Grigory Stepanovich Vinsky ( 1752 , Pochep , Starodubsky regiment , Hetmanism (now Bryansk region ) - 1819 , Buzuluk (according to other sources, Astrakhan )) - writer, memoirist at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries.
| Grigory Stepanovich Vinsky | |
|---|---|
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| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death |
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| Citizenship (citizenship) | |
| Occupation | essayist |
| Years of creativity | 1810-1818 |
| Genre | notes, memoirs |
| Language of Works | |
| Debut | "My time" |
Content
Biography
He came from a family of small Ukrainian noblemen. He studied literacy at a parish school, received basic information in Latin from a home teacher; passed a grammar class at the Chernihiv Collegium ( 1762 - 1763 ), graduated from the rhetoric class of the Kiev-Mohyla Academy ( 1763 - 1768 ); He studied French at the Karpovich boarding school in Starodub . He spent the autumn of 1769 in Glukhov ; on April 12, 1770 , KG Razumovsky was assigned to the Izmailovsky regiment as a soldier. Spirits and motivation led him to a debt prison ( 1773 - 1774 ). He was released thanks to the intercession of his son-in-law A.K. Lobisevich. He received the first non-commissioned officer rank ( 1775 ). Having retired, 1775 - 1776 spent in Pochep ; then in February 1777 he returned to Petersburg , where he soon became involved in the case of army officers about forging documents and stealing official money, sorted out by a secret expedition by A. A. Vyazemsky . After imprisonment in the Peter and Paul Fortress (September 1779 - December 1780 ), he was deprived of ranks and nobility and exiled to a settlement in the Orenburg province .
In 1781 - 1782 he was the secretary of the farmer Astrakhantsev; From August 1783 he lived in Ufa as a home teacher in the families of N. M. Bulgakov, E. D. Rychkova (widows of P. I. Rychkov), S. Ya. Levashev, F. Ya. Shishkov. In the winter of 1787 1788 , while in Ufa , he met with headquarters doctor S. S. Andreevsky , with whom he went to Chelyabinsk in February 1788 . According to the memoirist, 3 months spent in Chelyabinsk in close contact with Andreevsky, "were ... more useful than a ten-year teaching." In late May, Vinsky returned to Ufa . From 1801 to 1806 in Orenburg - in the family of the director of customs P.E. Velichko. In 1806, Vinsky traveled to St. Petersburg and obtained a pardon, after which he settled in Buzuluk , often visiting Astrakhan , where he maintained relations with A. M. Turgenev , the author of the famous "Notes". After the amnesty of 1805, he worked on projects to improve trade between Russia and the East, and was engaged in translating works by French authors. From 1814 he began work on his main work - autobiographical notes "My Time".
The path to creativity
Vinsky's acquaintance with the latest writers began in St. Petersburg. A deeper interest in literature was aroused in exile under the influence of provincial intelligentsia (Vinsky calls P.I. Chichagov , A.P. Mansurov , regimental healers S.S. Andreevsky and Zanden) and due to the ability to use the library of P.F. Kvashnina- Samarina . Important in this respect was the acquaintance with A. I. Arsenyev , the owner of a collection of contemporary French publications, which prompted Vinsky to do translations. The most powerful impression on him was made by L.-S. Mercier ; his writings determined Vinsky's attitude to the literature of the French Enlightenment . Handwritten translations of Vinsky (among them, possibly, “2440 year” by Mercier) were in circulation in Kazan , Simbirsk and Siberia . Vinsky acquainted his pupils with the ideas of J.-J. Russo , K.-A. Helvetia , G. Mably ; he was fascinated by Voltaire's "entertaining syllable and bold truths." Widespread literacy left an imprint on Vinsky's biographical notes “My Time,” begun around 1813 (brought to 1794 ). In the manner of presentation, he tries to imitate L. Stern , accepting his "shandeizm", but rejecting Sternism in the interpretation of N. M. Karamzin . In addition to everyday pictures of the provincial life of Ukraine and the Volga region (Vinsky with sharp lines depicts the plight of domestic people), notes include polemical discussion about education in Russia , a critical assessment of the reign of Catherine II , a comparison of the morals of Russia and Little Russia . Vinsky’s memoirs became known shortly after his death ( A. I. Turgenev received the list in the early 1820s ), but attracted attention only in the middle of the XIX century. (The current location of the autograph has not been established). Among the papers of A.P. Velichko were the manuscripts of the writings (possibly translations) of Vinsky: “Orator of the French General States in 1789” and “Drama ...” in three acts from the history of the Huguenots (lost). In 1819, Vinsky drafted and proposed to the government a political and economic “project” to expand trade through Khiva and Bukhara .
Publications
- Vinsky G.S. Notes by G.S. Vinsky // Russian Archive, 1877. - Book. 1, no. 1. - S. 76-123; Vol. 2. - S. 150—197.
- My time: Notes by G. S. Vinsky / Editorial and introductory article by P. E. Shchegolev. - SPb., 1914.
- Vinsky G., Mertvago D. Catherine II. Facade and backyard of the empire. - M., 2007. - ISBN 5-94177-008-1 .
Notes
- ↑ Vinsky Grigory Stepanovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ed. A. M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1969.
Literature
- Bartenev P.I. To the biography of G.S. Vinsky // Russian Archive. - 1877. - No. 6.
- Vinsky, Grigory Stepanovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Pypin A.N. Tales from the Catherine Age // Herald of Europe. - 1877. - No. 7.
- Bolshakov L., Bolshakova T. Vinsky known and unknown // Rifey. - Chelyabinsk, 1981.
- Nikulina N. I. Vinsky Grigory Stepanovich // Dictionary of Russian writers of the XVIII century / Otv. ed. A.M. Panchenko. - L .: Nauka, 1988. - Vol. 1: (AI).
- God V. S. What Vinsky did not write about // Historical readings: Mater. scientific conf. - Chelyabinsk, 1996. - Vol. 2.
- Bolshakov L. N. Meeting with the past. - Kiev, 1988.
- Bolshakov L. Return of Grigory Vinsky. - Orenburg, 1999.
- Egurnaya I.S. Vinsky Grigory Stepanovich // Chelyabinsk: Encyclopedia / Comp .: V. S. God, V. A. Chernozemtsev. - Ed. corrected and add. - Chelyabinsk: Stone belt, 2001 .-- 1112 p. ISBN 5-88771-026-8
- Pages of the history of the Pochep district . By the 510th anniversary of the first mention of the town of Pochep in the Brief Volyn Chronicle (1500-2010). Publications from periodicals, local history information from books, notes by local historians, eyewitnesses and participants in the events taking place in the Pochep district / Comp .: S. M. Maslenko . - Klintsy , 2010. - S. 499-502.