 . - S. 243–267 .
- ↑ Holmgren, N. 1911. “Termitenstudien. II. Systematik der Termiten. Die Familie Mastotermitidae, Protermitidae und Mesotermitidae. ”Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Händlingar 46 (6): 1-88.
- ↑ Holmgren, K., and N. Holmgren. 1917. “Report on a collection of termites from India.” Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture in India 5: 137-171.
- ↑ Engel Michael, David A. Grimaldi and Kumar Krishna. Termites (Isoptera): Their Phylogeny, Classification, and Rise to Ecological Dominance // American Museum Novitates. - 2009 .-- T. 3650 . - S. 1–27 .
- ↑ Holmgren, N. Das System der Termiten // Zoologischer Anzeiger. - 1910. - T. 35 , No. 9-10 . - S. 284–286 .
Literature
- Austin JW, AL Szalanski & BJ Cabrera. Phylogenetic Analysis of the Subterranean Termite Family Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera) by Using the Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase II Gene // Annals of the Entomological Society of America . - 2004. - T. 97 , No. 3 . - S. 548–555 .
- Lo, N., O. Kitade, T. Miura, R. Constantino, and T. Matsumoto. Molecular phylogeny of the Rhinotermitidae // Insectes Sociaux. - 2004. - T. 51 , No. 4 . - S. 365–371 . (inaccessible link)
- Vargo, EL and C. Husseneder. Biology of subterranean termites: Insights from molecular studies of Reticulitermes and Coptotermes // Annual Review of Entomology . - 2009 .-- T. 54 . - S. 379–403 .
- Maiti PK 2006. A taxonomic monograph on the world species of Termites of the family Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera: Insecta) . Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India, Vol. 20 (No.4), 1–272 (Published Zool. Surv. India, Kolkata). ISBN 81-8171-092-4