List of artifacts of Middle-earth

Great Lamps

The Great Lamps ( eng. Two Lamps ) - giant vessels created after the arrival of the Valar in Arda and located on the northern and southern extremities of the initially flat world of Arda.

The lamps were created by three creators from among the Valar — forged by Aule , blessed by Warda, and set in action by Manwe . The first lamp - Illuin ( eng. Illuin ) - was installed in the far north, the second - Ormal ( eng. Ormal ) - in the extreme south of Arda. At the intersection of streams of light from the north and south (that is, in the “ equator ” area), the Valar created the great island of Almarin , which became their first abode in the material world.

From the day of the creation of the Lamps, the second prehistoric era of Middle-earth, the Age of the Lamps, has begun.

After the construction of the fortress of Utumno, Melkor brought down the mountain-pillars Helkar and Ringil, on which the Lamps stood. As a result, a cataclysm occurred, as a result of which the island of Almarin died, and the Valar were forced to move to Aman .

At the site of the fall of Illuin, the Helkar Sea and Quivianen Bay later formed. Tolkien’s early manuscripts also mention the Ringil Sea in the south, possibly formed after the crushing of Ormal.

The Two Trees of Valinor

Sun and Moon

Arkenston

Arkenstone ( Eng. Arkenstone ) - in the book " The Hobbit " the legendary stone, dug out by the dwarves in the depths of Erebor . The greatest value of the treasury of Erebor, also called the “Heart of the Mountain”. It is a faceted round diamond (diamond) the size of a child’s head, radiating a vague radiance.

Tolkien apparently borrowed the name of the stone from the Old English word earcanstān (there are also spellings eorcanstān , eorcnanstān , etc.) or Old Scandinavian jarknasteinn , meaning "precious stone" ^[2] .

It should also be noted the similarity between the description of the Silmarils and Arkenston, which, in turn, may mean that the latter belongs to them ^[3] .

Iron Crown

The Iron Crown ( Iron Crown ) is one of the attributes of the main antagonist of the Silmarillion book - Melkora ( Morgoth ), the Lord of Darkness. The metal crown into which the luminous Silmarils were stolen from Valinor .

One of the Silmarils was stolen from the Iron Crown by Beren .

After the fall of Melkor, the Crown was broken and turned into an iron collar, connected to the Angainor chain, with which Melkor was bound.

Nauglamir

Nauglamir ( Synd. Nauglamír , translated from Sindarin - “the necklace of the dwarves”) is a famous piece of jewelry art of the dwarves of Middle Earth.

Created for Finrod Felagund by the dwarves of the Blue Mountains at the same time as the construction of Nargothrond . It was taken out of the ruins of Nargothrond by Khurin and given to them by King Thingol , who ordered that the Silmaril belonging to him be inserted into the necklace.

Gnome masters who were entrusted with the work, at the end of it declared a claim for the jewel. In the ensuing quarrel, Thingol was killed, as were most of the dwarfs. The result was the war of the gnomes of Nogrod against Doriath , during which Menegroth was plundered. Nauglamir went to the king of the gnomes Nogrod.

The remains of the dwarf army leaving Doriath were defeated by the green elves under the command of Beren and the Ents at Dolmed Mountain. King Nogroda was killed, but before his death, he cursed Nauglamir and all the other treasures of Doriath.

Subsequently, Nauglamir wore Luthien , then her son Dior . Dior was killed in a battle with the sons of Feanor , who claimed rights to the Silmaril. Elving , the daughter of Dior, fled from Menegroth to the Harbor of Sirion , taking with her Nauglamir. Elving married Eärendil , who with the help of the Silmaril was able to get to Valinor .

Nymfelos

Nymphelos ( Synd. Nimphelos , translated from Sindarin - “snow-white”) is a precious pearl described in The Silmarillion .

Most likely, it was obtained by the elves of the people of Cirdan in the Belayer sea, and then they donated to King Doriath . In turn, she was given by Thingol to the dwarves of Belegost as a reward for the construction of Menegroth . According to Tolkien, the pearl was the size of a pigeon's egg.

Silmarils

Star Dunedain

The Star of the Dúnedain ( Star of the Dúnedain ) is a silver brooch in the form of a multi-star, worn by the Pathfinders of the North, originating from Arnor . Mentioned in The Lord of the Rings .

The Dunadine Pathfinders, who came to Aragorn in Dunharrow , wore stars on their clothes as a clasp for cloaks on their left shoulder. They served as an indispensable attribute of their attire and were the only decoration that the Pathfinders wore in their travels. The star was also used as an honorary award; after the events of the War of the Ring, Aragorn presented such a star to Samuayzu Gamgee , at that time to the mayor Michel Delving ^[4] .

Elendil Star

Together with the Scepter of Annumins, the Star of Elendil was the main symbol of the royal house of Arnor . The base stone was made of elven crystal by the elves of Noldor and inserted into the frame of mithril for wearing, according to the custom of Numenor , on the forehead instead of the crown. Thus, the Star of Elendil was worn by the Silmarien , which subsequently passed it on to its descendants, the Lords of Andunie, right down to the last of them, Elendil . Elendil and his son Isildur wore the Star as a sign of royal dignity in the Northern Kingdom, but the Star was lost in the Anduin when Isildur was killed by orcs on the Toffee Fields. An exact copy of it was made by elves in Rivendell for the son of Isildur, Valandil ; this second Star was subsequently worn by thirty-nine kings and leaders of the Dunedain Arnor, up to and including Aragorn ^[5] .

The Elendilmir star was also called Elendilmir , the "Elendil gem", the Star of the North, and the Star of the Northern Kingdom .

The original Star was found by agents of Saruman who were searching for the One Ring , and was later taken by King Elessar from the treasures of Saruman in Isengard after the War of the Ring . Elessar esteemed both Elendilmir very much: the first for his ancient origin, the second as the heritage of his thirty-nine predecessors. The second Star was worn by the king, spending time in the restored North Kingdom ^[5] .

Barahir Ring

The ring given to Barahir by the elven lord Finrod Felagund as a reward for saving his life in Dagor Bragollah . It served as a symbol of eternal friendship between Finrod and the House of Beor. The hand of Barahir, together with the ring, was cut off and carried away by the orcs who killed him, but subsequently Beren , the son of Barahir, returned it, avenging the murder of his father. Beren put his hand in the grave of Barahir with his body, and left the ring to himself and later wore it.

“You can bring me to death, but I will not accept from you the nickname of a lowborn, or a spy, or a slave.” The ring of Felagund, which he gave to Barahir, my father, testifies that my kind did not deserve such a nickname from any of the elves, even if he is a king!
His words sounded proud, and all eyes turned to the ring, green stones flashed in him, the creation of the Noldor in Valinor . This ring shape was like two snakes with emerald eyes, and their heads met under a crown of golden flowers, which one supported and the other devoured. It was a sign of Finarfin and his kind.

- Tolkien J. R. R. O Beren and Luthien // The Silmarillion / Trans. from English Z. A. Bobyr .

Later, Beren used the ring as his mark when he sought the help of Finrod in the extraction of the Silmaril from Angband .

The ring passed in a straight line from Beren Dior , then the daughter of Dior Elving and her son Elros , who brought him to Numenor in the Second Age . It became the hereditary treasure of the kings of Numenor until King Tar-Elendil gave it to his eldest daughter, the Silmarien , who was not allowed to inherit the throne after him. In turn, she gave the ring to her son Valandil , the first of the lords of Andunie . So it was inherited by the lords of Andunie right up to the last of them, Amandil , father of Elendil , and thus survived the catastrophe when Numenor fell .

In the Third Age, the ring was transmitted again in a straight line from Elendil Isildur , from Isildur to the kings of Arnor , and then to the kings of Arthedine . The last king of Arthedine, Arvedui , gave the ring to the people of the Fortes of Vorochel in gratitude for the help received from them. Later it was bought from the snowmen by the dunadans of the North and remained in Rivendell .

The ring of Barahir was given to Elrond Aragorn , son of Arathorn , when he was informed of his real name and origin, along with the debris of Narsil . In the year 2980 of the Third Age, in Lothlorien , Aragorn gave the ring to Arwen Undomel as a sign of engagement with her.

Nothing is said about the fate of the ring in the Fourth Epoch , but most likely it continued to be inherited by the kings of Arnor and Gondor , the descendants of Aragorn and Arwen, or went to the grave at Kerin Amroth along with Arwen.

The ring was one of the oldest artifacts of Middle-earth (if not the oldest), for it was made by Finrod in Valinor before the end of the Noldor.

In the film adaptation of Peter Jackson's “ The Lord of the Rings, ” in the film “ Two Fortresses, ” this ring is remarkably visible on Aragorn’s hand, when he extends his hand to Grima Cerveust (which Grima did not accept).

Crown of Gondor

The Crown of Gondor is the main sign of the royal dignity of Gondor . Also called the Winged Crown , the Silver or White Crown and the Crown of Elendil .

In The Lord of the Rings , Tolkien described the crown as follows:

The form was similar to the helmets of the Citadel Guardians, only much higher, it was all white, and the wings on its sides were made of pearls and silver in the form of wings of a seabird, because it was a symbol of kings that came from overseas. Seven adamants were inserted into the hoop, and at the top of it was a single stone, the radiance of which rushed upward like a fire.

- Tolkien, J.R.R., “The Lord of the Rings,” volume III, The Return of the King , book VI, chapter 5, The King and the Ruler

In the letter, Tolkien described the crown as “very high, like crowns in Egypt, but with attached wings, looking not straight back, but slightly at an angle” ^[6] . He also made a sketch of the crown, given in the book ^{[7] [8]} .

The first crown was the helmet that Isildur wore during the Battle of Dagorlad . The helmet of his brother Anarion was broken by a stone that killed him during the siege of Barad-Dur .

Later, during the reign of King Atanatar II Alkarin (1149–1226 T. E. ), a new crown was made of silver and precious stones, which all subsequent kings of Gondor wore. Traditionally, the crown was passed on by the father to his heir before his death. If the heir was not present at the time when the king was dying, the crown was placed on the king’s grave, and his heir was later one to come to the Shrine and pick it up.

In 2050, T. E. The Witch-king summoned the last king of Gondor, Earnur , to a duel. Earnur left the crown at the grave of his father, Earnil II , went to Minas Morgul and went missing there. From this time on, in the absence of the king , the Governors rulers ruled Gondor. The crown remained in the Shrine, and the governors used a white rod as a sign of their power.

Before the coronation of Aragorn as King Elessar, the governor Faramir went to the tomb and took the crown from Earnil's tomb. She was placed in a box made of ebony lebetron , held together by silver, and transferred to the Great Gate of Minas Tirith by the four Guardians of the Citadel. Aragorn raised the crown and, quoting Elendil at the time of his arrival in Middle-earth, proclaimed to Quenya :

At Earello Endorena Utulien. Sinoma Maruvan ar Hildinar Tann Ambar-Matt!
("Because of the Great Sea, I arrived in Middle-earth. In this place, I and my heirs will live to the end of the century!")

- Tolkien J. R. R. The Lord of the Rings: Volume III “The Return of the King ”, Book VI, Chapter 5 “The King and the Ruler”

Then, at the request of Aragorn, Frodo Baggins took the crown and took it to Gandalf , who placed it on Aragorn’s head.

As king, Aragorn wore both the crown of Gondor and the Scepter of Annuminas , who was the main symbol of royal dignity in Arnor . Thus, both kingdoms were re-united under his rule. Before his death in 120, C.E. Aragorn handed over the crown and scepter to his son and heir, Eldarion .

Peter Jackson ’s Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King film shows a crown (as worn by Viggo Mortensen , who played the role of Aragorn ), radically different from what Tolkien described: it was a hoop, not a helmet, without any wings.

Annuminas Scepter

The Scepter of Annuminas ( Eng. Scepter of Annúminas ) is the main symbol of royal dignity in the northern kingdom of Arnor .

The Scepter was originally the staff of the Lords of Andunie in Numenor and was a silver rod created in the image of the scepter of the Kings of Numenor (which was lost along with King Ar-Pharazon in the fall of Numenor in 3319 V.E. ). However, Elendil , the son of the last Lord of Andunie, took his father’s staff with him while fleeing to Middle-earth, where he later founded the kingdoms of Arnor and Gondor . Unlike the kings of Gondor, who wore a crown, the kings of Arnor wore only a scepter. Since for several centuries the kings of Arnor ruled from the city of Annuminas , the scepter was called the Scepter of Annuminas.

When the Northern Kingdom was divided in the year 861 T.E. , the scepter passed to the kings of Arthedine . After the cessation of its existence in 1974, T. E. Scepter, among other family relics of the house of Isildur , was kept in Rivendell , in the house of Elrond .

By the end of the Third Age, Annuminas’s scepter was already more than five thousand years old, and it was the oldest artifact made by people in Middle-earth. On the eve of Mid-Summer 3019, Elrond brought a scepter to Minas Tirith and passed it on to Aragorn , King Elessar, as a symbol of his power over Arnor, as well as over Gondor.

Elessar

Elessar ( quarter Elessar , translated from Quenya - "Elven Stone" , also known as Elven Beryl) - in the legendary Tolkien precious green stone ( beryl ), presented to Galadriel Aragornu in Lothlorien as a symbol of hope for rebirth. The stone was placed in a silver frame, depicting an eagle with outstretched wings.

According to the texts of the Book of Lost Tales, there were two stones called Elessar. ^[9] The first one was created by the elven master Enerdilom from the Noldor in Gondolin , who presented it to the daughter of King Turgon , Idril . She, in turn, gave this stone as a gift to her son, Earendil , and he took it to the West.

According to another legend, the second Elessar was created in the Second Epoch after the destruction of Beleriand and the relocation of the last Noldor of Middle-earth to Eriador . The creator of it was the most skilled master and king of the Noldor Celebrimbor . He endowed the stone with magical power, after which he presented Galadriel. Using her power, she made the forests of Lothlorien the most beautiful in the world of Middle-earth, but after receiving possession of the ring Nenya, she transferred Elessar to her daughter Celebrian . From her stone passed to her daughter - Arwen , and then to Aragorn.

Mirror Galadriel

The Mirror of Lady Galadriel is a magical cup that was located in Lórien and showed visions from the past, present or future. “ In my word, the Mirror can reveal a lot. One it will show their hidden desires, the other - completely unexpected things. If you give freedom to the Mirror, even I will not know what it will show , ”said Lady Galadriel, referring to the Hobbits of the Brotherhood of the Ring, inviting them to look into the future. But visions do not always occur in reality: if the beholder has an unwavering will, they may not happen at all.

Mirror Galadriel was in the garden on the southern slope of Karas Galadon . There, on a low stone pedestal, stood a large bowl, and next to it was a silver jug. The mirror itself was a bowl filled with water. It was in that mirror that Sam looked and saw what had happened to Shir while the Hobbits of the Fellowship of the Ring were absent at home.

Rings of Power

Palantiri

Phial Galadriel

Phial of Galadriel ( Eng. Phial of Galadriel ) - a crystal vessel containing the light of Eärendil reflected in the water of a fountain that fills the Mirror of Galadriel . Phial was a farewell gift from Galadriel Frodo when he left Lorien . He had the ability to shine in dark places and give strength and courage, and his light inspired hope and courage. With the help of a phial, Frodo could overcome his craving for the Ring , and Sam used the phial to frighten and blind Shelob . The phial also helped break the spell gate of the fortress of Kirit Ungol . After the War of the Ring, Frodo took the phial with him to the West.

Anglahel (Gurtang)

Anglachel ( Sind. Anglachel ) - one of two swords forged by Eol Dark Elf from an alloy of meteoric iron with an artificial metal created by Eol galvornny , which was distinguished by black color. Subsequently, the sword was worn by Turin Turambar , who reforged it and called it Gurtang . According to legend, the sword had its own will, he also spoke to Turin before he used it for suicide.

The name Anglahel contains Sindarin roots " ang " ("iron"), possibly " llah " ("jumping fire") and, possibly, " el " ("star"). Commentators gathered these roots into probable translations of this name (“Iron burning star” or “Iron of a burning star”), but Tolkien himself did not provide an exact translation.

“ Gurtang ” is translated in the List of Names and Place Names of “The Silmarillion ” as “iron of death” (from the Sindarin roots “ herd ” (“death”) and “ ang ” (“iron”)) ^[10] .

Angrist

Translated from Sindarin - "chopping iron." The dagger forged by the great blacksmith Telhar of Nogrod belonged to Curufin . Beren , who had taken him from Curufin, used Angrist to cut the Silmaril from Morgoth 's iron crown . When trying to cut another stone, the blade broke, and a chip scraped the sleeping Morgoth's cheek.

In an earlier version of Beren’s story in The Book of Lost Tales , he used an ordinary household knife; The motive for involving Curufin in the affairs of Beren appeared later.

Anguirele

The sword forged by Eol Dark Elf , Anglahel 's twin, transferred to Thingol in Doriath , according to the text of The Silmarillion . Anhuire was with Aeol until he was stolen by his son, Maeglin, while fleeing to Gondolin with his mother, Aredel. Sindarin etymology of the name is unclear.

Aeglos

A spear worn by Gil-Galad (according to The Silmarillion and The Unfinished Tales ). Translated from the Sindarin - "snowy peak." In some translations the name is transmitted as Aiglos . The fate of the spear after the death of Gil Galad is unclear.

Glamdring

Glamdring ( shin . Glamdring ) - the elven sword , repeatedly mentioned in the literary works of JRR Tolkien . According to the legend of Tolkien, belonged to the King of Gondolin Turgon .

The first mention of this sword is found in the novel by JRR Tolkien " The Hobbit, or There and Back ", where the magician Gandalf found him in a cave of three petrified trolls . Glamdring in Sindarin means "Threshing enemies". Goblins simply called him “Kolotun”, but it was clarified that the root glam does not mean “enemy” (“enemies), but“ orc ”(“ orcs ”). In the Third Age, Gandalf became the last and only owner of this sword.

Elven runes are applied to the blade, but nowhere in the book are they voiced. In The Hobbit , he is described as a sword with a hilt decorated with precious stones and possessing a beautiful scabbard. In the "Unfinished Tales" of the arrival of Tuor in Gondolin it is said that "the sword of Tuor was white and with gold, in an ivory sheath" - despite the fact that Glamdring is not mentioned here by name, it is reasonable to assume that we are talking about him , since Tolkien wrote this already after The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings.

In Peter Jackson’s films, the elven runes of the Sindarin language were painted on a sword. The story "The Hobbit" notes the fact that even Gandalf could not recognize these runes, and only Elrond in Rivendell helped him in this.

Like all elf swords, Glamdring glows with blue or white fire if orcs are close (just like Sting Bilbo Baggins and Orcrist Thorin Duboschit , who were also forged in Gondolin). However, in the film trilogy of Peter Jackson in the presence of orcs only the Sting is glowing - this is noticeable during the scene of the battle in Moria, as well as in the episode after the fight between Sam and Shelob at Kirit Ungol)

Dor Lombin's Dragon Helmet

The Dragon helmet of Dor-lomin ( Eng. Dragon-helm of Dor-lómin ), also known as the Helm of Hador Helmet of Hador, is a helmet that was owned and used by the people-rulers of the House of Hador (in particular, Hador , Hurin and Turin Turambar ). It was made by the great blacksmith of Nogrod's dwarves, Telkhar, for the king of the dwarves, Azaghal (however, he turned out to be great for Azaghal), who in turn presented it to Maedros , the son of Feanor , and that to Fingon . Fingon gave it to Hador, the lord of Dor-lomin , after which he got his name.

The look of the helmet was magnificent: it was trimmed with gold on gray steel, and on the top of the helmet was a statuette of the dragon Glaurung the Twister. The helmet also had a visor "like most dwarf helmets" ^[11] . The sight of the helmet instilled fear in the hearts of the enemies wearing it.

The helmet was given to Turin Turambar by his father, Khurin, somewhere between 463 and 473. P.E., who, in turn, also received it from his father, and so on. Since the helmet was a relic of the House of Hador (and Hador himself also wore it), it was sometimes called the “Hador's Helmet”. However, Hurin was a smaller man than his predecessors and did not feel comfortable wearing a helmet. He also said that he preferred to look at the enemy with his own eyes.

Turin, however, was larger than his father and was also able to reveal the magical properties of the ancient helmet. He had the ability to protect his possessor from any wounds, large or small: “The strength was in him, which protected anyone who carried him, from death or injury, the sword that touched him broke, and the dart that fell into him flew away " ^[11] .

The final fate of the helmet is unknown. It is assumed that he was buried along with Turin (although this reliably applies only to Turin’s broken sword Gurtang).

Sting

The sting ( English Sting , other versions of the translation - Tern , Hornet ) - a short sword (dagger), the prototype of which was the ancient Greek Xiphos sword ^[12] , found by the Hobbit Bilbo in the troll cave during his journey to the Lonely Mountain described in the Hobbit , or there and back . "

According to the canons of the world of JRR Tolkien, most of the elf swords and daggers, in the case of the approach of orcs and goblins, begin to glow with blue light ^[13] . This property possessed and Sting. The guardian runes on the Sindarin were engraved on the sword, saying: “ Maegnas is my name. I am the poison of a spider . ”

According to the author, the sword was made by the elves of Gondolin in the First Epoch for wars with Morgoth , or rather, probably for battles with spiders, the descendants of Ungoliants , who then were very numerous and acted on the side of the forces of Darkness, but fell into evil hands after the destruction of Gondolin . The history of the sword during the Second and Third Epoch is unknown, but the sword probably passed from hand to hand until it fell into the treasury (cave) of trolls in eastern Eriador . This sword, along with Glamdring and Orcrist (also forged in Gondolin), was discovered in the troll cave Gandalf with Bilbo and the dwarves in the spring of 2941 of the Third Age ^[14] .

In The Hobbit , Bilbo named his sword Sting after a battle with spiders in Mirkwood , in which he easily cracked down on spiders due to the magical properties of Sting ^[15] - and the thick skin of a spider, and the sturdy spiderwebs he chopped with a single blow and not stuck to by him. In the “ Lord of the Rings ”, in the fall of 3018, the Third Epoch in Rivendell, Bilbo presented it with his mithril mail to his nephew Frodo Baggins .

When the spring of 3019 g. T. E. Gollum led to Shelob Frodo and Sam , heading to the volcano Orodruin to destroy the One Ring . Shelob stung and was ready to drag Frodo into her lair, but he was rescued by Sam, who injured Spider Stinger.

Narsil

Orcrist

Orcrist ( born Orcrist ) - the sword of the legendary John R. R. Tolkien .

The first mention of this sword is found in the work of J. Tolkien " The Hobbit, or There and Back ", according to which the magician Gandalf found him in the cave of three petrified trolls . Translated from Sindarin, Orcrist means " Goblin Crusher" (the goblins themselves called it "Kusach"). Subsequently, the dwarf Thorin Duboschit became its owner.

Like all swords forged by elves , Orcrist glows with blue or white fire if orcs are nearby, as well as Sting Bilbo Baggins and Glamdring Gandalf , who were also made by elves from the deceased city of Gondolin. Based on this, it appeared that one of the first the owners of this sword may have been one of the lords of Gondo-lin, the legendary Ecthelion, Lord of the springs, who at the cost of his life at the cost of his life killed the leader of the Balrots Gothmoga. However, how this unique sword, which terrified Orcs, ended up in Middle-earth like No information available.

After the death of Thorin at the Battle of the Five Hosts, the sword was kept on his grave deep in the Lonely Mountain . According to the legends of the gnomes, as the enemies approached, the Orcrist began to glow, so the gnomes' stronghold could not be attacked, taking the gnomes by surprise.

Ringil

Ringil ( English Ringil , translated from Sindarin - "ice star" or "cold spark") - the sword of the king of the Noldor Fingolfin , mentioned in the " Silmarillion " and " Balladakh Beleriand ." His blow was felt as the strongest cold, and the blade gleamed with pale fire, like ice. It was with this blade that King Fingolfin struck Morgoth with seven painful wounds in a duel at the gates of Angband . As a result, these wounds of Morgoth were never completely healed (just like the scars on his face from the claws of Torondor), but because of a particularly bleached wound from the king The Noldor, Morgoth, right up until his secondary defeat during the War of Wrath, was constantly limping on his left leg, and every step caused him infernal pain.

Erech Stone

Also called Black Stone . It was brought to Middle-earth from Numenor by Isildur and set on the top of the hill Erech . In " The Lord of the Rings " is described as:

At the top of the hill a large stone was blacken, half ingrown into the ground. He looked strange and strange. Many believed that once he fell from the sky, but those who did not forget the traditions of the Western Territory, said that he was brought and installed here by the glorious Isildur

- Tolkien J. R. R. Vol. 3 “The Return of the King”, book 5, chapter 2 “Choice of Aragorn” // The Lord of the Rings / Trans. from English N. Grigorieva and V. Grushetsky.

At the top of the hill stood a black stone, round as a ball, and the height of a man, although half of it was immersed in the ground. He seemed unearthly, as if he had fallen from heaven, as some had believed; but those who still remembered the tales of the West said that the stone was brought from the ruins of Numenor and installed here by Isildur

- Tolkien J. R. R. T.3 “The Return of the Sovereign” (Book 5, Chapter 2 “The Procession of the Gray Squad” // The Lord of the Rings / Translated from English by VS Muravyov and AA Kistyakovsky.

On this stone, the local tribes swore allegiance to Isildur, but they betrayed him and became Dead from Dunharg .

Armchairs of Sight and Hearing

The Seat of Seeing is a stone throne built on the top of Amon Hen to observe the border areas of Gondor . He stood on four columns carved out of stone in the middle of a flat circle lined with stone slabs. It was possible to get to the Vision Chair using the stairs.

On 25 February 3019 T. E. , fleeing from Boromir , who tried to take possession of the One Ring , Frodo Baggins reached the summit of Amon Hen. He climbed into the Chair of View, suddenly having the opportunity to see hundreds of miles in all directions. Apparently, such opportunities were due to the Ring (which Frodo did not take off during the flight); when Aragorn sat down in the same chair a few minutes later, his vision was not strengthened in the same way.

The Double Chair of Vision, the Chair of Hearing ( born Seat of Hearing ), was built on the top of Amon Lau on the opposite bank of the Anduin .

Pillars of the Argonate

The monument, consisting of two huge statues carved into the rocks and depicting Isildur and Anarion , standing on both sides of the Anduin River on the northern approaches to Nen Hetoel .

The figures were made around 1240 by the Third Epoch by order of King Romendacil II to designate the northern boundary of Gondor , although by the time of the passage of the Argonath by the Brotherhood of the Ring on February 25, 3019 of the Third Epoch, Gondor had greatly decreased in size.

Each of the figures was a statue, topped with a crown and a helmet, with a battle ax in his right hand. The left hand was raised in a gesture to challenge the enemies of Gondor.

Also known as the Gate of Kings and the Pillars of Kings .

Umbar Column

The monument, erected by the Dunedain, sailed to Middle-earth after the fall of Numenor in Umbar , in memory of the landing of the Ar-Pharazon forces there and the victory over Sauron . It was erected on the highest hill that dominated the harbor, and was a tall white column, topped with a crystal ball that gathered the rays of the Sun and the Moon and shone like a bright star. The light emanating from the ball in clear weather was visible even on the coast of Gondor and far into the sea. However, after the second rise of Sauron and the fall of Umbar under the influence of his servants, this monument to the humiliation of Sauron was destroyed.

Cram

Cram ( eng. Cram ) - a loaf of biscuits, baked by the people of Esgaroth and Dale , with whom they supplied the gnomes of Thorin to go to the Lonely Mountain . Described in The Hobbit , mentioned in The Lord of the Rings ^[16] . Being very nutritious, cram was used to maintain physical fitness and nutrition on long journeys. It was not so pleasant in appearance and less tasty than the similar elven lembas bread; Tolkien described it in a humorous tone, as a means for “exercising the jaws,” rather than as a palatable meal. As in the case with lembas, it is likely that Tolkien borrowed the idea of ​​krama from the biscuits - hard crackers , which were used on long sea voyages and military expeditions as the main type of food. This bread was a mixture of flour, water and salt, which were mixed and baked to a solid state and persisted for months when stored dry ^[17] .

Lembas

Lembas ( synd. Lembas ), in Russian translation is also putbib - elven nutritious loaves, described in the works of John R. R. Tolkien . The product is mentioned in the books of Tolkien "The Silmarillion " and "The Lord of the Rings . " Good food for travelers, as it does not get stale and does not lose its taste. The bread has a brownish color on the outside and a cream color on the inside. In books, the recipe for making bread is strictly guarded by elves. Breadmen have their prototype and bear sacral meaning ^{[18] [19] [20]} . It is believed that the "dark", negative characters (for example, Gollum or Orcs ) can not have Lembas. In The Unfinished Traditions, the equipment of the Numenor warriors included nutritious loaves and a flask of liquid, as described by Tolkien, worse than Lembas and Peace, but it is enough for the Numenor to get from Iris Lowland to Lorien, Moria or Great Greenwood.

Honeycake

Honey cake ( born Honey-cake ) - twice-baked cake, the secret of cooking which was owned by werewolf Beorn and his descendants, Beorning. Described in The Hobbit ^[21] , mentioned in The Lord of the Rings ^[16] . Similar to Kram and Lembas , cakes for a long time keep a person fresh and well fed. They are more tasty than kram , but because of the high content of honey cause thirst.

Miruvor

Miruvor ( English Miruvor , translation option - health ) - described in the "Lord of the Rings" warm fragrant tincture of elves. It gives the drinker its new strength and vigor. Miruvor was used by elves during their festivities. The recipe for making a worldview was not revealed by the elves, but it was thought that it was made from the honey of unfading flowers that grew in the gardens of Yavanna . Elrond handed the flask with the Mirvor to Gandalf before going to the Fellowship of the Ring on the march. During a snowstorm on Caradras, Gandalf gave each member of the Brotherhood a sip of tincture to overcome the tiredness and cold that had come on. They also drank a sip during the halt, and a third sip after they entered the Moria dungeons. At that time, the valuable liquid was almost over ^{[22] [23]} .

Miruvor is also mentioned in Galadriel's song of lamentation, which she sang when the Brotherhood left Lorien :

Yeni ve linte yuldar avanier mi oromardi lissé-miravoreva Andune pella ...
(Years passed like quick sips of sweet honey ( peace ) in the high palaces in the extreme West ...)

- Tolkien, J.R.R., " The Lord of the Rings, " volume I, The Brotherhood of the Rings , book II, chapter 8, Farewell to Lorien

The exact translation of the word “miravor” or “miravore” is unknown, but Tolkien compared this drink with the nectar of the Olympic gods , therefore the phrase “death winner” was cited as a possible etymological meaning ^[24] .

Entov Drink

Entov Drink ( eng. Ent-draught ) - in The Lord of the Rings (volume II, Two Fortresses), an unusually refreshing and encouraging drink of ents , made from the waters of mountain springs on Metedras . These springs were the source of the Entov Kupel River , and their water had special properties.

When Meriadad Brandybuck and Peregrin Tuk drank from the Ento Water Tub and washed her feet, they felt invigorated and their wounds healed. When Woodbeard brought Merry and Pippin to his house, he gave each of them a cup of ents, poured from a stone jug. The Hobbits discovered that this is the same water that they drank from the Entova Kuppel, but much more encouraging. They felt the power of the drink pass through them, and their hair began to grow and curl. The drink had a taste or smell reminiscent of a light forest breeze. The next morning, Treebeard gave the Hobbits a drink of ents from another pitcher. This, unlike the first, was more saturated and had an earthy, more saturated taste. The drink had such vitality that hobbits really increased in growth after they drank it ^[25] . Their exact height is not fixed, but it is implied that they surpassed Bandobras Tuka , whose height was the highest, in writing recorded by the hobbits, and was 4 feet 5 inches (135 cm) ^[26] .

In Peter Jackson ’s Lord of the Rings: Two Fortresses , the scene in which Merry and Pippin drink the Ents drink is included only in the enhanced version. In this episode, Pippin grows taller than Merry, much to his regret. Next comes Merry's exclamation: “The world has become normal again!”, Which he publishes after he sees that Pippin has shrunk to his usual size.

Oroch drinking

Orochka ( English Orc "vitality drink" ) - in " The Lord of the Rings " (volume II " Two Fortresses ") liquid of unknown origin, which Ugluk , the leader of the detachment of Uruk-hai Saruman , watered and captive of weakened Merry and Pippin . She gave them strength during their journey to Isengard . Drinking burned when consumed inside, it created a "hot furious burning sensation" from the inside out. The drink also removed or dulled his bodily pain, allowing the hobbit to stand up. Despite the encouraging property, the drink practically did not saturate the drinker ^[27] .

In the extended version of Peter Jackson’s film adaptation of The Two Fortresses, an orc forcefully pours something down the throat of Merry when Pippin asks for water.

Angainor

Angainor ( Angainor ) - the chain used to hold Melkor (later known as Morgoth ) in the Halls of Mandos .

She was forged by Val Aule and held Melkor in for three centuries. At the end of the First Epoch, Melkor was again bound by the Angainor, and his Iron Crown was collar turned.

There is little other information about this chain in the Silmarillion . Tolkien describes it more fully at the first mention in the " Book of Lost Tales " (which were partially included in later concepts). There her name sounds like Angaino ( English Angaino ):

And so, Aulë collected six metals: copper, silver, tin, lead, iron and gold, and taking a little from each he created the seventh magic with his magic, which he called tilkal ( English Tilkal ), and he had the properties of all six, and many of their own. Its color was light green or red depending on the light, and it was impossible to destroy it, and only Aule could forge it. And he bound a mighty chain, making it out of all seven metals, fused with enchantment into the substance of the greatest hardness, and brilliance, and smoothness ...

- Tolkien, JRR (1984), Christopher Tolkien, ed., The Book of Lost Tales, Part One, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, " The Chaining of Melko ", ISBN 0-395-35439-0

Further in the same book it is said that after Tulkas and Aule captured Melko (as Tolkien then called Melkora),

... he was immediately wrapped with the Angaino chain thirty times.

Valaroma

Valaroma ( quarter Valaróma , translated from Quenya - “the mighty horn” or “horn of the Valar”) is the horn of Vala Orome .

... Its sound is like the rising of the sun rising from the purple, or a bright lightning cutting through the clouds.

- Tolkien J. R. R. (ed. K. Tolkien). The Silmarillion - Valakenta (any edition).

When the young Eldar heard the sounds of Valarom, they knew that Orome was protecting them by chasing the servants of Morgoth .

Vingilote

Vingilote ( sq. Vingilótë ) - the ship on which Eärendil and Elving sailed to Aman , in order to ask for mercy and help from the Valar on behalf of the people and elves of Middle-earth. The name Quenya means "Foamy Flower", in Sindarin it sounds like Wingilot ( Sind. Vingilot ).

Directed by the light of the Silmaril , Eärendil led Vingilote through the Shadow Seas to the Blessed Land - Aman, becoming the first mortal to succeed. However, he was not allowed to return to Middle-earth, except to join the Valar army during the War of Wrath against Morgoth .

After the War of Wrath, Earendil with the Silmaril on his forehead sent Vingilote into the sky, from where the stone always shines in the shape of the morning star (equivalent to Venus ).

Galvorn

Galvorn ( Synd. Galvorn ) is a coal-black metal (possibly an alloy) created by Eol the Dark Elf after he became a great metalworker, learning this art from the gnomes of Nogrod and Belegost . This unique metal was as strong as the steel of the dwarfs, incredibly malleable and resistant to damage by metal weapons. The armor of Eola (which he constantly wore when leaving his forest house), as well as the famous black sword of Turin Turambara Gurtang and his twin Anguirel were forged from galvorn.

Eol revealed all his secrets to his son Maeglin , who later with his mother fled to Gondolin . Thus, there is the possibility that the elven smiths of Gondolin also learned how to make galvorn armor. In the story of "About Tuor and his arrival in Gondolin", included in " Unfinished Legends ", Tuor sees the Guardians of the City in armor from a strange black metal. This metal could be galvorn.

Grond

Grond is a huge ram forged in Mordor by Sauron at Barad-Dur in T.E. ^[28] and intended to pierce any gates and barriers during the Siege of Minas Tirith . At the moment when all the rams of Sauronov's army broke against the gates of the lower tier of the White City, only Grond managed to pierce them.

The book is described as follows: “... Siege machines were crawling across the field, and between them a huge battering ram, more than a hundred feet long, was rocking on thick chains. For a long time he forged him in the dark forges of Mordor; The insulative end of blued steel was like a wolf's muzzle with gleaming maw, and on it were drawn spells of explosive writing. It was Grond's name, in memory of the ancient Hammer of the Underworld. ”

Itildin

Itildin ( eng. Ithildin , translated from Sindarin - “lunar-star (light)”) - an alloy based on mithril , created by the Noldor elves in Eregion . Used to decorate gates, doors and corridors. Itildin became visible only in the light of the Moon or stars. The western gates of Moria were decorated with images and runes of Itilindin ^[29] .

It is believed that the "moon runes" on the map of Tror, described in "The Hobbit ", were also performed by Ityldin.

The Book of Mazarbul

The book Mazarbul ( born Book of Mazarbul ) is a chronicle of Balin's unsuccessful expedition for the restoration of the Kingdom of Moria of the Dwarfs, which ended with the defeat of his squad by orcs. Translated from Khuzdul, Mazarbul means “records, chronicles”; accordingly, the hall where the book was kept was called the same. The book is described in the " Brotherhood of the Ring ."

The book Mazarbul covers five years. She wrote various gnomes, using the runes of Moria and Dale , as well as elven letters . The last entry was made to the book shortly before the final attack of the orcs, which completely destroyed the remnants of the Balin detachment: “They are coming” ^[30] . When the Brotherhood came to the Mazarbul Hall in Moria many years later, Gandalf discovered the greatly damaged book Mazarbul. He gave it to Gimli , who in turn gave it to Dain .

For the publication of the Brotherhood of the Ring, Tolkien in reality created several pages from the book (those that Gandalf reads aloud), but their inclusion in the publication was considered impractical. However, they were included in some later editions ^[31] .

Horn of Gondor

The Horn of Gondor ( Eng. Horn of Gondor ) - a family relic of the Stewards of Gondor , also called the Great Horn .

The horn was made by Vorondil the Hunter in the Third Age . Vorondil hunted bulls at Run’s sea ​​and subsequently made a horn from the horn of one of the bulls that he had killed (Tolkien called these animals " Orome э bulls "). Later he was inherited in the line of the Stewards of Gondor.

During the War of the Ring, Boromir , the son of Denethor, had the Horn of Gondor, like all the other elder sons of the acting Governors for centuries. Boromir stated that if the horn is heard within the boundaries of Gondor, then its owner will come to the rescue.

When Boromir was killed in the finale of the book The Fellowship of the Ring , the Horn of Gondor was cut in two by the orcs. Aragorn laid the wreckage of a horn on Boromir’s funeral boat. Later, the fragments of the horns were washed to the shore by the Anduin waves, where they were discovered by his brother, Faramir . Thus, Denethor found out about the death of his son.

Feanor fixtures

Feanor lamps ( eng. Fëanorian lamps ) - magic lamps, which gave a blue glow from the flame, enclosed in a white crystal. Their light could not be extinguished by wind or water.

These lamps were made in Valinor and used by the Noldor , and were named after their inventor, Feanor . Despite the fact that the Noldor in Middle-earth was famous for including these lamps, the secret of their manufacture was lost. Gelmir of Finarfin House carried such a lamp with him when he met Tuor ^[32] . In the same story, the lamps are mentioned again ^[33] , at the moment when Tuor and Voronwe see Elemakil and his guards in Gondolin .

Another moment when such a lamp appears in the legendary is the story of Narn-i-Hin Hurin (A Tale of the Children of Hurin ) in Tolkien’s earlier works, where Gwindor of Nargothrond , an elf who escaped from Angband , had such a lamp. Also, such a lamp helped Beleg learn Gvindor in the Taur-nu-Fuin forest. This moment was illustrated by Tolkien himself ^[34] . When Beleg Kutalion was killed, it was the light of such a lamp that revealed to Turin that he killed his friend ^[35] . However, in the published version of The Silmarillion , Feanor's lamps are not mentioned.

Other objects that also had the ability to emit unreflected light were the Silmarils , Arkenston, and the Phial of Galadriel .

Elven Cloaks

Cloaks donated to the Fellowship of the Ring of Galadriel and Celeborn . They looked gray or green, changing color depending on the lighting. Served to disguise those who wore them. Tolkien argued that gray elven cloaks first began to be made in Beleriand by the elves of Mitrim ^[36] .

• Letters : Carpenter, Humphrey, ed. (1981), The Letters of JRR Tolkien, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, ISBN 0-395-31555-7
• Foster : Foster, Robert (1971), The Complete Guide to the Middle-Earth, New York: Del Rey, ISBN 0-345-32436-6