Alawites or Alawites [1] ( Arabic. سلالة العلويين الفيلاليين ) - the ruling dynasty of Morocco . Sultans from the 17th century , kings from 1957 . Also called Philalids, Philalian Sheriffs .
| Alawites | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A country | Morocco |
| Parent house | |
| Founder | Moulay Rashid ibn Sheriff |
| Current chapter | Mohammed VI |
| Year of foundation | 1666 |
| Titles | |
| King of morocco | |
The history of the Alawite dynasty began after the overthrow of the Saadite dynasty . During the rule of the Saadites, the pirates in Sale created a kind of autonomous republic. Morocco gradually lost control of the gold mines in West Africa . In the middle of the XVII century, Moroccan control passed to the Alawites dynasty, which is still in power in the country. The Alawites came from Tafilalt , from the city of Sigilmas , and belonged to a noble Sheriff family, descending from Hassan , the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. The first representative of the dynasty is Moulay Mohammed al-Sheriff . His successor Moulay Rashid ibn Sheriff established himself in Fez in 1666 , then in 1668 he was captured by Marrakesh . Under Moulay Ismail, the capital was Meknes .
The change in title is due to Muhammad V. Along with the traditional Muslim, he received a European education, which became the basis for future changes and transformations in the state and society. In 1957, Morocco became a kingdom, and Muhammad V himself took the title of King of Morocco.
Content
The rulers of the Alawites of Morocco
- 1664 - 1672 : Moulay Rashid ibn Sheriff ( Sultan in 1666)
- 1672 - 1727 : Moulay Ismail Ibn Sheriff
- 1727 - 1728 : Moulay Ahmed ibn Ismail (1st reign)
- 1728 - 1728 : Abd al-Malik
- 1728 - 1729 : Moulay Ahmed ibn Ismail (2nd reign)
- 1729 - 1735 : Abdullah II (1st reign)
- 1735 - 1736 : Moulay Ali
- 1736 - 1736 : Abdullah II (2nd reign)
- 1736 - 1738 : Mohammed II
- 1738 - 1740 : Al Mustadi
- 1740 - 1745 : Abdullah III
- 1745 - 1745 : Zin al-Abidine
- 1745 - 1757 : Abdullah IV
- 1757 - 1790 : Mohammed III bin Abdallah
- 1790 - 1792 : Al Yazeed bin Mohammed
- 1792 - 1822 : Moulay Sulaiman bin Mohammed
- 1822 - 1859 : Moulay Abd al-Rahman
- 1859 - 1873 : Mohammed IV
- 1873 - 1894 : Moulay Hassan I
- 1894 - 1908 : Moulay Abd al-Aziz
- 1908 - 1912 : Abd al-Hafid
- 1912 - 1927 : Moulay Yusuf
- 1927 - 1953 : Mohammed V (1st reign)
- 1953 - 1955 : Mohammed (VI) bin Araf
- 1955 - 1961 : Mohammed V (2nd reign; adopted the title of king in 1957 )
- 1961 - 1999 : Hassan II
- 1999 - n. c.: Mohammed VI
- The Crown Prince: Moulay Hassan
An interesting fact about the dynasty.
The most common type of marriage in a dynasty is intra-dynastic. Examples:
1. Prince Muhammad ibn Ismayil ibn Abbas, grandson of Moulay Abd ar-Rahman , married his second cousin Halima bint Mohammed, daughter of Mohammed ibn Arafa;
2. Chania bint Tahir, daughter of Prince Tahir and granddaughter of Hassan I, married her second cousin, Mohammed Ibn Araf;
3. Another daughter of Tahir Abla married Muhammad V;
4. Prince Idris, son of Moulay Yusuf, married his cousin Jamalla bandint Mustafa, daughter of Hassan I;
5. Their son Ali married his cousin - one of the daughters of Muhammad V.
Notes
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia: 30 Vol. / Chairman scientific-ed. Council Yu. S. Osipov. Repl. Ed. S. L. Kravets. - T. 1. A - Questioning. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 2005 .-- 766 p.: Ill .: maps. (p. 404)
Literature
- Orlov V.V. Socio-political development of Alawite Morocco in the middle of the XVIII - early XIX centuries. - M. , 1995.
- Sergeev M.S. History of Morocco. XX century. - M. , 2001.
- Dalle I. Le règne de Hassan II, 1961-1999: Une espérance brisée. - P. , Casablanca, 2001.
- Haarmann U. Geschichte der Arabischen Welt. - München, 2001.