Izberbash ( kum. Yizbirbash [4] ) is a city in southern Russia , in the Republic of Dagestan . Known as the city of oil industry workers, however, it is currently actively developing as a resort and recreation center on the shores of the Caspian Sea .
| City | |||
| Izberbash | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| godfather. Yizbirbash [1] | |||
| |||
| A country |  Russia | ||
| Subject of the federation | Dagestan | ||
| City District | Izberbash city | ||
| History and Geography | |||
| Founded | 1932 year | ||
| Former names | Izberg | ||
| City with | 1949 year | ||
| Square | MO - 22.55 [2] km² | ||
| Center height | 13 m | ||
| Timezone | UTC + 3 | ||
| Population | |||
| Population | ↗ 59,494 [3] people ( 2019 ) | ||
| Nationalities | Dargins , Kumyks , Lezgins , Russians , Avars , Laks | ||
| Denominations | Muslims - Sunnis , Orthodox | ||
| Katoykonim | electors, elector, elector | ||
| Digital identifiers | |||
| Telephone code | +7 87245 | ||
| Postcode | 368500 | ||
| OKATO Code | 82415 | ||
| OKTMO Code | |||
| mo-izberbash.ru | |||
The city of republican significance [5] , forms the municipality of the city of Izberbash with the status of an urban district as the only settlement in its composition [6] .
Content
Geographical position
The city arose in connection with the development of oil fields on the shelf of the Caspian Sea and is located on its shore 65 [7] km south of Makhachkala . The city is located on the Caspian lowland and stretches from the northwest to southeast along the coastline of the Caspian Sea for more than 10 km. From the north and west, the valley in which the city lies is bordered by low chains of the foothills of the Greater Caucasus . Pushkin-Tau Mountain rises above the city, revealing traces of wind erosion. The distance from Moscow by rail is 2,145 km. The distance to the Samur post on the border with Azerbaijan is 125 km, to Baku - 329 km.
Etymology
The name “Yiz bir bash” is translated from the Kumyk language as the Trail of one head [8] , or the Trail on the top of the mountain [4] .
Management
There are no divisions into districts as of 2016. However, within the city limits in the west of the city stands out the historical center with the general development plan of the Soviet period, as well as a number of areas of private development without a general plan.
Climate
The climate of Izberbash is transitional from moderate semiarid to subtropical dry [9] . The climate is strongly influenced by the Caspian Sea , due to which autumn is long and warm, and spring comes with a delay. Winters are mild, snow lasts only two weeks a year, February is usually the coldest month. The sea does not freeze (the average water surface temperature in February here is +3.5 ° C [10] ), however, ice floes from the northern Caspian are driven to the coast, especially numerous in severe winters [11] . Summer is long and hot [12] .
The average annual temperature in Izberbash is positive: +12.7 ° C, average monthly temperature in January +0.8 ° C (minimum –17 ° C), average monthly temperature in July +24.0 ° C (maximum +37.7 ° C). The duration of the warm period is 270 days. Precipitation on average 260 mm per year; the rainiest month is October (46 mm) [13] . The average annual relative humidity is 69.5%, the average wind speed is 5.0 m / s.
In 1952 , the city had its own hydrometeorological station, which was organized by Kheilik Grigory Grigoryevich , a native of Kerch [11] .
Recreational Infrastructure
The main beach of Izberbash is located at the end of Ushakov street. It is quite long (about 3 kilometers in length) and quite wide (200 meters in width). Local sand has a fine-grained structure, sometimes mixed with shells. Natural stone ridges play the role of natural breakwaters and protect beaches quite well from surge waves [14] . There are usually no storms or hurricanes in the Izberbash area. The depth of the sea also decreases gradually: the sea reaches a depth of 1.5 m about 70 meters from the coastline [15] . In summer, water on the sea surface in Izberbash warms up to an average of +24.5 ° C. The salinity of the water near Izberbash is low (varies on average from 11 ‰ in February to 12.5 ‰ in August) [10] .
The beach has all the necessary infrastructure: there are changing cabins, sunshades, benches and urns. The beach also has showers with thermal water. Sand is regularly sifted by a sand-cleaning machine. Rescue posts are also equipped. There are two asphalt parking lots near the beach for the convenience of access to its territory. Cars are parked on the lower platform, the upper one is for minibuses.
History
The Russian archives store data on the existence in the territory of modern Izberbash of the historical settlement of Ullu-Izbar in the region of Mount Izberberg , which arose in the 17th century and was repeatedly destroyed and restored during the wars. Mention of him, for example, is present in the Campaign Journal of 1722 by Peter I [12] .
The availability of oil in the city area became known back in the 1920s [7] . The first modern workers' settlement arose here in 1931 . In 1935, the first large oil wells began to be developed here. The status of the city was received on June 28, 1949 [12] . Since then, the population of the city has been continuously increasing.
In 2005, Izberbash took first place according to the results of the competition, the most comfortable city in Russia in the category of cities with a population of up to 100 thousand inhabitants [16] .
Population
Izberbash belongs to the young fast-growing cities of the Republic of Dagestan [17] .
| Population | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1959 [18] | 1967 [19] | 1970 [20] | 1979 [21] | 1989 [22] | 1992 [19] | 1996 [19] | 1998 [19] | 2000 [19] | 2001 [19] |
| 11 187 | ↗ 17,000 | ↗ 17 299 | ↗ 21 333 | ↗ 28 122 | ↗ 31,700 | ↗ 35 300 | → 35 300 | ↗ 36,200 | ↗ 36 500 |
| 2002 [23] | 2003 [19] | 2005 [19] | 2006 [19] | 2007 [19] | 2008 [19] | 2009 [24] | 2010 [25] | 2011 [19] | 2012 [26] |
| ↗ 39 365 | ↗ 39,400 | ↗ 40 600 | ↗ 41,200 | ↗ 41 800 | ↗ 50 800 | ↗ 51 246 | ↗ 55 646 | ↘ 55 600 | ↗ 55 919 |
| 2013 [27] | 2014 [28] | 2015 [29] | 2016 [30] | 2017 [31] | 2018 [32] | 2019 [3] | |||
| ↗ 55 988 | ↗ 56 322 | ↗ 56 914 | ↗ 57 511 | ↗ 58 147 | ↗ 58 690 | ↗ 59 494 | |||
As of January 1, 2019, the city was in 277th place out of 1,115 [33] cities of the Russian Federation in terms of population [34] .
According to the forecast of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia , the population of the urban district of Izberbash will be [35] :
- 2024 - 63.05 thousand people.
- 2035 - 71.36 thousand people.
- National composition
According to the 2010 census [36] :
| People | Number of people | Share from everything population% |
|---|---|---|
| dargins | 36 115 | 64.9% |
| kumyks | 8 424 | 15.14% |
| lezgins | 4 347 | 7.81% |
| Russians | 2,067 | 3.71% |
| Avars | 1 932 | 3.47% |
| laks | 1,402 | 2.52% |
| other | 1 208 | 2.17% |
| non-nationality | 151 | 0.27% |
| Total | 55,646 | 100.0% |
Local government
- Chairman of the meeting of deputies
- since 2008 - Suleymanov Abdulmejid Valibagandovich
- - Amirov M.A.
- The head of administration
- 2007-2008 - Suleymanov Abdulmejid Valibagandovich
- since 2013 - Magomedov Amir Rajabovich.
- since 2019 (acting) - Isakov Magomed Kurbankadievich
Miscellaneous
Izberbash is known for Pushkin-Tau Mountain, the slope of which resembles the profile of A.S. Pushkin.
In Izberbash, for the first time in the world, an integrated method was used to extract oil from under the seabed by constructing flyovers and drilling deviated wells from the shore. [37]
City Anthem
- Anthem of the city Izberbash
written by the Dagestan composer Ilyasov Akhmed Ilyasovich '
Where beyond the cliffs Caspian gray-haired,
Sings an eternal song
Built our Izberbash young
In the roar of the first chisels.
Chorus
Caspian gray-haired, coast of the sea, beckons with beauty
My Izberbash is a city of labor, with you in my heart.
Caspian gray-haired, coast of the sea, beckons with beauty
My Izberbash is a city of labor, with you in my heart.
2 verse
In the sea, the oilman hurries to watch,
Think big about oil.
Foreman, builder, athlete, young
The city glorifies the native!
The chorus is the same
3 verse
A beautiful city grows high
It smells of green in spring
A city that has not known centuries old
The city built by me!
The chorus is the same
Economics
The city has a developed industry. The first large industrial enterprise in the city was the DagZETO electrothermal equipment factory [7] . Over time, were commissioned:
- radio factory them. Pleshakova P.S.
- "Sewing factory them. I. Shamil
- Izberbashneft, Residual Oil Production
- filter equipment factory
- State Unitary Enterprise “Printing House No. 6”
- confectionery factory "Daginter"
- Confectionery factory "Eurocond"
- "Izberbash City Dairy Plant"
- "Izberbash bakery"
- production of nectars and juices Novopak
- CJSC Wine and Cognac Factory Izberbashsky
- coastal recreation
Culture
- House of Culture
- Darginsky Drama Theater . O. Batyrya
- Sports base to them. A. Aliyev
- Izberbash Museum of Local Lore
Notes
- ↑ Geographical Names of the World: Toponymic Dictionary. - M: AST. Pospelov E.M. 2001
- ↑ Calculated from the database of municipalities of the Russian Federation for 2008
- ↑ 1 2 Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2019 . Date of treatment July 31, 2019.
- ↑ 1 2 Geographical Names of the World: Toponymic Dictionary. - M: AST. Pospelov E.M. 2001
- ↑ The Law of the Republic of Dagestan dated April 10, 2002 N 16 “ON ADMINISTRATIVE TERRITORIAL DEVICE OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN”
- ↑ Charter of the municipality “Izberbash city”
- ↑ 1 2 3 The history of the formation of the city of Izberbash is the topic of a scientific article on history and historical sciences. Read the text of the research work in the electronic library of Kib ...
- ↑ Kumyk-Russian Dictionary (Kaumukcha-Russcha Seslyuk), Bammatov B.G., Gadzhiakhmedov N.E. 2013
- ↑ http://en.climate-data.org/location/29395/
- ↑ 1 2 Seas of Russia - Caspian Sea
- ↑ 1 2 History
- ↑ 1 2 3 Izberbash, city - Dagestan - Russia
- ↑ http://www.vokrugsveta.ru/encyclopedia/index.php?title=Izberbash
- ↑ City beach - Izberbash Republic of Dagestan
- ↑ City beach of Izberbash, Izberbash. Beaches. Satellite / Tourism
- ↑ The most comfortable city in Russia (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment September 15, 2010. Archived December 20, 2010.
- ↑ The number and reproduction of the population of Dagestan is the topic of a scientific article on demography. Read the text of the research work in the CyberLen electronic library for free ...
- ↑ 1959 All-Union Census. The number of urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender . Demoscope Weekly. Date of treatment September 25, 2013. Archived on April 28, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 People's Encyclopedia “My City”. Izberbash
- ↑ 1970 All-Union Population Census. The number of urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender. . Demoscope Weekly. Date of treatment September 25, 2013. Archived on April 28, 2013.
- ↑ 1979 All-Union Population Census. The number of urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender. . Demoscope Weekly. Date of treatment September 25, 2013. Archived on April 28, 2013.
- ↑ 1989 All-Union Population Census. The urban population . Archived on August 22, 2011.
- ↑ 2002 All-Russian Population Census. Tom. 1, table 4. The population of Russia, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, regions, urban settlements, rural settlements - district centers and rural settlements with a population of 3 thousand or more . Archived February 3, 2012.
- ↑ The number of permanent population of the Russian Federation by cities, urban-type settlements and districts as of January 1, 2009 . Date of treatment January 2, 2014. Archived January 2, 2014.
- ↑ 2010 All-Russian Population Census. Table No. 11. The population of urban districts, municipalities, urban and rural settlements, urban and rural settlements of the Republic of Dagestan . Date of treatment May 13, 2014. Archived on May 13, 2014.
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities. Table 35. Estimated resident population as of January 1, 2012 . Date of treatment May 31, 2014. Archived May 31, 2014.
- ↑ The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2013. - M.: Federal State Statistics Service of Rosstat, 2013. - 528 p. (Table 33. The population of urban districts, municipalities, urban and rural settlements, urban settlements, rural settlements) . Date of treatment November 16, 2013. Archived November 16, 2013.
- ↑ Population as of January 1, 2014 in rural settlements of the Republic of Dagestan . Date of treatment April 17, 2014. Archived April 17, 2014.
- ↑ The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2015 . Date of treatment August 6, 2015. Archived on August 6, 2015.
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2016
- ↑ The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017 (July 31, 2017). Date of treatment July 31, 2017. Archived July 31, 2017.
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2018 . Date of treatment July 25, 2018. Archived July 26, 2018.
- ↑ taking into account the cities of Crimea
- ↑ The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2019. Table "21. The population of cities and towns by federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2019 ” (RAR archive (1,0 Mb)). Federal State Statistics Service .
- ↑ Spatial development strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025 (draft)
- ↑ Results of VPN-2010 in Dagestan. Volume 3
- ↑ Origin and oil production. Network Encyclopedia. . Archived February 14, 2012.
Links
- Municipalities of the Republic of Dagestan MO "Izberbash city"
- Video review "Izberbash City"
- Municipal formation "Izberbash City"
- 3D city tour of Izberbash
- Izberbash in the encyclopedia "My city"
- CJSC VKZ “Izberbashsky”
- Izberbash on "Kavkazweb.net"
- Izberbash on the site of the Union of Small Cities of Russia
- Branch of the Dagestan State Pedagogical University (DSPU) in Izberbash
- Branch of Dagestan State University (DGU) in Izberbash (inaccessible link)
- Short video presentation of Izberbash
- Chalet "Surf"
- Information portal of the city of Izberbash