Yasenskaya spit is an alluvial sand spit located in the Primorsko-Akhtarsky district of the Krasnodar Territory on the east coast of the Sea of Azov , between the Yasensky Bay and the Beisugsky estuary . It starts north of Primorsko-Akhtarsk and reaches for the Yasenskaya Ferry , from which it is separated by the festoon of the Beisugsky estuary.
| Jasen Spit | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Location | |
| Water area | Sea of Azov |
| A country |
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| The subject of the Russian Federation | Krasnodar region |
The length of the Jasen Spit is 14 km, the largest width is recorded in the northern part - about 3 km. Active growth of the spit in the north is facilitated by west and south-west winds, which enhance the sea current from south to north. Thus, streams of sea water move a large amount of shell rock and sand, which, deposited at the northern end of the spit, contribute to its growth.
The climate in this part of the Azov coast is characterized by mild winters (average January temperature from -2 to -5.5 ° C) and dry, hot summers (average July temperature 23-24 ° C). The frost-free period begins in late March – early April and ends in late November; the frost-free period lasts 190–210 days. During the growing season, there are dry winds on the coast (45-50 days). Annual precipitation is 400-500 mm [1] .
As a result of the publication of the Decree of the Head of the Administration of the Krasnodar Territory of August 7 , 1997 No. 332 [2] , Yasenskaya Spit received the status of a resort of local importance. The boundaries and regime of the sanitary protection district of this specially protected natural area (SPNA) are determined by Resolution of the Head of the Administration of the Krasnodar Territory dated 08.08.2011 No. 826 [3] .
The last 20-30 years, the Jasen Spit is being intensively destroyed. The erosion area of the marine part of the spit from 1948 to 2006 over a length of 10 km amounted to 2.4 million m²; volume - about 5 million cubic meters The highest erosion rate has been observed since 1994 - up to 12-15 m per year. Scientists fear that during a severe storm with extreme overtaking, the root of the spit may be broken, which will lead to the disintegration of the spit into individual islands and the transformation of the Beisugsky estuary into a shallow bay of the Sea of Azov . The result will be an increase in salinity in the estuary and deterioration of fish reproduction conditions, as well as a general violation of the ecological balance of the coastal territories. [4] The causes of the destruction of the Jasen Spit are both natural and man-made. Among the natural processes that contribute to the destruction of the body of the braid are global warming , an increase in the level of the Sea of Azov , and an increase in the number and intensity of hurricanes on the coast. The impact of these factors is amplified due to economic activity. Ponds and canals are created on the spit; large volumes of shell rock are moving. As a result of natural processes and man-made impacts, artificial plantations of sucker and sea-buckthorn are damaged in the mid-20th century and protect the Jasen Spit from water and wind erosion . [five]
Notes
- ↑ Agroclimatic Handbook of the Krasnodar Territory / Ed. V.P. Gavrilova. - Krasnodar: Krasnodar. book Publishing House, 1961 .-- 467 p.
- ↑ On the recognition of certain territories of the Krasnodar Territory as resorts of local importance // Administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Resolution No. 332 of August 7, 1997
- ↑ On the approval of the boundaries and regime of the sanitary protection district of local resorts of Primorsko-Akhtarsk and the Yasenskaya spit in the Krasnodar Territory // Administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Resolution No. 826 of August 2, 2011
- ↑ To the rescue of the Yasenskaya Spit // Primorsko-Akhtarskaya Broadcasting Company, Newspaper No. 68 08/26/2009
- ↑ The Public Environmental Council under the head of the Kuban recognized the condition of the Yasenskaya Spit and Beisugsky estuary as critical // Ecological Watch in the North Caucasus, 04/28/2016
Literature
- Yasenskaya Spit // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Lotyshev I.P. Geography of the Kuban. Encyclopedic Dictionary. - M .: Maykop, 2006.